SISAL

About: SISAL is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1878 publications have been published within this topic receiving 55528 citations.

Process of preparing sodium-copper chlorophyllide and pectin with sisal residue

Abstract: The present invention discloses comprehensive utilization of sisal residue The wet sisal residue after fiber extraction is extruded, soaked in alcohol and filtered to obtain extracted liquid for preparing chlorophyll and extracted residue for preparing pectin The extracted liquid after alcohol recovery is extracted with ethyl acetate to obtain chlorophyll; and the chlorophyll is reacted with copper sulfate and saponified with sodium hydroxide to obtain sodium-copper chlorophyllide The extracted residue is ultrasonically washed, dilute hydrochloric acid washed, enzyme deactivated and hydrolyzed with 04 % concentration hydrochloric acid solution to obtain hydrolysate; and the hydrolysate is salted out with iron salt or copper salt, desalted, decolorized and dried to obtain pectin The present invention raises the utilization value of sisal and is environment friendly

The influence of micro- and nano- sisal fibres on the morphology and properties of different polymers

Abstract: In this study, three types of polyethylene, low-density (LDPE), linear low-density (LLDPE), and high-density (HDPE) polyethylene, were used as polymer matrices to prepare sisal fibre reinforced polyethylene composites containing 10-30 wt% fibre. The untreated and the dicumyl peroxide (DCP) treated composites were prepared by melt mixing, followed by hot melt pressing. The influence of the DCP treatment, the polyethylene molecular characteristics, and the sisal fibre loadings on the morphology and on the thermal, mechanical, and dynamic mechanical properties of the composites was investigated. The gel contents of the composites varied significantly depending on the polyethylene molecular characteristics. The LLDPE composites had the highest gel content values followed by LDPE and then HDPE, for which the gel content did not change significantly. These results strongly suggested the presence of grafting of the polyethylene chains onto the sisal fibre surfaces combined with crosslinking between the polymer chains. The morphologies of the cryofractured surfaces and the xylene-extracted samples further confirmed the presence of the grafting, particularly in the case of the treated LLDPE and LDPE composites. The SEM micrographs of the treated LLDPE and LDPE composites showed better interfacial adhesion between the polymers and the sisal fibres. For HDPE composites, however, such interfacial bonding was not observed from the SEM micrographs. The SEM images of all the untreated polyethylene composites showed poor interfacial interactions. TGA analyses showed that the treatment did significantly affect the thermal stabilities of the composites, and all the untreated and the treated samples were thermally less stable than the neat polymer matrices. The DSC results demonstrated that the crystallization and melting behaviour of all the untreated polyethylene composites remained unaffected. However, both the DCP treatment and the sisal fibre loadings to some extent influenced the crystallization and melting behaviour of the LLDPE composites, whereas those of the LDPE composites were only slightly affected. The treated HDPE composites, however, did not show significant changes in their crystallization and melting behaviour. The elongation at break for all the treated and the untreated polyethylene composites showed similar trends and the treatment did not bring about any differences. Compared to the untreated composites, the tensile strength and the Young’s modulus of the treated LLDPE and LDPE composites were remarkably higher, whereas the Young’s modulus of the treated HDPE composites was observably lower and no significant effect on the tensile strength was noticed. The storage modulus of the LLDPE and LDPE composites showed good correlation with the tensile testing results. The tan δ curves showed a slight increase in the glass transition temperatures for the treated composites. The storage modulus of the treated HDPE composites remarkably decreased, and the tan δ curves did not show the β-relaxation as in the case of the other two polymers. The effect of the incorporation of sisal whickers on the properties of poly(lactic acid) was also investigated in this study. Untreated and the MA/DCP and DCP treated PLA nanocomposites, with sisal whiskers loadings of 2 and 6 wt%, were prepared by melt mixing and hot melt pressing. The dispersion of the whiskers in the PLA matrix as well as the thermal and viscoelastic properties of the nanocomposites were determined using TEM, DSC, TGA, and DMA. The dispersion of the whiskers was found to be similar, whether the samples were treated or not. The presence and the amount of whiskers in the untreated nanocomposites slightly decreased the calculated percent crystallinity, but the Tm, Tc and Tg remained fairly constant compared to neat PLA. The type of treatment was also found to influence the crystallization and melting behaviour of the nanocomposites. The TGA results showed that neither the sisal whiskers loading nor the treatment had a significant effect on the thermal stabilities of the nanocomposites. The incorporation of the whiskers remarkably reduced the intensity of the glass transition in the tan δ curve, and all the nanocomposites showed higher storage modulus values compared to the neat PLA. The type of treatment did not really influence the stiffness of the samples. Entirely bio-based nanocomposites of PFA and sisal whiskers were prepared by an in situ polymerization method. The effect of increased sisal whiskers loadings (1 and 2 wt%) on the thermal and the dynamic mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were studied. No significant changes in the thermal stabilities of the nanocomposites could be seen. The storage moduli of the nanocomposites were significantly increased by the presence and the amount of sisal whiskers, and the intensity of the glass transition relaxation in the tan δ curve observably decreased and slightly shifted to lower temperatures.

Agave and sisal fibre-reinforced polyfurfuryl alcohol composites

Abstract: Agave Americana (agave) and Agave sisalana (sisal) fibres belong to the same family of natural fibres. Both the fibres were treated with alkali. Interestingly, alkali-treated agave fibres displayed...

Fast Pyrolysis of Sisal Residue in a Pilot Fluidized Bed Reactor

Abstract: The objective of this research was to study the fast pyrolysis of sisal residue, performed in a pilot unit with a fluidized bed reactor The tests were carried out by varying the flows of nitrogen (8–14 N m3/h), biomass (1033–2595 g/min), and temperature (450–550 °C) The experimental planning technique was used to identify the number of tests and the influence of operational variables on the bio-oil yield One of the highest H2/CO (216) ratios was found from the eighth test on, which was an appropriate value for the production of methanol and liquid biofuels All bio-oil samples produced were characterized, and the results showed that the sisal residue bio-oil is different from other bio-oils reported in the literature It has high viscosity at room temperature, with a pour point of 55 °C and average molecular weight of 4142 g/mol In addition, phenolic species completely prevail in relation to the other monomeric components The biochar obtained is an amorphous, fine powder Despite the porosity, it

A Novel Flexible Green Composite with Sisal and Natural Rubber: Investigation under Low-Velocity Impact

Abstract: ABSTRACT The present work concentrates on assessing the low-velocity impact (LVI) response of sisal-natural rubber (NR)-based flexible green composite in two different stacking sequences, namely, sisal/rubber/sisal (SRS) and sisal/rubber/sisal/rubber/sisal (SRSRS). The influence of the impactor shape on LVI response of the proposed composite was assessed using hemispherical and conical-shaped impactors. Results showed that the proposed composites exhibit better energy absorption and resistance to damage due to inclusion of compliant matrix. The study of damage mechanism of the proposed composites showed that the inclusion of NR as a matrix material in the proposed composites helps to avoid catastrophic failure since rubber undergoes failure by matrix tearing as opposed to matrix cracking as in the case of stiff composites. The proposed composites eliminate two of the major damage mechanisms, namely, matrix cracking and delamination, due to usage of compliant matrix material. The results obtained suggest that the proposed flexible composites can serve as excellent sacrificial structures. The outcome of the present study serves as a benchmark for interested designers/engineers to explore the usage of natural material candidates for developing sustainable impact-resistant composites.