Sister chromatid exchange

About: Sister chromatid exchange is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3187 publications have been published within this topic receiving 90029 citations. The topic is also known as: replication-born DSB repair by SCE & GO:1990414.

Analyses of sister-chromatid exchange and cell-cycle kinetics in mouse T- and B-lymphocytes from peripheral blood cultures.

Abstract: A reliable mouse peripheral blood lymphocyte culture assay has been developed for sister-chromatid exchange analysis. Crucial aspects for optimal mitogenesis include: (1) the addition of 5 × 105 leucocytes/ml culture; (2) the use of animals with leucocyte counts from 5 to 7 × 106/ml; and (3) the addition of 6% mouse plasma for the first 24 h of a total 54-h incubation. When 7 μg phytohemagglutinin/ml were used to stimulate T-lymphocytes, the mitotic index was 3.4 ± 0.3%, 28 ± 2.3% of the metaphases were in first-division, and the SCE frequency/metaphase was 7.3 ± 0.2 (n = 14 mice). When B-lymphocytes were stimulated with 60 μg lipopolysaccharide/ml, the mitotic index was 4.5 ± 0.3%, 64 ± 3.3% of the metaphases were in first-division, and the SCE frequency/metaphase was 4.6 ± 0.1 (n = 7 mice). This culture method consistently yields sufficient numbers of the metaphases from both B- and T-lymphocytes for SCE and chromosome-breakage studies.

Sister chromatid exchange analysis in lung and peripheral blood lymphocytes of mice exposed to methyl isocyanate by inhalation

Abstract: Mice were exposed to 1, 3, or 6 ppm methyl isocyanate (MIC) for 6 hr/day for four consecutive days. Lung cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) were removed and cultured for analysis of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and cell cycle kinetics. MIC caused a small but significant increase in SCE frequency of cultured lung cells from mice exposed to 1, 3, or 6 ppm MIC. MIC did not significantly increase SCE levels in PBLs of mice exposed to concentrations as high as 6 ppm. In cultured PBLs, MIC had a stimulatory effect on cell cycling rates as measured by the replicative index, and it caused a significant reduction in mononuclear leucocyte counts and the mitotic indices.

Effect of borax on immune cell proliferation and sister chromatid exchange in human chromosomes

Abstract: Borax is used as a food additive. It becomes toxic when accumulated in the body. It causes vomiting, fatigue and renal failure. The heparinized blood samples from 40 healthy men were studied for the impact of borax toxicity on immune cell proliferation (lymphocyte proliferation) and sister chromatid exchange in human chromosomes. The MTT assay and Sister Chromatid Exchange (SCE) technic were used in this experiment with the borax concentrations of 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.6 mg/ml. It showed that the immune cell proliferation (lymphocyte proliferation) was decreased when the concentrations of borax increased. The borax concentration of 0.6 mg/ml had the most effectiveness to the lymphocyte proliferation and had the highest cytotoxicity index (CI). The borax concentrations of 0.15, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.6 mg/ml significantly induced sister chromatid exchange in human chromosomes (P < 0.05). Borax had effects on immune cell proliferation (lymphocyte proliferation) and induced sister chromatid exchange in human chromosomes. Toxicity of borax may lead to cellular toxicity and genetic defect in human.

The effect of sulfhydryl compounds on sister-chromatid exchanges

Abstract: We examined the SH compounds glutathione (GSH), cysteine (CYS), cysteamine (MEA) and 2-mercaptoethanol (MET) with regard to their capacity for inducing SCEs. Whereas cysteamine and 2-mercaptoethanol increased the SCE frequency, this did not happen with glutathione and cysteine. By a comparative analysis of oxidized forms and structurally analogous compounds, it was confirmed that the induction of SCEs has no connection with the reducing property of the SH compounds. These findings are discussed in terms of other cytogenetic effects produced by SH compounds and the possible causes responsible for the induction of SCEs by SH compounds.