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Sleep disorder

About: Sleep disorder is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 19380 publications have been published within this topic receiving 884281 citations. The topic is also known as: somnipathy & non-organic sleep disorder.


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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 2003-Sleep
TL;DR: Singer et al. as discussed by the authors evaluated the safety and efficacy of 2 dose formulations of melatonin for the treatment of insomnia in patients with Alzheimer's disease and found no statistically significant differences in objective sleep measures.
Abstract: Objectives: To determine the safety and efficacy of 2 dose formulations of melatonin for the treatment of insomnia in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Design: A multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of 2 dose formulations of oral melatonin coordinated by the National Institute of Aging-funded Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study. Subjects with Alzheimer's disease and nighttime sleep disturbance were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups: placebo, 2.5-mg slow-release melatonin, or 10-mg melatonin. Setting: Private homes and long-term care facilities. Participants: 157 individuals were recruited by 36 Alzheimer's disease research centers. Subjects with a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease were eligible if they averaged less than 7 hours of sleep per night (as documented by wrist actigraphy) and had 2 or more episodes per week of nighttime awakenings reported by the caregiver. Measurements: Nocturnal total sleep time, sleep efficiency, wake-time after sleep onset, and day-night sleep ratio during 2- to 3-week baseline and 2-month treatment periods. Sleep was defined by an automated algorithmic analysis of wrist actigraph data. Results: No statistically significant differences in objective sleep measures were seen between baseline and treatment periods for the any of the 3 groups. Nonsignificant trends for increased nocturnal total sleep time and decreased wake after sleep onset were observed in the melatonin groups relative to placebo. Trends for a greater percentage of subjects having more than a 30-minute increase in nocturnal total sleep time in the 10-mg melatonin group and for a decline in the day-night sleep ratio in the 2.5-mg sustained-release melatonin group, compared to placebo, were also seen. On subjective measures, caregiver ratings of sleep quality showed improvement in the 2.5-mg sustained-release melatonin group relative to placebo. There were no significant differences in the number or seriousness of adverse events between the placebo and melatonin groups. Conclusions: Based on actigraphy as an objective measure of sleep time, melatonin is not an effective soporific agent in people with Alzheimer's disease. Citation: Singer C; Tractenberg RE; Kaye J et al. A multicenter, placebo-controlled trial of melatonin for sleep disturbance in Alzheimer's disease.

348 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Preliminary evidence indicates that participants who completed four or more sessions in the treatment program showed improved sleep and that improving sleep may lead to a reduction in substance abuse problems at the 12-month follow-up.

348 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Age at onset clearly differentiates patients with a positive family history of narcolepsy (early onset) from those without a family history, and data suggest that age at onset is genetically determined.
Abstract: Background: Narcolepsy usually starts around adolescence; however, there is great variability in the clinical presentation of narcolepsy. Objective: To determine the age at onset in conjunction with severity of narcoleptic symptoms in two large populations of narcoleptic patients with a similar genetic background. Methods: Information on age at onset and severity of the condition was obtained in 317 patients with well-defined narcolepsy–cataplexy from Montpellier (France) and in 202 from Montreal (Canada). Results: The mean age at onset was 23.4 years in Montpellier and 24.4 in Montreal. The age at onset was bimodal in two independent patient populations: a first peak occurring at 14.7 years, and a second peak occurring at 35. Age at onset clearly differentiates patients with a positive family history of narcolepsy (early onset) from those without a family history. Other clinical and polygraphic findings may indicate that young age at onset is associated with increased severity of the condition (higher frequency of cataplexy and decreased mean sleep latency on the Multiple Sleep Latency Test). Conclusion: Bimodal distribution of age at onset of narcolepsy was found in two independent patient populations. Our data suggest that age at onset is genetically determined.

348 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This is the first epidemiologic study that estimates the prevalence of narcolepsy in the general population of these five European countries, where the disorder affects 47 individuals/100,000 inhabitants.
Abstract: Objective: To determine the prevalence of narcolepsy in the general population of five European countries (target population 205,890,882 inhabitants). Methods: Overall, 18,980 randomly selected subjects were interviewed (participation rate 80.4%). These subjects were representative of the general population of the UK, Germany, Italy, Portugal, and Spain. They were interviewed by telephone using the Sleep-EVAL expert system, which provided narcolepsy diagnosis according to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD). Results: Excessive daytime sleepiness was reported by 15% of the sample, with a higher prevalence in the UK and Germany. Napping two times or more in the same day was reported by 1.6% of the sample, with a significantly higher rate in Germany. Cataplexy (episodes of loss of muscle function related to a strong emotion), a cardinal symptom of narcolepsy, was found in 1.6% of the sample. An ICSD narcolepsy diagnosis was found in 0.047% of the sample: The narcolepsy was severe for 0.026% of the sample and moderate in 0.021%. Conclusion: This is the first epidemiologic study that estimates the prevalence of narcolepsy in the general population of these five European countries. The disorder affects 47 individuals/100,000 inhabitants.

347 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
15 Mar 2004-Sleep
TL;DR: The results showing a relationship between FIRST scores and nocturnal polysomnography and Multiple Sleep Latency Test scores suggest individuals with high FIRST scores may be predisposed to developing chronic primary insomnia and the vulnerability identified may underlie vulnerability to transient sleep disturbance associated with other sleep-disruptive factors.
Abstract: Study objectives To determine the presence of a hypothesized trait vulnerability to sleep disturbance and hyperarousal. Design Polysomnographic assessment of sleep in response to stress during a first night in the laboratory and subsequent physiologic arousal. Participants One hundred and four individuals (46% men, mean age 40.4 +/- 12.9 years) drawn from a population-based sample. Interventions Individuals were exposed to a first night in the laboratory. Measurements and results Participants completed a Likert-scale questionnaire, consisting of 27 items, that assesses sleep disturbance in response to commonly experienced stressful situations. Factor analytic techniques identified a single 9-item factor that was representative of the construct of "stress-related" vulnerability to sleep disturbance. Reliability of the resulting 9-item scale was high (Cronbach's alpha = .83). Individuals with higher scores on this scale, the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST; median split), had a lower sleep efficiency (P = .001), as well as an increased latency to stage 1 sleep (P = .001) and persistent sleep (P = .002) on the first night of nocturnal polysomnography. Moreover, these high-scoring individuals showed increased arousal as evidenced by an elevated sleep latency on the Multiple Sleep Latency Test compared to individuals with low FIRST scores. Importantly, after controlling for current and past insomnia, the differences between individuals scoring high and low on the FIRST in terms of nocturnal sleep and daytime arousal remained significant. Other stages of sleep (stage 2, slow-wave, and rapid eye movement sleep) were not different between the groups. Conclusions These results showing a relationship between FIRST scores and nocturnal polysomnography and Multiple Sleep Latency Test scores have 3 potential implications: (1) the data demonstrate a characteristic that relates to vulnerability to stress-related sleep disturbance as manifested by a first night in the laboratory; (2) the elevated latencies on the Multiple Sleep Latency Test in these individuals, despite significantly disturbed sleep, support the notion of physiologic hyperarousal in these individuals and suggests they may be predisposed to developing chronic primary insomnia; and (3) the vulnerability identified may underlie vulnerability to transient sleep disturbance associated with other sleep-disruptive factors.

346 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023344
2022644
20211,073
2020954
2019742
2018751