Topic
Situational ethics
About: Situational ethics is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4023 publications have been published within this topic receiving 145379 citations.
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TL;DR: The role demographic, personality, and situational factors play in the ethical decision-making process has received a significant amount of attention (Ford and Richardson, 1994) as discussed by the authors, however, the empirical research on students' decisions to engage in collegiate cheating has not been included in this literature.
Abstract: The role demographic, personality, and situational factors play in the ethical decision making process has received a significant amount of attention (Ford and Richardson, 1994). However, the empirical research on students' decisions to engage in collegiate cheating has not been included in this literature. This paper reviews the last 25 years of empirical research on collegiate cheating. The individual/situational factor typology from Ford and Richardson's review (1994) is used to compare the two literatures. In addition, issues pertaining to the quantification of academic dishonesty, the perception that cheating is increasing, and methodological considerations are addressed in this review.
345 citations
TL;DR: Empirical evidence from two multi-year, user study projects indicate that convenience is a factor for making choices in a variety of situations, including both academic information seeking and everyday-life information seeking, although it plays different roles in different situations.
339 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of situational and individual variables on individuals' intentions to act unethically were investigated using a 2 × 2 ×2 × 2 experimental design, and the main effects for all three situational variables and Machiavellianism were investigated.
Abstract: Using a 2 × 2 × 2 experimental design, the effects of situational and individual variables on individuals’ intentions to act unethically were investigated. Specifically examined were three situational variables: (1) quality of the work experience (good versus poor), (2) peer influences (unethical versus ethical), and (3) managerial influences (unethical versus ethical), and three individual variables: (4) locus of control, (5) Machiavellianism, and (6) gender, on individuals’ behavioral intentions in an ethically ambiguous dilemma in an work setting. Experiment 1 revealed main effects for quality of work experience, Machiavellianism, locus of control, and an interaction effect for peer influences and managerial influences. Experiment 2 showed main effects for all three situational variables and Machiavellianism. Neither experiment supported gender differences. Limitations, future research, and implications for management are discussed.
336 citations
TL;DR: Staw et al. as discussed by the authors found that the positive relationship between abusive supervision and organizational deviance was stronger when authoritarian management style was low (high situational uncertainty) rather than high (low situational uncertainty). No significant interaction effect was found on interpersonal deviance.
333 citations
TL;DR: Risman as discussed by the authors argued that there is a pervasive gender structure determining gendered behaviors and relationships between the sexes that is social in origin; gendered behavior results from actors meeting situational expectations, not from socialization; elimination of differences and reversal of roles in the family are possible and desirable; and socialization in egalitarian or single-parent families has no detrimental effect on children.
Abstract: Gender Vertigo: American Families in Transition. Barbara Risman. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. 1998. 189 pp. ISBN 0-300-07215-5. $25.00 cloth. This work is a mix of feminist gender arguments, extensive literature reviews, and empirical research directed toward eliminating gender inequality. Readers who hold feminist views will find strong arguments and consistent presentations for most of the book. Readers not sympathetic to the uncritical social construction of gender and the easy dismissal of contemporary sociological and psychological research indicating biological underlays for sex differences will be less persuaded. The major propositions are: There is a pervasive gender structure determining gendered behaviors and relationships between the sexes that is social in origin; gendered behavior results from actors meeting situational expectations, not from socialization; elimination of differences and reversal of roles in the family are possible and desirable; and socialization in egalitarian or single-parent families has no detrimental effect on children. Three different data sets and four analyses are presented to test these propositions. The reporting of the quantitative and qualitative research is characterized by careful, honest, and open discussion of the limitations of samples and designs and of the limited amount of variance actually explained. On the other hand, the relationships among theory, hypotheses, and specific evidence, and between results and conclusions are neither clearly explicated nor tightly drawn. The first proposition is not directly tested and is not directly germane to the reported analyses. The second and third are elevated in two studies. In the first, the effect of parental circumstances on mothering by women and men is examined. Mothering is measured by housework (the degree to which the parent takes responsibility for carrying out the various aspects of housework), intimacy with children (sharing emotions and concerns), and affection (spending time with and showing physical affection for children). A clearly nonrandom, recruited volunteer sample is classified in terms of parenting: primary (reluctant single fathers; single mothers; homemakers), shared (both spouses with full-time jobs), and traditional fathers (the comparison group for the preceding). The results are not inconsistent with the general proposition but do not clearly support the uniqueness of the situational explanation. Primary parenting is related to taking responsibility for housework, but is not related to affection nor to intimacy and only for males. Sex is related to both housework and affection, femininity is the best predictor of intimacy. The author argues that these results, combined with other replicating research, lead to the conclusion men can mother as well as women. …
329 citations