Smart grid

About: Smart grid is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 37536 publications have been published within this topic receiving 627844 citations. The topic is also known as: intelligent grid.

MPC-Based Appliance Scheduling for Residential Building Energy Management Controller

Abstract: This paper proposes an appliance scheduling scheme for residential building energy management controllers, by taking advantage of the time-varying retail pricing enabled by the two-way communication infrastructure of the smart grid. Finite-horizon scheduling optimization problems are formulated to exploit operational flexibilities of thermal and non-thermal appliances using a model predictive control (MPC) method which incorporates both forecasts and newly updated information. For thermal appliance scheduling, the thermal mass of the building, which serves as thermal storage, is integrated into the optimization problem by modeling the thermodynamics of rooms in a building as constraints. Within the comfort range modeled by the predicted mean vote (PMV) index, thermal appliances are scheduled smartly together with thermal mass storage to hedge against high prices and make use of low-price time periods. For non-thermal appliance scheduling, in which delay and/or power consumption flexibilities are available, operation dependence of inter-appliance and intra-appliance is modeled to further exploit the price variation. Simulation results show that customers have notable energy cost savings on their electricity bills with time-varying pricing. The impact of customers' preferences of appliances usage on energy cost savings is also evaluated.

Smart Meter Privacy: A Theoretical Framework

Abstract: The solutions offered to-date for end-user privacy in smart meter measurements, a well-known challenge in the smart grid, have been tied to specific technologies such as batteries or assumptions on data usage without quantifying the loss of benefit (utility) that results from any such approach. Using tools from information theory and a hidden Markov model for the measurements, a new framework is presented that abstracts both the privacy and the utility requirements of smart meter data. This leads to a novel privacy-utility tradeoff problem with minimal assumptions that is tractable. For a stationary Gaussian model of the electricity load, it is shown that for a desired mean-square distortion (utility) measure between the measured and revealed data, the optimal privacy-preserving solution: i) exploits the presence of high-power but less private appliance spectra as implicit distortion noise, and ii) filters out frequency components with lower power relative to a distortion threshold; this approach encompasses many previously proposed approaches to smart meter privacy.

Review of recent trends in optimization techniques for plug-in hybrid, and electric vehicle charging infrastructures

Abstract: For the consideration of environmental aspects of the personal transportation, electric vehicle (EV) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) has the prospective solution nonetheless there is an obstacle to access the charging system plug. Additionally, the charging system delivers its own troubles when we compared it with petrol station since the participation of the different charging alternative. For the last few years, the studies associated with optimization of PHEV/EV charging infrastructure have drawn the researcher׳s consideration. New challenges and chances for the growth of smart grid technologies depend upon the recently introduced electric vehicle charging infrastructure services. In this particular review study, the literature bearing on the use of optimization methods for charging infrastructure is considered.

A failure to communicate: next generation communication requirements, technologies, and architecture for the electric power grid

Abstract: The power grid engineering community is beginning to recognize a need to fundamentally transform the capabilities of the communication infrastructure that supports power grid operations Better communications are key to providing improvements in security, efficiency, and reliability This paper reviews current data communication practices for the grid and describes a new approach to data communications that will help realize the vision of a more resilient and efficient "smart" grid

Cognitive radio based hierarchical communications infrastructure for smart grid

Abstract: The current centrally controlled power grid is undergoing a drastic change in order to deal with increasingly diversified challenges, including environment and infrastructure. The next-generation power grid, known as the smart grid, will be realized with proactive usage of state-of-the-art technologies in the areas of sensing, communications, control, computing, and information technology. In a smart power grid, an efficient and reliable communication architecture plays a crucial role in improving efficiency, sustainability, and stability. In this article, we first identify the fundamental challenges in the data communications for the smart grid and introduce the ongoing standardization effort in the industry. Then we present an unprecedented cognitive radio based communications architecture for the smart grid, which is mainly motivated by the explosive data volume, diverse data traffic, and need for QoS support. The proposed architecture is decomposed into three subareas: cognitive home area network, cognitive neighborhood area network, and cognitive wide area network, depending on the service ranges and potential applications. Finally, we focus on dynamic spectrum access and sharing in each subarea. We also identify a very unique challenge in the smart grid, the necessity of joint resource management in the decomposed NAN and WAN geographic subareas in order to achieve network scale performance optimization. Illustrative results indicate that the joint NAN/WAN design is able to intelligently allocate spectra to support the communication requirements in the smart grid.