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Sister chromatid exchange

About: Sister chromatid exchange is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3187 publications have been published within this topic receiving 90029 citations. The topic is also known as: replication-born DSB repair by SCE & GO:1990414.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The approach described provides an introduction to a unique means for a coordinate molecular and cytological study of dynamic changes in chromosome structure.
Abstract: Repetitive DNA sequences have been implicated in the mediation of DNA rearrangement in mammalian cells. We have tested this hypothesis by using a dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) expression vector into which candidate sequences were inserted. DHFR- Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were transfected with this vector, the amplification of which was then selected for by methotrexate (MTX) exposure. Cells transfected with the vector alone (and resistant to 0.02 or 1.0 microM MTX) or with a poly(dG-dT) insert (and resistant to 0.05 or 1.0 microM MTX) showed little change in chromosome aberrations or sister chromatid exchange frequencies. In contrast, transfection of DHFR- CHO cells with a vector containing either of two distinct 0.34-kilobase human alphoid DNA segments (and selection to 0.05 to 10.0 microM MTX) showed an approximately 50% increase in chromosome number and marked changes in chromosome structure, including one or two dicentric or ring forms per cell. The sister chromatid exchange frequency also increased, to more than double the frequency of that in cells transfected without insert or those containing poly(dG-dT). In situ hybridization of one 0.34-kilobase insert in some cells suggested clustering of homologous sequences in structurally abnormal recipient CHO cell chromosomes. The approach described provides an introduction to a unique means for a coordinate molecular and cytological study of dynamic changes in chromosome structure.

38 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Fertility and sperm number, motility, and morphology were analyzed in male C57BL/6 mice exposed to various mixtures of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and Somatic cell (bone marrow) sister chromatid exchange frequencies were also evaluated in mice injected with similar chemical mixtures.
Abstract: Fertility and sperm number, motility, and morphology were analyzed in male C5 7BLJ6 mice exposed to various mixtures of 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D), 2,4,5‐trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5‐T), and 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD) in the diet for 8 wk. Somatic cell (bone marrow) sister chromatid exchange frequencies were also evaluated in mice injected with similar chemical mixtures. The concentration of the test chemicals was such that the average daily feeding dose in the three mixtures or control was 40 mg/kg 2,4‐D, 40 mg/kg 2,4,5‐T, and 2.4 μg/kg TCDD; 40 mg/kg 2,4‐D, 40 mg/kg 2,4,5‐T, and 0.16 μg/kg TCDD; 20 mg/kg 2,4‐D, 20 mg/kg 2,4,5‐T, and 1.2 μg/kg TCDD; or no chemical added (control). No significant dose‐related effects were observed in the treated mice compared to the control group.

37 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is found that different ploidy effects were induced in four Chinese hamster-derived cell lines treated through two cell cycles with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the absence of a metabolic activation system, and the V79-MZ and V79 cell lines might be good systems for detecting aneuploidogens.
Abstract: We found that different ploidy effects were induced in four Chinese hamster-derived cell lines (V79-MZ, V79, CHL and CHO-K1) treated through two cell cycles with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the absence of a metabolic activation system. 5-Bromodeoxyuridine was used to investigate cell cycle delay and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) induced by the chemicals. Benzo[a]pyrene (BP) induced aneuploidy at 2.5-10 micrograms/ml in V79-MZ cells. 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced polyploidy at 3.125-6.25 and 6.25-1.25 micrograms/ml in V79-MZ and V79 cells respectively. Higher concentrations caused cell cycle delay and, therefore, did not affect ploidy. BP and DMBA did not induce a significant increase in SCE frequency at the above doses. 3-Methylcholanthrene tested up to its solubility limit (10 micrograms/ml) did not induce numerical aberrations in any cell line. The clastogen mitomycin C, tested up to 0.01 microgram/ml, did not produce numerical aberrations but did significantly increase SCE frequency in all cell lines. The spindle poison colchicine, tested up to 0.1 microgram/ml, induced ploidy changes in the four cell lines that showed different sensitivities. Four cell lines showed no arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase activity, and V79-MZ, but not the other cells lines, showed high glutathione S-transferase activity. Aneuploidy induction by BP and polyploidy induction by DMBA in the absence of S9 mix in vitro have not been described before, and the finding might be due to the effect on tubulin. Due to their specificity and high sensitivity, the V79-MZ and V79 cell lines might be good systems for detecting aneuploidogens.

37 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It could be suggested that dicamba injures DNA by delivering reactive oxygen species rather than by another type of mechanism/s because its formulation contains other xenobiotic/s agents able to induce cellular and DNA damage by a different mechanisms/s.

37 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Salmonella mutagenesis testing (Ames test) and sister chromatid exchange studies in cultured human lymphocytes show no evidence of mutagenic activity in cells exposed to three commonly used radiographic contrast media (RCM).
Abstract: Salmonella mutagenesis testing (Ames test) and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) studies in cultured human lymphocytes show no evidence of mutagenic activity in cells exposed to three commonly used radiographic contrast media (RCM).

37 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20238
202222
20215
202011
201914
201811