Smart grid

About: Smart grid is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 37536 publications have been published within this topic receiving 627844 citations. The topic is also known as: intelligent grid.

Key Management Systems for Smart Grid Advanced Metering Infrastructure: A Survey

Abstract: Smart grids are evolving as the next generation power systems that transform the traditional ways of functioning of present electrical grids. Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) is one of the key components in smart grids. An AMI comprises of systems and networks, that are responsible for collecting and analyzing data received from smart meters. In addition, AMI also manages the different applications related with power and services based on the data collected from smart meters. Thus, AMI plays a significant role in the smooth functioning of smart grids. Malicious adversaries have immense opportunities for attacking the AMI, as it is made up of systems that are highly vulnerable to such attacks. Providing security to AMI is necessary as adversaries can cause potential infrastructural damage and privacy threats in smart grid. One of the most effective and challenging topic’s identified, is the key management system (KMS), for sustaining the security concerns in AMI. Therefore, KMS seeks to be a promising research area for future development of AMI. To the best of our knowledge, this survey is the first to highlight the significance of KMS for the security point of view for AMI in smart grids. We believe that we have taken here the needed initiatives that will help understand the importance of key management in AMI security, and strengthen future research works carried out in this area. This survey highlights the key security issues of AMIs and focuses on how key management techniques can be utilized for safeguarding AMI. At first, we discuss the main features of AMIs, the deployment scenario of smart grids and identify the relationship between smart grid and AMI. Then, we explore the main features of AMI, and also introduce the security issues and challenges. We also provide a discussion on the role of key management in AMI, and point out the differences between traditional electrical systems and smart grids. We then classify and provide a review of the existing works in literature that deal with secure KMS in AMI. Finally, we summarize the possible future open research issues and challenges of KMS in AMI.

Smart Grid: The Electric Energy System of the Future [Scanning the Issue]

Abstract: Provides an overview of the technical articles and features presented in this issue on swarming in natural and engineered systems.

Power-Electronics-Enabled Autonomous Power Systems: Architecture and Technical Routes

Abstract: Power systems are going through a paradigm change from centralized generation to distributed generation and further on to smart grids. In this paper, it is shown that future power systems will be power electronics based, instead of electric machines based, with a huge number of incompatible players and that the fundamental challenge behind this paradigm change is how to make sure these players could work together and maintain system stability. Then, a lateral architecture based on the synchronization mechanism of synchronous machines (SM), which has underpinned the growth and operation of power systems for over 100 years, is proposed to unify the integration and interaction of these players with the grid by operating power electronic converters to behave like virtual synchronous machines (VSM), which are coined cyber synchronous machines (CSM) here. Thus, all the suppliers and the majority of loads can follow the same mechanism to regulate system stability. This paves the way for autonomous operation of future power systems. Moreover, two technical routes, one based on the synchronverter technology and the other based on the robust droop control technology, are proposed to implement the architecture. Real-time simulation results are presented to illustrate the operation of such a system.

Optimization of production scheduling with time-dependent and machine-dependent electricity cost for industrial energy efficiency

Abstract: In many industrialized countries, manufacturing industries pay stratified electricity charges depending on the time of day (i.e., peak-load, mid-load, and off-peak-load). In contrast, the emerging smart grid concept may demand that industries pay real-time hourly electricity costs so as to use energy most efficiently. This paper deals with the production and energy efficiency of the unrelated parallel machine scheduling problem. This method allows the decision maker to seek a compromise solution using the weighted sum objective of production scheduling and electricity usage. Reliability models are used to consider the energy cost aspect of the problem. This paper aims to optimize the weighted sum of two criteria: the minimization of the makespan of production and the minimization of time-dependent electricity costs. We suggest a hybrid genetic algorithm with our blank job insertion algorithm and demonstrate its performance in simulation experiments.