Sleep disorder

About: Sleep disorder is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 19380 publications have been published within this topic receiving 884281 citations. The topic is also known as: somnipathy & non-organic sleep disorder.

Left ventricular function in children with sleep-disordered breathing.

Abstract: Severe obstructive sleep apnea in children leads to congestive heart failure. We studied the early changes in left ventricular function across a range of severity of the disorder. A dose-dependent decrease in diastolic function with increased severity of obstructive apnea was demonstrated.

Electroencephalographic sleep abnormalities in schizophrenia. Relationship to positive/negative symptoms and prior neuroleptic treatment.

Abstract: Polysomnographic abnormalities in schizophrenia are not well characterized and their associations with schizophrenic symptomatology have not been adequately assessed. To address these issues, we recorded electroencephalographic sleep in 20 drug-naive schizophrenics, 20 drug-free but previously medicated schizophrenics, and 15 normal controls. Drug-naive and previously medicated patients had significantly greater impairment of sleep continuity and shorter rapid eye movement latency when compared with controls. In the previously medicated group, findings were significantly influenced by duration of drug-free status. Rapid eye movement latency was inversely correlated with the severity of negative symptoms (r = -.52) but was unrelated to depressive symptoms. Slow-wave sleep did not differ between schizophrenic patients and normal controls and was unrelated to any clinical parameter. Mechanisms underlying the observed associations between rapid eye movement sleep abnormalities and negative symptoms in the acute phase of schizophrenic illness need to be explored.

Sleep Disturbances and Childhood Sexual Abuse

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: This longitudinal, prospective study examined the relationship between childhood sexual abuse and later sleep problems in adolescence while taking into account cooccurring psychopathology that is closely related to sleep disruption e.g., depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHOD: Sleep disturbances in 147 females (78 sexually abused; 69 comparison) were assessed 10 years after disclosure of substantiated abuse. The follow-up protocol included self-report questions regarding typical sleeping patterns and sleep disturbances as well as measures of depression, PTSD, and lifetime victimization histories. RESULTS: Sleep disturbances correlated significantly with both depression and PTSD. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that sexually abused participants reported significantly greater rates of sleep disturbances than comparison participants above and beyond depression and PTSD. Sleep disturbances were related to revictimization rates independent of sexual abuse, depression, and PTSD. CONCLUSIONS: Assessments of sleep disturbances should be integrated into standard of care for adolescents who have experienced sexual abuse. Language: en

Trazodone for antidepressant-associated insomnia.

Abstract: Objective: The authors investigated trazodone as a hypnotic for depressed patients who had persistent, exacerbated, or new insomnia while taking either fluoxetine or bupropion. Method: Seventeen depressed patients who had insomnia while taking fluoxetine or bupropion were given either trazodone or placebo in a double-blind crossover trial. Sleep was assessed by self-report with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the sleep items of the Yale-New Haven Hospital Depressive Symptom Inventory. Results: Improvement with trazodone, but not with placebo, was shown by the total Pittsburgh index scores and Yale-New Haven inventory total sleep scores and by the Pittsburgh index measures of sleep duration and Yale-New Haven inventory measures of early morning awakening, and there was a trend toward improvement in the Yale-New Haven inventory item regarding middle of the night awakenings. Subjective sleep quality and sleep latency also showed a trend toward improvement, but the Pittsburgh index measures of sleep efficiency and disturbances and the Yale-New Haven inventory item regarding difficulty falling asleep were unaffected by trazodone. One patient dropped out because of excessive daytime sedation with trazodone, and another dropped out because of nonresponse to placebo. Of the completers, 67% experienced overall improvement in sleep with trazodone according to a priori criteria, whereas only 13% experienced improvement with placebo. Conclusions: Trazodone is an effective hypnotic for patients with antidepressant-associated insomnia.

Insomnia and Sleep Duration in a Large Cohort of Patients With Major Depressive Disorder and Anxiety Disorders

Abstract: Objective: Disturbed sleep has a high impact on daily functioning and has been correlated with psychopathology. We investigated the extent to which insomnia and sleep duration were associated with both current and remitted depressive and anxiety disorders in a large-scale epidemiologic study, taking sociodemographics, health factors, and medication use into account. Method: Data of 2,619 individuals from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA) were analyzed. Psychopathology was classified as no, current, or remitted DSM-IV-based diagnosis of major depressive or anxiety disorder. Outcome measures were insomnia (Women's Health Initiative Insomnia Rating Scale score >= 9) and sleep duration ( Results: Both current and remitted depressive disorder and current anxiety disorder were associated with insomnia and short sleep duration with odds ratios (ORs) for insomnia ranging from 1.42 to 3.23 and for short sleep duration ranging from 1.41 to 2.53. Associations were stronger for current than for remitted diagnoses and stronger for depressive than for anxiety disorders. Also long sleep duration was associated with current depressive disorder and anxiety disorders (OR range, 1.53-2.66). Sociodemographic factors, health indicators, and psychotropic medication use did contribute to sleep outcomes but could not explain much of the psychopathology and sleep associations. Conclusion: Depressive disorder but also anxiety disorder is strongly associated with sleep disturbances. Insomnia and short sleep duration persist after remittance of these disorders, suggesting that these are residual symptoms or possibly trait markers. Also, long sleep duration is associated with current depressive or anxiety disorders. J Clin Psychiatry 2010;71(3):239-246 (C) Copyright 2010 Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc.