Sleep disorder

About: Sleep disorder is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 19380 publications have been published within this topic receiving 884281 citations. The topic is also known as: somnipathy & non-organic sleep disorder.

Severity of REM atonia loss in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder predicts Parkinson disease

Abstract: Background: Over 50% of persons with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) will develop Parkinson disease (PD) or dementia. At present, there is no way to predict who will develop disease. Since polysomnography is performed in all patients with idiopathic RBD at diagnosis, there is an opportunity to analyze if baseline sleep variables predict eventual neurodegenerative disease. Methods: In a longitudinally studied cohort of patients with idiopathic RBD, we identified those who had developed neurodegenerative disease. These patients were matched by age, sex, and follow-up duration to patients with RBD who remained disease-free and to controls. Polysomnographic variables at baseline (i.e., before development of neurodegenerative disease) were compared between groups. Results: Twenty-six patients who developed neurodegenerative disease were included (PD 12, multiple system atrophy 1, dementia 13). The interval between polysomnogram and disease onset was 6.7 years, mean age was 69.5, and 81% were male. There were no differences between groups in sleep latency, sleep time, % stages 2–4, % REM sleep, or sleep efficiency. However, patients with idiopathic RBD who developed neurodegenerative disease had increased tonic chin EMG activity during REM sleep at baseline compared to those who remained disease-free (62.7 ± 6.0% vs 41.0 ± 6.0%, p = 0.020). This effect was seen only in patients who developed PD (72.9 ± 6.0% vs 41.0 ± 6.0%, p = 0.002), and not in those who developed dementia (54.3 ± 10.3, p = 0.28). There was no difference in phasic submental REM EMG activity between groups. Conclusions: In patients with REM sleep behavior disorder initially free of neurodegenerative disease, the severity of REM atonia loss on baseline polysomnogram predicts the development of Parkinson disease.

The role of sleep in pain and fibromyalgia

Abstract: Fibromyalgia symptoms include nonrestorative sleep and fatigue, and patients with fibromyalgia have showed reduced short-wave sleep and abnormal α-rhythms, which are suggestive of poor-quality sleep. Conversely, sleep deprivation in healthy individuals can cause symptoms of fibromyalgia and is a risk factor for developing chronic widespread pain. In this Review, Choy describes pain pathways that have been associated with sleep deprivation, and explores the hypothesis that sleep dysfunction is a pathogenic stimulus of fibromyalgia.

Impact of sleep disturbances in inflammatory bowel disease.

Abstract: Background: Normal sleep is paramount for a healthy lifestyle and high quality of life. Sleep modulates the immune system and thus affects the course of several chronic inflammatory conditions. There are no reported studies that address the role of sleep disturbance in the course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to characterize sleep disturbance in IBD using validated measures of sleep and quality of life. Methods: A self-administered, mail-in questionnaire package was sent to 205 subjects after a brief instruction. The questionnaire package was composed of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), a measure of disease severity and the IBD-Quality of Life Questionnaire. A total of 119 subjects were recruited (58% response rate): 80 with inactive IBD, 24 with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and 15 healthy controls. Results: The IBD subjects reported significantly prolonged sleep latency, frequent sleep fragmentation, higher rate of using sleeping pills, decreased day-time energy, increased tiredness and poor overall sleep quality compared to healthy controls. The abnormal sleep patterns in IBD subjects were similar to IBS subjects. The reported sleep quality was correlated with IBD disease severity score (r2 = 0.55, P = 0.02). Both IBD and IBS subjects thought that sleep and their disease status were correlated. Conclusion: The results show that IBD patients have significant sleep disturbance even when their disease is not active. This problem might affect quality of life, gastrointestinal symptoms and coping ability, and might potentially modify disease severity or increase risk of flare-up. Regardless of the primary or secondary origin of this problem, sleep disturbance should be addressed in the clinical management of patients with IBD.

Sleep disturbances and mood disorders: an epidemiologic perspective.

Abstract: Epidemiologic studies of sleep disturbances and mood disorders that may provide more valid estimates of associations between these two conditions than clinical samples due to differential use of health care services. Increasing uniformity of questionnaires to assess sleep disturbances has decreased the variance in estimates of insomnia and hypersomnia within community samples. Women are more likely to report insomnia than men in every age group. There appear to be no clear racial or ethnic differences in rates of insomnia or hypersomnia. Several community-based studies have found that sleep disturbances are powerful risk factors for the development of new episodes of major depression in the following year. Individuals who report insomnia or poor quality sleep may be at higher risk for depression throughout their lifetime. Epidemiologic studies will be useful for developing the long-term perspective on the natural history of sleep disturbances and mood disorders and the consequences of treatment.