Situation awareness

About: Situation awareness is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7380 publications have been published within this topic receiving 108695 citations. The topic is also known as: SA & situational awareness.

Recommendations Supporting Situation Awareness in Partially Automated Driver Assistance Systems

Abstract: It is believed that automated driving is able to fulfill the demand for comfort and safety in traffic. Recent developments have been able to take over all parts of the driving task in specific situations. However, it remains to the driver to monitor the system's behavior upon errors and to intervene in the case of critical situations. On account of the automation, the driver may not be able to overlook the whole situation in the same way he would do while driving manually. In addition to that, the driver's motivation to perform secondary tasks while being driven enhances these challenges. The research activities presented in this paper are concentrated on the development and the evaluation of certain human–machine interface (HMI) mechanisms. It is hypothesized that such mechanisms have a positive impact on driver's situation awareness (SA) and resulting driving safety (DS). The evaluation of these mechanisms occurred in a driving simulator study. Based on the evaluation results, a system presenting the secondary task's display in the vehicle's head-up display is proposed. Thereby, the driver is expected to be able to keep the vehicle's environment in his peripheral field of view without being distracted too much. At the same time, relevant elements to operate the secondary task should be located on the steering wheel. This is expected to reduce the time needed for steering reactions, as drivers keep at least one hand on the steering wheel. The results suggest that such a system design appears reasonable in order to enhance driver's SA and DS while driving partially automated.

A platform for situational awareness in operational BI

Abstract: Enterprises are being swamped with data, and much of it is unstructured in origin. As these data volumes for unstructured data increase, there is a need to extract more value from them. For the purpose of gaining business insight, besides traditional text mining, we need capabilities to correlate unstructured data emanating from different sources. An important instance of this is the capability to correlate streaming unstructured web data with internal document data in near real time, which can give enterprises significant tremendous competitive advantage by enabling them to be aware of external events that can affect their business operations. This situational awareness gives business managers the opportunity to make informed operational decisions before it is too late. SIE-OBI is a platform being developed at HP Labs that responds to this need. In this paper, we describe SIE-OBI and illustrate its use via an application that provides awareness of events described in news articles that could affect the contracts of an enterprise. We present the main components of the platform architecture and illustrate their functionality to our contractual situational awareness scenario.

Implications of reduced involvement in en route air traffic control.

Abstract: : The expansion of the National Route Program will allow airlines to be more flexible in filing and amending flight plans This may result in a change in the role of the air traffic control specialist from direct control to a position with more monitoring responsibilities This change may result in a reduction of situation awareness, memory and vigilance This experiment investigated the effect of moving a controller from the current active control to a monitoring position It examined the effect of the change in involvement and task load by measuring eye movements, workload, situation awareness, system performance, controller performance ratings, organization of information in memory, and responses to questionnaires Controllers received training on a generic en route airspace, the Genera High sector, during four practice simulations of 40 minutes each They then worked four 30-minute experimental scenarios Results indicated that controllers showed a less structured scanning pattern under high task load and active involvement conditions Measured workload correlated well with traffic volume Under monitoring conditions, controllers perceived lower workload Controller situation awareness was lower under monitoring conditions and decreased further with an increase in task load Controllers perceived that their situation awareness did not change between active control and passive monitoring The decrease in situation awareness warrants careful examination of the need for training and assistance of controllers for situations where they no longer function in the current active control position

Situation Awareness and Driving Performance in a Simulated Navigation Task

Abstract: This study investigated the effect of varying reliability of in-vehicle navigation aids on driver situation awareness (SA) and performance. Twenty participants drove a virtual car and navigated a large virtual suburb. Participants were required to follow traffic signs and navigation directions from one of two sources: a human aid via a cell phone or an automated aid presented on a laptop display. The aids operated under three different levels of reliability (100%, 80% and 60%). A control condition was also used in which each aid presented a telemarketing survey and participants navigated using a map. Results revealed perfect navigation information to improve driving performance and SA for strategic behaviors, as compared to unreliable information and the control condition. This work demonstrates in-vehicle automation may mediate linkages of levels of SA to specific driving behaviors and associated actions. This is represented through a transactional model of driver SA.

Employing local, opportunistic automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) information processed by an unmanned aerial vehicle ground control station to augment other source “knowledge” of local aircraft position information for improving situational awareness

Abstract: A system and method are provided for employing local, opportunistic Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) information to augment other source “knowledge” of local aircraft position information for improving situational awareness in areas lacking ADS-B coverage provided by other aircraft control agencies including the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), other Civil Aviation Authorities (CAAs), and/or other Air Traffic Control (ATC) entities. Locally-received, e.g., in a vicinity of a UAV or sUAS, ADS-B positional information is received by a UAV, sUAS or associated ground control station and integrated on a display component of the ground control station, e.g., a pilot display, for the UAV or sUAS. Received positional information is forwarded to other interested users/systems, including those associated with agencies or entities in overall tactical, operational or surveillance control of a particular area of operations, as appropriate as an integrated situational awareness map display picture.