Topic
Social change
About: Social change is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 61197 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1797013 citations.
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Book•
11 Jan 1998TL;DR: The first extension of the biopsychological view to social development was made by as discussed by the authors, who addressed the question of how children became like-minded members of their cultural groups and identified mechanisms of social adaptation underlying the enculturation process.
Abstract: The first extension of the biopsychological view to social development. Addressing the question of how children became like-minded members of their cultural groups, James Baldwin identified mechanisms of social adaptation underlying the enculturation process.
268 citations
Journal Article•
268 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1985
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a character list of places in the early Qing and discuss the economic evolution and social change of small-peasant and estate economies of early Qing.
Abstract: Note of place-names Part I. Background: 1. The issues 2. The sources and the villages 3. The ecological setting Part II. Economic Involution and Social Change: 4. Managerial farming and family farming in the 1930's 5. The small-peasant and estate economies of the early Qing 6. Commercialization and social stratification in the Qing 7. Accelerated commercialization in the twentieth century 8. Managerial farming and family farming: draft-animal use 9. Managerial farming and family farming: labor use 10. The underdevelopment of managerial farming 11. The persistence of small-peasant family farming 12. The commercialization of production relations Part III. The Village and the State: 13. Villages under the Qing state 14. Changes in the village community 15. Village and state in the twentieth century 16. Conclusion Appendixes Character list Index.
268 citations
TL;DR: Predictions from both sociocultural and evolutionary perspectives on context-specific sex differences in cooperation are derived, and a unique meta-analytic study of 272 effect sizes-sampled across 50 years of research-on social dilemmas is conducted to examine several potential moderators.
Abstract: Although it is commonly believed that women are kinder and more cooperative than men, there is conflicting evidence for this assertion. Current theories of sex differences in social behavior suggest that it may be useful to examine in what situations men and women are likely to differ in cooperation. Here, we derive predictions from both sociocultural and evolutionary perspectives on context-specific sex differences in cooperation, and we conduct a unique meta-analytic study of 272 effect sizes—sampled across 50 years of research—on social dilemmas to examine several potential moderators. The overall average effect size is not statistically different from zero (d –0.05), suggesting that men and women do not differ in their overall amounts of cooperation. However, the association between sex and cooperation is moderated by several key features of the social context: Male–male interactions are more cooperative than female–female interactions (d 0.16), yet women cooperate more than men in mixed-sex interactions (d –0.22). In repeated interactions, men are more cooperative than women. Women were more cooperative than men in larger groups and in more recent studies, but these differences disappeared after statistically controlling for several study characteristics. We discuss these results in the context of both sociocultural and evolutionary theories of sex differences, stress the need for an integrated biosocial approach, and outline directions for future research.
268 citations
Book•
01 Jun 1964
TL;DR: The United Nations Conference on Freedom of Information, in 1948, called freedom of information "one of the basic freedoms," and free and adequate information "the touchstone of all the freedoms to which the United Nations is dedicated" as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: PrefaceThe United Nations Conference on Freedom of Information, in 1948, called freedom of information "one of the basic freedoms," and free and adequate information "the touchstone of all the freedoms to which the United Nations is dedicated." It is now generally understood that before there can be free and adequate information in any country, there must be adequate development of mass communication. Therefore all countries, new or old, industrialized or not, highly developed or underdeveloped, are properly concerned with the development of their communication systems.But one aspect of communication development is of special concern to the new and emerging countries. This is the contribution that effective communication can make to economic and social development. Free and adequate information is thus not only a goal: it is also a means of bringing about desired social change. Without adequate and effective communication, economic and social development will inevitably be retarded, and may be counter productive. With adequate and effective communication, the pathways to change can be made easier and shorter.The following pages take for granted the general desirability of free and adequate information, and concern themselves primarily with this second aspect of communication development. They are concerned with the part that information can play, if used wisely, to speed and smooth what Julius Nyerere called the "terrible ascent" of the developing nations of the world toward social and economic modernity.
267 citations