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Sleep disorder

About: Sleep disorder is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 19380 publications have been published within this topic receiving 884281 citations. The topic is also known as: somnipathy & non-organic sleep disorder.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results from this pilot study support the need for future research examining the relationship between child sleep disturbances and maternal daytime functioning, and they highlight the importance of screening for and treating pediatric sleep disruptions.
Abstract: Although sleep disturbances in children are common, little is known about the relationship between children's sleep disruptions and maternal sleep and daytime functioning. Forty-seven mothers completed measures of sleep, depression, parenting stress, fatigue, and sleepiness. Significant differences in maternal mood and parenting stress were found between mothers of children with and without significant sleep disturbances. Regression analyses showed that the quality of the children's sleep significantly predicted the quality of maternal sleep. In addition, maternal sleep quality was a significant predictor of maternal mood, stress, and fatigue. Results from this pilot study support the need for future research examining the relationship between child sleep disturbances and maternal daytime functioning, and they highlight the importance of screening for and treating pediatric sleep disruptions.

441 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that those with poorer sleep or daytime sleepiness may be at increased risk of mortality or incident CVD.
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: As part of the baseline examination in the Cardiovascular Health Study, sleep disturbance symptoms including snoring and daytime sleepiness, were assessed as potential risk factors or precipitants of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Because of the association of sleep disturbance with poorer health and the possible associations of sleep apnea with CVD, we hypothesized that those with poorer sleep or daytime sleepiness may be at increased risk of mortality or incident CVD. SETTING: Participants (n = 5888) were recruited in 1989, with an additional minority cohort recruited in 1993, in four US communities for a cohort study designed to evaluate risk factors for cardiovascular disease. METHODS: An interview-administered questionnaire regarding health and sleep habits with ongoing ascertainment of total mortality and cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality, including total CVD morbidity and mortality, incident myocardial infarction, and congestive heart failure. RESULTS: Daytime sleepiness was the only sleep symptom that was significantly associated with mortality in both men and women. The unadjusted hazard ratio was 2.12 (1.66, 2.72) in women and 1.40 (1.12, 1.73) in men. Men who reported difficulty falling asleep also had an increased mortality rate (HR = 1.43 (1.14, 1.80)) which was not seen in women. The risks were attenuated with adjustment for age but remained significant for daytime sleepiness in women (HR = 1.82 (1.42, 2.34)) and for difficulty falling asleep in men. (HR = 1.29 (1.03, 1.63)). Frequent awakenings, early morning awakening, and snoring were not associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality in these older men and women. Crude event rates were evaluated for total incident cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, incident myocardial infarction, and incident congestive heart failure (CHF). Incident CVD rates were higher in both men and women with daytime sleepiness. The aged adjusted HR was 1.35 (95% Cl = 1.03, 1.76) in men and was 1.66 (95% CI = 1.28, 2.16) in women. Incident CVD was not higher in those with any other sleep disturbance including snoring. The risk of CVD events associated with daytime sleepiness was attenuated but remained significant in women after adjustment for age. Incident myocardial infarction (MI) rates were also higher in women with daytime sleepiness but were not significantly higher in men. Incident CHF rates were increased in both men and women with daytime sleepiness. In men, the age adjusted HR was 1.49 (95% CI, 1.12- 1.98) and in women, was 2.21 (95% CI, 1.64-2.98). Women reporting both daytime sleepiness and frequent awakening had a hazard ratio of 2.34 (95% CI, 1.66-3.29) for incident CHF compared with those with daytime sleepiness but without frequent awakening. This interaction was not found in men. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, daytime sleepiness was the only sleep disturbance symptom that was associated with mortality, incident CVD morbidity and mortality, MI, and CHF. These findings were stronger in women than men, i.e., the associations persisted for mortality, CVD, and CHF in women after adjustment for age and other factors. Thus, a report of daytime sleepiness identifies older adults at increased risk for total and cardiovascular mortality, and is an independent risk factor in women.

440 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 1981-Lung
TL;DR: Fifty children and adolescents with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and related breathing disorders during sleep are reviewed; the most common presenting complaint was excessive daytime somnolence; hyperactivity and antisocial behavior also were cited frequently.
Abstract: Fifty children and adolescents with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and related breathing disorders during sleep are reviewed. Subjects were subdivided according to whether their breathing irregularity was secondary to a medical problem (group I) or was the primary complaint (group II). The most common presenting complaint was excessive daytime somnolence; hyperactivity and antisocial behavior also were cited frequently. In 20% of cases, substantial personality changes were reported. Clinical symptoms included failure to thrive, abnormal weight for age, acute cardiac or cardiorespiratory failure, hypertension, and frequent upper airway infections. Continuous, heavy snoring was reported in all cases; disrupted nocturnal sleep, sleep walking, nightmares, and enuresis were common. All subjects, and 22 control patients, were monitored polygraphically during sleep for at least one night. Nocturnal sleep in the reported population was severely disrupted. A complete disappearance of stage 3 NREM sleep was noted in 86% of cases; REM sleep was decreased less. The management of these cases is reviewed. Eight patients received permanent tracheostomies. Thirty children had tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy (three later required tracheostomy). Non-surgical approaches also were used, particularly in group 1. Follow-up on these cases to date is presented.

439 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
24 Dec 1997-JAMA
TL;DR: Benzodiazepines and zolpidem produced reliable improvements in commonly measured parameters of sleep in patients with chronic insomnia, and presented challenges for developing evidence-based guidelines for the use of hypnotics in the management of chronic insomnia.
Abstract: Objective. —To evaluate the efficacy of benzodiazepines and zolpidem tartrate in chronic insomnia based on a quantitative review of literature. Data Sources. —Articles from 1966 to 1996 were identified using MEDLINE, by a manual review of relevant journals, and from bibliographies of identified articles. Study Selection. —Studies using randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel or crossover designs with benzodiazepines or zolpidem in adults younger than 65 years with chronic insomnia (modified Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria for primary insomnia) were selected for review. Self-report and polysomnographic measures of sleep-onset latency, total sleep time, number of awakenings, and sleep quality were selected as outcomes. Data Extraction. —Twenty-two studies met the selection criteria. A combined test of P values was performed, pooling broadly from the 22 studies to determine whether medication was superior to placebo. A combined test of effect sizes was performed on the subset of studies that reported effect size information to determine the magnitude of medication effect. Data Synthesis. —A homogeneous sample of studies summarized 1894 patients treated for a median duration of 7 days. The combined test of P values demonstrated that medication was superior to placebo in all 4 outcome measures. Treatment response was moderate in magnitude by the combined test of effect sizes. Conclusions. —Benzodiazepines and zolpidem produced reliable improvements in commonly measured parameters of sleep in patients with chronic insomnia. Relative to the chronic and recurring course of insomnia, both the limited duration of treatments studied and the lack of follow-up data from controlled trials represent challenges for developing evidence-based guidelines for the use of hypnotics in the management of chronic insomnia.

438 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The strong correlation between depression and sleep disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease underlines the importance of identifying and treating both conditions in these patients.
Abstract: Sleep disorders are common and well documented in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, most data on sleep in patients with PD are derived from selected patient populations. This community-based survey evaluated the prevalence of and risk factors for sleep disturbances in an unselected group of 245 patients with PD and two control groups of similar age and sex distribution: 100 patients with another chronic disease (diabetes mellitus) and 100 healthy elderly persons. Nearly two thirds of the patients with PD reported sleep disorders, significantly more than among patients with diabetes (46%) and healthy control subjects (33%). About a third of the patients with PD rated their overall nighttime problem as moderate to severe. The most common sleep disorders reported by the patients with PD were frequent awakening (sleep fragmentation) and early awakening. Sleep initiation showed no significant difference compared with the control groups. Pain and cramps were not more prevalent among the patients with PD, but they were more likely to report sleep disturbed by myoclonic jerks. Use of sedatives was common in all three groups but significantly higher in the PD group than in the healthy elderly. Symptoms of depression and duration of levodopa treatment showed a significant correlation with sleep disorders in the PD group. This community-based study confirms that sleep disorders are common and distressing in patients with PD. The strong correlation between depression and sleep disorders in patients with PD underlines the importance of identifying and treating both conditions in these patients.

437 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023344
2022644
20211,073
2020954
2019742
2018751