Topic
Slow-wave sleep
About: Slow-wave sleep is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6543 publications have been published within this topic receiving 320663 citations. The topic is also known as: deep sleep.
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TL;DR: The REM deprivation procedure acts more slowly, but is of more lasting clinical value than the other forms; partial sleep deprivation during the second half of the night may be as good as total sleep deprivation and better tolerated.
Abstract: 1. 1. This paper reviews five different types of deliberate sleep-wake manipulations which are reported to have antidepressant effects: total sleep deprivation, partial sleep deprivation, a phase advance of the sleep periods and REM deprivation. 2. 2. The effects of total sleep deprivation are best documented. Of 852 depressed patients studied, 493 or 57.9% improved following sleep deprivation. 3. 3. The REM deprivation procedure acts more slowly, but is of more lasting clinical value tha the other forms. 4. 4. Partial sleep deprivation during the second half of the night may be as good as total sleep deprivation and better tolerated. 5. 5. The findings are reviewed in terms of psychological, neurophysiological, biochemical and chronobiological perspectives.
150 citations
TL;DR: The prevalence of nondipping was very high in a population of untreated patients with mild to severe OSA, Nonetheless, sleep quality did not appear to be related to BP dipping.
150 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assessed declarative memory retention over an interval containing a nap and determined spindle density for light and deep sleep separately, and found that spindles density was considerably higher in deep sleep than light sleep.
Abstract: Both sleep spindles and slow oscillations have been implicated in sleep-dependent memory consolidation. Whereas spindles occur during both light and deep sleep, slow oscillations are restricted to deep sleep, raising the possibility of greater consolidation-related spindle involvement during deep sleep. We assessed declarative memory retention over an interval containing a nap and determined spindle density for light and deep sleep separately. In deep sleep, spindle density was considerably higher and showed a strong and robust positive correlation with retention. This relation was absent for light sleep, suggesting that the potentiating effects of spindles are tied to their co-occurrence with slow oscillations.
150 citations
TL;DR: Increased genioglossus muscle tone is associated with spontaneous periods of stable flow limited breathing in the OSA subjects studied, and reductions in geniogslossus activity during REM may explain the higher severity of OSA in that stage.
Abstract: Study Objectives:
Many patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have spontaneous periods of stable flow limited breathing during sleep without respiratory events or arousals. In addition, OSA is often more severe during REM than NREM and more severe during stage 2 than slow wave sleep (SWS). The physiological mechanisms for these observations are unknown. Thus we aimed to determine whether the activity of two upper airway dilator muscles (genioglossus and tensor palatini) or end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) differ between (1) spontaneously occurring stable and cyclical breathing and (2) different sleep stages in OSA.
150 citations
TL;DR: Fear extinction may be selectively enhanced during sleep, even without re-exposure to the feared stimulus itself, as shown in human subjects who underwent olfactory contextual fear conditioning.
Abstract: Sleep can strengthen memory for emotional information, but whether emotional memories can be specifically targeted and modified during sleep is unknown. In human subjects who underwent olfactory contextual fear conditioning, re-exposure to the odorant context in slow-wave sleep promoted stimulus-specific fear extinction, with parallel reductions of hippocampal activity and reorganization of amygdala ensemble patterns. Thus, fear extinction may be selectively enhanced during sleep, even without re-exposure to the feared stimulus itself.
150 citations