Topic
Situational ethics
About: Situational ethics is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4023 publications have been published within this topic receiving 145379 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the relationship between the situational factors an employee faces and the referents they use when comparing their work to other employees' work, and found that the relationship was not as strong as the relationship reported in this paper.
Abstract: In this article the authors discuss research they conducted that examined the relationship between the situational factors an employee faces and the referents they use when comparing their work to ...
154 citations
01 Jan 2009
TL;DR: It is argued, both from a theoretical (Situational Action Theory) and methodological (homogeneity of environmental conditions) point of view, that small environmental units are preferable to large in the study of environment affects on crime.
Abstract: In this chapter we argue, both from a theoretical (Situational Action Theory) and methodological(homogeneity of environmental conditions) point of view, that smallenvironmental units are preferable to large in the study of environmentaleffects on crime
154 citations
TL;DR: This paper argued that adults' motivation should not be regarded as something residing within the individual, but rather a construct of those who see it lacking in others, and argued that motivation should be seen as a relational concept, rather than as residing within an individual.
Abstract: Adults' motivation to participate in continued education is of immediate interest, as lifelong learning is now considered as the solution to the pressing problems of increased levels of unemployment, not least among unskilled workers. Many theories concerning motivation and adult education maintain that individuals are innately motivated to learn, and conclude that motivation problems result from various dispositional, situational and structural impediments. If such barriers are removed, adults will be naturally motivated to educate themselves. This article argues against these theories and maintains that motivation should not be regarded as something residing within the individual. It is rather a construct of those who see it lacking in others. A critical reading of the literature shows how motivation theory stigmatizes people held ‘unmotivated’ in that the theories ascribe motivation problems to the individual, while assuming the basis upon which the problem is formulated for granted, and making those who formulate the problem invisible. Instead of a problem solver, motivation becomes a euphemism for direction and control. This article suggests that motivation should be seen as a relational concept, rather than as residing within the individual. Adults' motivation, or lack of this, is best understood in relation to those who formulate the problem. Instead of asking what motivates adults to study, research should focus on who states that this is a problem, and why, and the reasons for this conclusion. This approach makes the operations of power visible, and demonstrates how the discourse of lifelong learning, as a necessary political response to economic and technological determinism, constructs adults as inadequate.
151 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the validity of the Situational Outlook Questionnaire (SOQTM) and found that the measure is able to consistently and significantly discriminate between the two types of experiences.
Abstract: This article reports the results of a study conducted to examine the ability of the Situational Outlook Questionnaire (SOQTM) to effectively discern climates that either encourage or discourage creativity and the ability to initiate change in a team setting. The purpose of the study is to examine the concurrent criterion–related validity of the SOQ. The article explores the characteristics in an organisational climate that promote teamwork and some of the tripwires one needs to be aware of in the formation and management of teams. Nine dimensions of the climate for creativity and change as measured by the Situational Outlook Questionnaire are put forward and defined in relation to teams. The methodology and results of the study are reported. The results show that when subjects (N7equals;154) complete the SOQ based on their recollection of a best– and worst–case team experience, the measure is able to consistently and significantly discriminate between the two types of experiences. Conclusions, implications, and areas for future research to further examine the validity of the SOQ are explored.
150 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyze the impacts of "frames" and how the wording of questions affects opinions on the welfare state. And they find that responses to general level questions show a strong commitment to altruistic values; in more specific questions, this altruism tends to fade away.
Abstract: This article revolves around driving forces behind human actions: self-interest or the common good. Opinions on social policy give support to both approaches. Man is a Faust, torn by conflicting desires and wants. Which of these will be chosen depends on various situational factors that “frame” choices. By utilizing an opinion survey ( n = 1,117), the study analyzes the impacts of “frames” and how the wording of questions affects opinions on the welfare state. The study displays that: (a) Responses to general level questions show a strong commitment to altruistic values; in more specific questions, this altruism tends to fade away, (b) Frames referring to altruistic norms, self interest, and additional information given in the questionnaire have decisive impacts on answers.
150 citations