Topic
Smart grid
About: Smart grid is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 37536 publications have been published within this topic receiving 627844 citations. The topic is also known as: intelligent grid.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors of these two major studies jointly reconcile their previous conclusions by providing clarity on how methodologies to manage battery degradation can reliably extend battery life, and also review the associated technology and policy implications of better managing battery use in vehicle and electrical grid applications.
149 citations
24 Jul 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors study how to schedule the charging of the PHEV batteries and show that the duality gap is zero for the joint optimal power flow (OPF)-charging problem.
Abstract: Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) play an important role in making a greener future. Given a group of PHEVs distributed across a power network equipped with the smart grid technology (e.g. wireless communication devices), the objective of this paper is to study how to schedule the charging of the PHEV batteries. To this end, we assume that each battery must be fully charged by a pre-specified time, and that the charging rate can be time-varying at discrete-time instants. The scheduling problem for the PHEV charging can be augmented into the optimal power flow (OPF) problem to obtain a joint OPF-charging (dynamic) optimization. A solution to this highly nonconvex problem optimizes the network performance by minimizing the generation and charging costs while satisfying the network, physical and inelastic-load constraints. A global optimum to the joint OPF-charging optimization can be found efficiently in polynomial time by solving its convex dual problem whenever the duality gap is zero for the joint OPF-charging problem. It is shown in a recent work that the duality gap is expected to be zero for the classical OPF problem. We build on this result and prove that the duality gap is zero for the joint OPF-charging optimization if it is zero for the classical OPF problem. The results of this work are applied to the IEEE 14 bus system.
149 citations
TL;DR: It is necessary to model and control a microgrid as a system of systems that share some common aspects, such as voltage levels, but can operate independently, using local information in the form of the bus voltage, which improves system reliability.
Abstract: DC power systems can be made more reliable by considering the load as an important energy asset. Currently the ability to manage the total system is available only through a centralized controller, which limits flexibility, reconfigurability, and reliability. These limitations can be avoided while still providing system level coordination through the use of distributed controls based on local information. All elements of the power system including source, loads, and the network itself have influence, interaction, and coupling to all other elements. Therefore, it is necessary to model and control a microgrid as a system of systems that share some common aspects, such as voltage levels, but can operate independently. Using local information in the form of the bus voltage, these techniques do not rely on a centralized controller, which improves system reliability. However, it is important to design the microgrid in such a manner as to take advantage of the energy not just from the generation sources, but also the energy stored in the individual points-of-load as well.
149 citations
01 Dec 2016
TL;DR: This study proposes a holistic attack-resilient framework to protect the integrated DER and the critical power grid infrastructure from malicious cyber-attacks, helping ensure the secure integration of DER without harming the grid reliability and stability.
Abstract: The increased penetration of distributed energy resources (DER) will significantly increase the number of devices that are owned and controlled by consumers and third-parties. These devices have a significant dependency on digital communication and control, which presents a growing risk from cyber-attacks. This study proposes a holistic attack-resilient framework to protect the integrated DER and the critical power grid infrastructure from malicious cyber-attacks, helping ensure the secure integration of DER without harming the grid reliability and stability. Specifically, the authors discuss the architecture of the cyber-physical power system with a high penetration of DER and analyse the unique cybersecurity challenges introduced by DER integration. Next, they summarise important attack scenarios against DER, propose a systematic DER resilience analysis methodology, and develop effective and quantifiable resilience metrics and design principles. Finally, they introduce attack prevention, detection, and response measures specifically designed for DER integration across cyber, physical device, and utility layers of the future smart grid.
149 citations
01 Dec 2011
TL;DR: The optimal day-ahead decision is derived, the real-time demand response algorithm is proposed, and the effect of volume and variability of renewable generation on the social welfare is studied.
Abstract: We propose a simple model that integrates two-period electricity markets, uncertainty in renewable generation, and real-time dynamic demand response A load-serving entity decides its day-ahead procurement to optimize expected social welfare a day before energy delivery At delivery time when renewable generation is realized, it sets prices to manage demand and purchase additional power on the real-time market, if necessary, to balance supply and demand We derive the optimal day-ahead decision, propose real-time demand response algorithm, and study the effect of volume and variability of renewable generation on the social welfare
149 citations