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Showing papers on "Skills management published in 1978"


Book
01 Jan 1978
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a review of the social skills training approach and the analysis of social behaviour in terms of development and deficiency in social skills: A Review of the Evidence.
Abstract: Part One 1 The Social Skills Training Approach 2 The Analysis of Social Behaviour 3 Development and Deficiency in Social Skills: A Review of the Evidence 4 Changing Social Behaviour 5 Outcome Studies of Skills Training: A Review by John Marzillier Part Two 6 Assessment 7 Training. Author Index. Subject Index.

383 citations


Book
01 Jan 1978

131 citations


01 Jan 1978
TL;DR: "To appear in: Learning strategies / Harry O'Neil (Ed.). New York : Academic Press, 1979."
Abstract: "To appear in: Learning strategies / Harry O'Neil (Ed.). New York : Academic Press, 1979." --T.p.

93 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The study as a whole indicates the need to look more closely at individual patients, both in planning individual treatment and carrying out evaluative research.

35 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a simulated market was developed and used to determine each participating child's level of consumer competence and found that children learn consumer skills by being given opportunities to participate in consumer decision-making and sharing family responsibilities, too little or excessive time spent in market search lessened the chance of obtaining a best buy.
Abstract: This study investigated use of selected consumer skills by children of two ages. A simulated market was developed and used to determine each participating child's level of consumer competence. It was found that (a) children learn consumer skills by being given opportunities to participate in consumer decision-making and sharing family responsibilities, (b) too little or excessive time spent in market search lessened the chance of obtaining a best buy, and (c) although children can and do learn to be consumers early, some skills depend upon maturation and use of education.

33 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a curriculum model for educating the severely handicapped, combining the advantages of the two logics used up to this point in developing curricula: the developmental/cognitive logic and the remedial/behavioral logic.
Abstract: This paper presents the rationale and structure for a curriculum model for educating the severely handicapped. The model combines the advantages of the two logics used up to this point in developing curricula: the developmental/cognitive logic and the remedial/behavioral logic. It provides for sequencing of skills to be taught across and within levels of difficulty and across six content domains: self-help skills, sensory-motor skills, socialization, language skills, academic skills, and vocational preparation. Some preliminary applications of the model are given.

29 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, skills training has been applied to a diverse group of clients, ranging from shy college students to inaprogrammed adults, to identify those behaviors that reflect good social skills.
Abstract: A frequently overlooked element of any rapist or child molester's behavior is his social skills. We know that some sexual aggressives are very adept at interacting socially with a female, expressing themselves to others, requesting others to change their behavior, and accurately empathizing or appreciating the feeling states of others. On the other hand, some sexual aggressives are unable to maintain an adequate social interaction with an adult female, are unable to assert themselves appropriately with others, and, finally, some are cold and indifferent to others' feelings. In the past, these skills deficits have been viewed as characteristic of aggressives, but no formal means of evaluating or treating these deficits was available.In recent years behavioral approaches have begun to identify those behaviors that reflect good social skills. Concomitantly, skills training, a reeducative approach to teaching new skills, has been applied to a diverse group of clients, ranging from shy college students to inap...

29 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Shulman et al. as mentioned in this paper reported the results of worker's practice behavior and effec a four-year project that investigated tiveness and to test the instruments the helping process and examined the for reliability and validity.
Abstract: Lawrence Shulman, Ed.D., is Pro fessor, School of Social Work, Uni versity of British Columbia, Van couver, British Columbia, Canada. This study was supported by the Welfare Grants Directorate, Health and Welfare, Canada, but-, the views expressed are those of the author. Efforts to investigate the effectivecific theoretical frame of reference— ness of social work practice and that the mediating theory developed by of other helping professions have led Schwartz.6 Although the study was not more often than not to frustrating a test of this theory, its constructs results. Fischer's controversial article helped shape the strategies used and on casework reviewed a number of determine which skills were examined, studies of social work and found that However, all the skills generated by in most instances, casework had not this framework can fit comfortably been proved effective.1 Fischer pointed within other theories of the helping out that the treatment variable had process. been poorly defined in many of the The model of the helping process studies. A review of the literature unused in this study is common to many dertaken in connection with the study approaches. Stated simply, the work to be reported in this article supported er's behavior, in interaction with the Fischer's view. Definitions of treatclient, contributes to the development ment included workers' aspirations (to of a working relationship, which is a help clients function in a desirable precondition for effective helping. This way), type of service (marriage counmodel generates a number of impor seling), intensity of service (3.5 contant questions: Which of the worker's tacts per week), or provider of serskills lead to a positive working rela vice (psychoanalyst, psychologist, or tionship? Is the function of some skills social worker).2 The critical variable, primarily to build a relationship often left unexplained, was the spewhereas other skills are helpful after cific interaction between the client and relationships are developed, and still the worker. The studies assumed imothers serve both functions? Will some plicitly that all trained workers dealt skills have a negative impact if used with clients in the same way. before a positive relationship is de Before the effectiveness of practice veloped? can be judged accurately, it is necesThese questions, which explore the sary to clearly define and measure the internal dynamics of the model of the practice being evaluated. However, helping process, were the focus of efforts to focus on the skills of social this study. Specifically, it examined the workers are not numerous in the literaassociations between the independent ture, although there is some evidence variable, specific skill of social work that this line of inquiry might be proers, and the two dependent variables, ductive.3 For example, research in the the relationship between worker and field of psychotherapy has identified client and the worker's helpfulness, specific behaviors, such as empathy, relevant self-disclosure by the thera pist, and facilitative confrontation, QUESTIONNAIRES that appear to positively affect outThe first phase of the study was to comes.4 develop instruments to measure the This article reports the results of worker's practice behavior and effec a four-year project that investigated tiveness and to test the instruments the helping process and examined the for reliability and validity. The Social relationship between the helping proWorker Behavior Questionnaire was fessional's behavior in an interview designed to obtain feedback from the and the results of his or her efforts.5 client on the frequency with which the Varying elements in the helping proworker made use of 27 specific skills, cess are introduced by the profeswhich were chosen using the theoreti sional's function, by the purpose of Cal framework guiding the study, the encounter, and by the specific serThese skills were translated into ques vice that the setting offers. However, tionnaire items using terms that cli this researcher believes a single underents could understand. For example, lying process operates in all helping the skill of "holding to focus" ap relationships, and it is this process the peared on the questionnaire as fol study sought to examine. lows: "When I began to discuss a The project was guided by a speparticular concern (for example, my

27 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Compared 11 probationers with a history of psychiatric referral to a randomly selected group of unemployed persons from the State Unemployment Office in a number of job interview assessment situations; the skills training group obtained employment more frequently than did the incentive group.
Abstract: Compared 11 probationers with a history of psychiatric referral to a randomly selected group of unemployed persons from the State Unemployment Office in a number of job interview assessment situations. The probationers were rated as less skillful and also rated themselves as less likely to obtain employment than did the control Ss. After this pretest, the probationers were assigned to one of two treatment groups in which either monetary incentives for job interviews were provided or a skills training program was initiated. Posttest scores indicated that the skills program was most effective in changing behavioral and cognitive responses. These results generalized during the follow-up period; the skills training group obtained employment more frequently than did the incentive group. Implications for training critical skill deficits are discussed in terms of a response acquisition model.

20 citations



Book ChapterDOI
Pierre Oléron1
01 Jan 1978
TL;DR: The use of the expression "cognitive skills" implies several presuppositions whose explanation can be useful for what follows as discussed by the authors, which is the case of many of the assumptions in this paper.
Abstract: The use of the expression “cognitive skills” implies several presuppositions whose explanation can be useful for what follows.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the Communication Skills Workshop (CSW) aims at improving communication and problem-solving skills within the context of relationships, and serves couples prior to the onset of serious relationship discord and focuses on the learning of general communication skills and problem solving strategies rather than the amelioration of specific relationship conflicts.
Abstract: This article reports on the initial development and evaluation of a group skill-training program for couples. The program, entitled the Communication Skills Workshop (CSW), aims at improving communication and problem-solving skills within the context of relationships. The orientation of the CSW is preventive and educational in that it (a) serves couples prior to the onset of serious relationship discord, and (b) focuses on the learning of general communication skills and problem-solving strategies rather than the amelioration of specific relationship conflicts.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper examined the effects of proper positioning and prosthetic equipment on the acquisition of selected self-feeding skills with a young cerebral palsy child and developed evaluation strategies and procedures that could be easily employed by a teacher or parent in a classroom or home setting.
Abstract: The purposes of this study were to examine the effects of proper positioning and prosthetic equipment on the acquisition of selected self-feeding skills with a young cerebral palsy child and to develop evaluation strategies and procedures that could be easily employed by a teacher or parent in a classroom or home setting. The normal developing sequence of feeding skills was used as a guide in designing the training program. Results indicated that, through proper positioning and the use of adaptive equipment, the child was able to move his arms in a manner that allowed him to begin self-feeding with minimal assistance from the staff.



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors make a mistake that is being made in some parts of the country, where persons are still talking about whether we should go metric, as are the days for discussing whether or not our current mathematics programs are modern or whether they never really changed... whether today's students are as good as those of thirty years ago.
Abstract: Enough has probably been written about the return to basic skills in mathematics. In the past year hardly a day went by that somewhere in the country a newspaper, magazine, the television, or radio did not call attention to some aspect of this move ment. The professional organizations con cerned have spent many hours and pages of print addressing themselves to the current situation. Some fine reports with fairly clear, if not easy, recommendations have been developed and published. All of this has been necessary and good, but let us not spend the next two years assessing and reassessing the status of mathematics. Let us not repeat the mistake that is being made in some parts of the country, where persons are still talking about whether we should go metric. The days for that discussion are behind us, as are the days for discussing whether or not our current mathematics programs are modern or whether they never really changed . . . whether today's students are as good as those of thirty years ago . . . whether we should teach the metric system to today's elementary school children . . . whether to allow our students to be ex posed to the minicalculator. All these questions, it seems, are beside the point. One can argue, appoint com mittees to investigate, and spend any pre determined amount of money pursuing ei ther side of the argument, but the facts are these: our high school graduates are not as prepared mathematically as the public thinks they should be; today's elementary pupils will live most of their lives in a met ric world; and minicalculators are already in 75 percent of American households. We in mathematics education must address these issues. Since July 1976, a project has been under way in Roanoke Rapids, which is attempt ing to address these concerns honestly. The project, "Identifying and Teaching Mathe matical Skills," is funded by Title IV-C; it is charged with these responsibilities:

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The process and procedures of determining generic occupational skills and clusters of occupations for optimal occupational training needs is presented and training and curricular implications were explored.








Journal Article
TL;DR: The air of crisis over writing abilities can be thought of as part of a tradition of complaint that runs throughout educational history: college professors and businessmen periodically bemoan the lowering of standards, pundits and journalists lament the passing of civilized life as they know it as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Teachers and administrators threatened by the current uproar over writing abilities can take comfort: The air of crisis is temporary. Like all previous crises, this one will pass, leaving behind only a layer of superficial changes before it disappears. It can best be thought of as part of a tradition of complaint that runs throughout educational history: College professors and businessmen periodically bemoan the lowering of standards, pundits and journalists lament the passing of civilized life as they know it, and schools defend themselves by pointing to outside influences over which they have no control. Consider these two professors' complaints:

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors described the development and experience with a management skills development laboratory as an alternative mode of providing 1st-year practical instruction for graduate students in social work, and examined several forms of field practice instruction.
Abstract: This article describes the development of and experience with a management skills development laboratory as an alternative mode of providing 1st-yearpracticum instruction for graduate students in social work Several forms of field practice instruction are examined, the literature in field practice in management is discussed, and a model for laboratory instruction is explicated Findings after the 1st year of using the laboratory method of skill training reveal that (a) it is expensive, (b) it is demanding of faculty time, (c) student selection for the laboratory requires much attention to student learning capabilities, and (d) the laboratory is at best a simulated practice arena, but the laboratory provides an excellent learning arena for students who learn from peers, who learn under pressure, and who relate easily to several instructors Further, the laboratory offers excellent opportunities to use a wide range of teaching methodologies, to expose students to management situations that they might not e


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a survey was developed to determine the nature of the programs and courses intechnology transfer now in existence in the United States and found that technology transfer is studied as a combination of the history of science and technology, management, information science, and communication.
Abstract: This survey was developed to determine the nature of the programs and courses intechnology transfer now in existence in the United States. A pilot study approach was used, without operationalizing a definition, to avoid excluding possible technology transfer activities. Results indicate twenty colleges and universities offering courses in a wide range of academic settings including engineering, business, psychology, sociology, political science, environmental studies and agriculture. With the majority of respondents, technology transfer is studied as a combination of the history of science and technology, management, information science, and communication. In this sense, it appears to be an interdisciplinary study with a strong direction toward communication protocols, and management skills as primary outcomes.