scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Topic

Social change

About: Social change is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 61197 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1797013 citations.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper discusses the development of a 64-item self-report measure of empathy, constructed by comparing the responses of groups with high- and low-rated empathy, using the combined MMPI-CPI item pool.
Abstract: The concept of empathy—the intellectual or imaginative apprehension of another's condition or state of mind— is central for understanding a broad range of social phenomena including, in particular, moral development. Within this latter context, an empathic disposition can be regarded as the capacity to adopt a broad moral perspective, that is, to take "the moral point of view." This paper discusses the development of a 64-item self-report measure of empathy, constructed by comparing the responses of groups with high- and low-rated empathy, using the combined MMPI-CPI item pool. After providing evidence concerning the scale's reliability and validity, an attempt is made to show its relevance for specifically moral conduct by relating empathy scale scores to real life indexes of socially appropriate behavior and to certain previously wellvalidated measures of personality. Some form of empathic disposition, roletaking ability, or social sensitivity is assumed by all approaches to personality which take the interpersonal situation as a major focus of concern. Accordingly, most writers in the role-theoretical tradition (Cottrell, 1942; Gough, 1948; Mead, 1934; Sarbin, 1968) have given careful attention to this aspect of social functioning. Mead, for example, has argued that role-taking ability is the key variable in social and moral development; extending this line of reasoning he equates the "g" factor in intelligence with social sensitivity, the origins of which can be found in the central nervous system. In a similar vein, Cottrell and Dymond (1949) also maintained that empathy is the basic process in all social interaction. Empathy, seen as an everyday manifestation of the disposition to adopt a broad moral

1,368 citations

BookDOI
Jan Fagerberg1
TL;DR: Innovation is not a new phenomenon as discussed by the authors, it is as old as mankind itself and it is argued that no single discipline deals with all aspects of innovation, and that in order to get a comprehensive overview of the role played by innovation in social and economic change, a cross-disciplinary perspective is a must.
Abstract: Innovation is not a new phenomenon. Arguably, it is as old as mankind itself. However, in spite of its obvious importance, innovation has not always got the scholarly attention it deserves. This is now rapidly changing, however. As shown in the paper, research on the role of innovation economic and social change has proliferated in recent years, particularly within the social sciences, and often with a bent towards cross-disciplinarity. It is argued that this reflects the fact that no single discipline deals with all aspects of innovation, and that in order to get a comprehensive overview of the role played by innovation in social and economic change, a cross-disciplinary perspective is a must. The purpose of the paper is to provide the reader with a guide to this rapidly expanding literature. In doing so it draws on larger collective effort financed by the European Commission (the TEARI project, see http://tikpc51.uio.no/teari/teari.htm ), one of the outputs of which will emerge as Oxford Handbook of Innovation, edited by Jan Fagerberg, David Mowery and Richard R. Nelson. 2

1,361 citations

Book
01 Jan 1983
TL;DR: The most inspiring book today from a very professional writer in the world, socialization personality and social development as mentioned in this paper, is the book that many people are waiting for to publish and they are very proper.
Abstract: Now welcome, the most inspiring book today from a very professional writer in the world, socialization personality and social development. This is the book that many people in the world waiting for to publish. After the announced of this book, the book lovers are really curious to see how this book is actually. Are you one of them? That's very proper. You may not be regret now to seek for this book to read.

1,349 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The insider doctrine as discussed by the authors is a sociological notion that the outsider has a structural or psychological incapacity for access to new knowledge in the context of social change and conflict, and it can be described as the doctrine of the insider, which includes complementary claims of access to knowledge grounded on the assumption of socially based detachment.
Abstract: The social relevance of perspective established in the sociology of knowledge becomes evident during times of great social change and conflict. Conflict makes for a total functionalizing of thought which is interpreted only in terms of its alleged social, economic, political, or psychological sources and functions. Deepened social conflict today renews the relevance of an old problem in the sociology of knowledge: socially patterned differentials in access to new knowledge. As groups and collectivities become more self-conscious and solidary under conditions of social polarization, their members tend to claim unique or privileged access to certain kinds of knowledge. This can be described as the doctrine of the Insider, which includes the correlative claim that the Outsider has a structurally imposed incapacity for access to such knowledge. Outsider doctrine involves complementary claims of access to knowledge grounded on the assumption of socially based detachment. The rationale of the Insider doctrine i...

1,336 citations

Posted Content
TL;DR: Narayan and Pritchett as discussed by the authors matched a measure of social capital with data on household income in certain rural villages in Tanzania, and showed that social capital is indeed both capital (in that it raises incomes) and social (that household incomes depend on village, not just household, social capital).
Abstract: Matching a measure of social capital with data on household income in certain rural villages in Tanzania shows that social capital is indeed both capital (in that it raises incomes) and social (in that household incomes depend on village, not just household, social capital). Narayan and Pritchett construct a measure of social capital in rural Tanzania, using data from the Tanzania Social Capital and Poverty Survey (SCPS), a large-scale survey that asked individuals about the extent and characteristics of their associational activity and their trust in various institutions and individuals. They match this measure of social capital with data on household income in the same villages (both from the SCPS and from an earlier household survey, the Human Resources Development Survey). In doing so, they show that social capital is indeed both capital (in that it raises incomes) and social (in that household incomes depend on village, not just household, social capital). The magnitude of social capital's effect on incomes is impressive: a one standard deviation increase in village social capital increases a household proxy for income by at least 20 to 30 percent. This is as great an impact as an equivalent increase in nonfarming assets, or a tripling of the level of education. Data from the two surveys make it possible to identify some of the proximate channels through which social capital affects incomes: better publicly provided services, more community activity, greater use of modern agricultural inputs, and greater use of credit in agriculture. This paper - a joint product of Social Development, and Poverty and Human Resources, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the Bank to understand the social determinants of sustainable development.

1,330 citations


Network Information
Related Topics (5)
Politics
263.7K papers, 5.3M citations
89% related
Democracy
108.6K papers, 2.3M citations
87% related
Social relation
29.1K papers, 1.7M citations
85% related
Globalization
81.8K papers, 1.7M citations
84% related
Government
141K papers, 1.9M citations
83% related
Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023115
2022303
20211,155
20201,678
20191,734
20181,858