Topic
Sister chromatid exchange
About: Sister chromatid exchange is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3187 publications have been published within this topic receiving 90029 citations. The topic is also known as: replication-born DSB repair by SCE & GO:1990414.
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TL;DR: It is reported that although BP did cause an increase in SCEs in test animals, the extent of this increase did not differ between the inducible C57BL/6 mice and the uninducible DBA/2 mice, reinforcing the idea that other metabolic steps, such as detoxification or DNA repair, may influence the overall genetic impact of a drug.
Abstract: Genetic differences in the inducible arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase (EC 1.14.14.2) (AHH) system, which is involved in the multi-step metabolism of hydrocarbons, are known to exist in both humans and mice1–6. However, the predictive value of AHH activity in human or murine tissues, assayed as benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylation, as an index of individual susceptibility to mutagens and carcinogens, remains unclear5–8 because of apparent inconsistencies between results obtained from different in vitro and in vivo systems. This situation may in part reflect the complexity of the pathways involved in drug metabolism, which combine both activation and detoxification. To determine the relationship of metabolic potential to an easily quantified, short-term in vivo end point of genetic damage, we compared the ability of AHH inducible and uninducible mice to metabolize a procarcinogen, benzo(a)pyrene (BP), with the in vivo induction by BP of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs). SCE induction has been shown to correlate with mutagensis9,10. We report here that although BP did cause an increase in SCEs in test animals, the extent of this increase did not differ between the inducible C57BL/6 mice and the uninducible DBA/2 mice. Moreover, prior exposure to an AHH inducer, 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC), did not increase the number of BP-induced SCEs in C57BL/6 mice. This lack of correlation between benzo(a) pyrene hydroxylase (BP-OH) inducibility and SCE response reinforces the idea that other metabolic steps, such as detoxification or DNA repair, may influence the overall genetic impact of a drug.
25 citations
TL;DR: The aim of the present work was to test the in vitro effect of attapulgite on SCE induction and benzo 3-4 pyrene was used to assess the reactivity of mesothelial cells to a known mutagen.
Abstract: Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) quantitation is a sensitive test with which to detect the effects of mutagens and has been used to determine the clastogenic potency of materials such as mineral fibres1-4 Attapulgite fibres are used for many different industrial purposes and their carcinogenic potency needs to be evaluated but until now few data have been available Pott et al found that palykorskite fibres were carcinogenic in rats5 and Wagner reported that attapulgite from Spain induced mesotheliomas when injected into the pleural cavity of Fischer 344 rats6; short attapulgite fibres did not increase the inci dence of tumours7 The aim of the present work was to test the in vitro effect of attapulgite on SCE induction Since pleural mesothelial cells are target cells in fibre related dis eases, the test was performed on rat cell cultures and the effects were compared with those obtained with crocidolite fibres In addition, benzo 3-4 pyrene (BP) was used to assess the reactivity of mesothelial cells to a known mutagen
25 citations
TL;DR: SCE and SCGE can be used successfully to monitor DNA damage in women with ovarian cancer and showed a significant difference in the number of damaged cells.
25 citations
TL;DR: Sister chromatid exchange was evaluated in peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured from normal subjects, fragile X carrier females, and fragile X affected males and in general did not differ among all subjects whether cells were grown in thymidine-deficient or complete medium, but at the Xq27 site, SCE was significantly increased for fragileX affected males.
Abstract: Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) was evaluated in peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured from normal subjects, fragile X carrier females, and fragile X affected males and in general did not differ among all subjects whether cells were grown in thymidine-deficient or complete medium. However, at the Xq27 site, SCE was significantly increased for fragile X affected males, particularly in cells grown in thymidine-deficient medium.
25 citations
TL;DR: Chromosome aberrations, micronuclei, and sister chromatid exchanges were evaluated in cultured lymphocytes of coke oven workers of an Italian steel industry plant, occupationally exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and in a group of unexposed controls from a non-oven plant in the same area.
25 citations