Smart grid

About: Smart grid is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 37536 publications have been published within this topic receiving 627844 citations. The topic is also known as: intelligent grid.

Conservative Power Theory, a Framework to Approach Control and Accountability Issues in Smart Microgrids

Abstract: Smart microgrids offer a new challenging domain for power theories and compensation techniques, because they include a variety of intermittent power sources, which can have dynamic impact on power flow, voltage regulation, and distribution losses. When operating in the islanded mode, low-voltage smart microgrids can also exhibit considerable variation of amplitude and frequency of the voltage supplied to the loads, thus affecting power quality and network stability. Due to limited power capability in smart microgrids, the voltage distortion can also get worse, affecting measurement accuracy, and possibly causing tripping of protections. In such context, a reconsideration of power theories is required, since they form the basis for supply and load characterization, and accountability. A revision of control techniques for harmonic and reactive compensators is also required, because they operate in a strongly interconnected environment and must perform cooperatively to face system dynamics, ensure power quality, and limit distribution losses. This paper shows that the conservative power theory provides a suitable background to cope with smart microgrids characterization needs, and a platform for the development of cooperative control techniques for distributed switching power processors and static reactive compensators.

Tutorial on Dynamic Average Consensus: The Problem, Its Applications, and the Algorithms

Abstract: Technological advances in ad hoc networking and the availability of low-cost reliable computing, data storage, and sensing devices have made scenarios possible where the coordination of many subsystems extends the range of human capabilities. Smart grid operations, smart transportation, smart health care, and sensing networks for environmental monitoring and exploration in hazardous situations are just a few examples of such network operations. In these applications, the ability of a network system to (in a decentralized fashion) fuse information, compute common estimates of unknown quantities, and agree on a common view of the world is critical. These problems can be formulated as agreement problems on linear combinations of dynamically changing reference signals or local parameters. This dynamic agreement problem corresponds to dynamic average consensus, which, as discussed in "Summary," is the problem of interest of this article. The dynamic average consensus problem is for a group of agents to cooperate to track the average of locally available time-varying reference signals, where each agent is capable only of local computations and communicating with local neighbors.

Distributed Control for Autonomous Operation of a Three-Port AC/DC/DS Hybrid Microgrid

Abstract: This paper presents a distributed control scheme for reliable autonomous operation of a hybrid three-port ac/dc/distributed storage (ds) microgrid by means of power sharing in individual network, power exchange between ac and dc networks, and power management among three networks. The proposed distributed control scheme includes: 1) a fully decentralized control, which is achieved by local power sharing (LPS) in individual ac or dc network, global power sharing (GPS) throughout ac/dc networks, and storage power sharing (SPS) among distributed storages. Upon fully decentralized control, each power module can operate independently without communication links. This would benefit for riding through communication malfunction in multilayer supervision control system; 2) a multilevel power exchange control for scheduling LPS, GPS, and SPS has been developed to reduce unnecessary power exchange between ac/dc networks and operations of DS units with the benefit of reducing power exchange losses and prolonging storage lifetime. The proposed distributed control strategy has been verified by the simulation and experimental results.

A Review of Systems and Technologies for Smart Homes and Smart Grids

Abstract: © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).