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Sleep disorder

About: Sleep disorder is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 19380 publications have been published within this topic receiving 884281 citations. The topic is also known as: somnipathy & non-organic sleep disorder.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results are consistent with the view that a dysregulation of the REM sleep control system, particularly phasic event generation, may be involved in the pathogenesis of PTSD.

211 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Aug 2009-Sleep
TL;DR: Narcolepsy without cataplexy can be caused by a partial loss of hypocretin cells, and elevated levels of gliosis with GFAP staining were found in the anterior, dorsomedial, or dorsal hypothalamus.
Abstract: STANDARD NOSOLOGY CLASSIFIES PATIENTS WHO HAVE SHORT SLEEP LATENCY AND ≥ 2 SLEEP ONSET REM SLEEP PERIODS ON THE MULTIPLE SLEEP LATENCY test as narcoleptic1 Under this definition, more than a quarter of those classified as narcoleptic do not have cataplexy2,3 The intensity of cataplexy in patients classified as having narcolepsy with cataplexy varies greatly: it is the most debilitating symptom in a few patients, causing total loss of muscle tone and consequent collapse several times a day; it occurs rarely and causes only transient weakness of the facial musculature in others4 Narcolepsy with cataplexy has been shown to be characterized by a loss of the hypocretin (orexin) peptide and of the cells generating this peptide5–8 All human narcoleptic brains we have examined have some surviving hypocretin cells with approximately normal morphology9 Unfortunately, collection of the brains of human narcoleptics has been largely limited to patients with cataplexy We now present data from an analysis of the complete hypothalamus of one patient with narcolepsy without cataplexy (patient 1), data from a second narcolepsy without cataplexy patient from which we received only anterior hypothalamic tissue (patient 2), 5 narcolepsy with cataplexy patients, and 6 normal individuals

211 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The risk of an ischaemia stroke is increased in men whose sleep is frequently disturbed, and daytime sleepiness is associated with a significant increase in ischaemic heart disease events.
Abstract: Objective: To test the hypothesis that sleep disorders are relevant to the risk of ischaemic stroke and ischaemic heart disease events in older men. Design: A cohort study. Setting: The Caerphilly cohort, a representative population sample of older men in South Wales, UK. Participants: 1986 men aged 55–69 years completed a questionnaire on sleep patterns with help from their partners. This asked about symptoms of disturbed sleep: insomnia, snoring, restless legs, obstructive sleep apnoea, and about daytime sleepiness. During the following 10 years 107 men experienced an ischaemic stroke and 213 had an ischaemic heart disease event. Main results: Up to one third of the men reported at least one symptom suggestive of sleep disturbance, and one third reported daytime sleepiness. Compared with men who reported no such symptoms, the adjusted relative odds of an ischaemic stroke were significantly increased in men with any sleep disturbance, the strongest association being with sleep apnoea (relative odds 1.97; 1.26 to 3.09). The association with daytime sleepiness was not significant for stroke. Relations with ischaemic heart disease events were all raised in men with symptoms of sleep disturbance, but none was significant, other than daytime sleepiness (relative odds: 1.41; 1.04 to 1.92). There were no significant relations with blood pressure. Conclusion: The risk of an ischaemic stroke is increased in men whose sleep is frequently disturbed, and daytime sleepiness is associated with a significant increase in ischaemic heart disease events.

211 citations

Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: Similarities between the results from these two groups suggest that sleep specific psychotherapeutic methods, which are established for treating insomnia, should be further developed for the use in patients with insomnia and tinnitus.
Abstract: Sleep problems are common in individuals with tinnitus but it is not known if they can be seen as a reaction to the acoustic percept of tinnitus disturbing normal sleep, or if there are common causes. Sleep problems further impair the quality of life of individuals with tinnitus and the impairment correlates with the severity of the tinnitus. However the nature of the relationship between tinnitus and disturbed sleep in individuals with tinnitus is not clearly understood. Preliminary studies suggest that chronically disturbed sleep (insomnia) in individuals with tinnitus that is not caused by organic disorders exists unrelated to the tinnitus. We studied the relationship between tinnitus and insomnia in a retrospective sleep study of 13 hospitalized patients with insomnia and tinnitus. Patients with sleep apnea, periodic leg movements, or a severe psychiatric disorder were excluded. We collected physiologic sleep measures (EEG, EOG, EMG, and respiration) and subjective sleep information from a morning protocol during two nights. We also obtained information about performance in sustained attention tasks and the scores of self-rated depression scale and self-rated daytime-tiredness scale. Thirteen age- and sex-matched inpatients with primary insomnia who did not have tinnitus served as controls. There were no significant differences between the physiologic data obtained in patients with tinnitus and in the controls. Both groups had low sleep efficiency but the patients with both insomnia and tinnitus had longer subjective sleep latencies than insomnia patients without tinnitus (controls). No differences were found in sustained attention tasks, subjective daytime tiredness, and depression rating scores between the two groups. Similarities between the results from these two groups suggest that sleep specific psychotherapeutic methods, which are established for treating insomnia, should be further developed for the use in patients with insomnia and tinnitus.

211 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Avi Sadeh1
TL;DR: It is suggested that the two methods may have complementary roles in assessing intervention efficacy in this field, and infant sleep significantly improved during the period of intervention as measured by both actigraphic and parental monitoring.
Abstract: Sleep patterns of 50 infants (aged 9-24 months) with sleep disturbances were studied by using an activity monitor (actigraph) and parental reports during the baseline and intervention periods. Two behavioral intervention methods were used to treat the multiple or prolonged night-waking problems. Infant sleep significantly improved during the period of intervention as measured by both actigraphic and parental monitoring. The discrepancy between parental and actigraphic measures increased over time, as did the number of omitted items from the parental daily logs. The results highlight some of the advantages as well as some of the limitations of actigraphic and parental monitoring of infant sleep, and they suggest that the two methods may have complementary roles in assessing intervention efficacy in this field.

210 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023344
2022644
20211,073
2020954
2019742
2018751