Showing papers on "Social media published in 2007"

Why we twitter: understanding microblogging usage and communities

Abstract: Microblogging is a new form of communication in which users can describe their current status in short posts distributed by instant messages, mobile phones, email or the Web. Twitter, a popular microblogging tool has seen a lot of growth since it launched in October, 2006. In this paper, we present our observations of the microblogging phenomena by studying the topological and geographical properties of Twitter's social network. We find that people use microblogging to talk about their daily activities and to seek or share information. Finally, we analyze the user intentions associated at a community level and show how users with similar intentions connect with each other.

Publicly Private and Privately Public: Social Networking on YouTube

Abstract: YouTube is a public video-sharing website where people can experience varying degrees of engagement with videos, ranging from casual viewing to sharing videos in order to maintain social relationships. Based on a one-year ethnographic project, this article analyzes how YouTube participants developed and maintained social networks by manipulating physical and interpretive access to their videos. The analysis reveals how circulating and sharing videos reflects different social relationships among youth. It also identifies varying degrees of "publicness" in video sharing. Some participants exhibited "publicly private" behavior, in which video makers' identities were revealed, but content was relatively private because it was not widely accessed. In contrast, "privately public" behavior involved sharing widely accessible content with many viewers, while limiting access to detailed information about video producers' identities.

Teens and social media

Abstract: Content creation by teenagers continues to grow, with 64% of online teenagers ages 12 to 17 engaging in at least one type of content creation, up from 57% of online teens in 2004. The use of social media is gaining a greater foothold in teen life as they embrace the conversational nature of interactive online media. Girls continue to dominate most elements of content creation. Some 35% of all teen girls blog, compared with 20% of online boys, and 54% of wired girls post photos online compared with 40% of online boys. Boys, however, do dominate one area - posting of video content online. Online teen boys are nearly twice as likely as online girls (19% vs. 10%) to have posted a video online somewhere where someone else could see it.

Marketing to the Social Web: How Digital Customer Communities Build Your Business

Abstract: An updated and expanded Second Edition of the popular guide to social media for the business communityMarketers must look to the Web for new ways of finding customers and communicating with them, rather than at them. From Facebook and YouTube to blogs and Twitter-ing, social media on the Internet is the most promising new way to reach customers. Marketing to the Social Web, Second Edition helps marketers and their companies understand how to engage customers, build customer communities, and maximize profits in a time of marketing confusion. Author and social media guru Larry Weber describes newly available tools and platforms, and shows you how to apply them to see immediate results and growth.Rather than broadcast messages to audiences, savvy marketers should encourage participation in social networks to which people want to belong, where dialogue with customers, and between customers, can flourish. in Networking sites like MySpace, Facebook, and even Flickr are the perfect forums for this dialog; this book shows you how to tap into this new media.In addition to the tools and tactics that made Marketing to the Social Web a critical hit among marketers, this second edition includes three entirely new chapters that cover recent changes in the field. These new chapters describe how Facebook will monetize its business and one day surpass Google; how companies can measure the influence and effectiveness of their social media campaigns; and how marketing to mobile social media will grow into an effective practice in the near future.Marketing must reach out into new forms, media, and models. Marketing to the Social Web, Second Edition presents an exceptional opportunity to use these new tools and models to reach new markets, even in today's fragmented media environment.Larry Weber has spent the last three decades building global communications companies, including Weber Shandwick Worldwide and the W2 Group. He is also the founder and Chairman of the Massachusetts Innovation and Technology Exchange, the nations largest interactive advocate association.

Social analytics system and method for analyzing conversations in social media

Abstract: Conversations in an online content universe are monitored. A social analysis module analyzes individual conversations between publishers in the online content universe. Publishers that influence a conversation are identified.

A Very Short, Fairly Interesting and Reasonably Cheap Book about Qualitative Research

Abstract: David Silverman's second edition provides a refreshing introduction to doing and debating qualitative research. An antidote to the standard textbook, this new edition shows how research can be methodologically inventive, empirically rigorous, theoretically-alive and practically relevant. Using materials ranging from photographs to novels and newspaper stories, the book demonstrates that getting to grips with qualitative methods means asking ourselves fundamental questions about how we are influenced by contemporary culture. By drawing on examples from websites and social media in the new edition, Silverman's text acknowledges how our social worlds are changing and explores new arenas for data collection. A new Glossary of Received Ideas aims to challenge conventional understandings of terms central to qualitative research and will inform, amuse and stimulate readers. This book is perfect pre-course reading for those new to research as well as seasoned researchers who want to reflect on their practice.

Checking Out Facebook.com: The Impact of a Digital Trend on Academic Libraries

Abstract: While the burgeoning trend in online social networks has gained much attention from the media, few studies in library science have yet to address the topic in depth This article reports on a survey of 126 academic librarians concerning their perspectives toward Facebookcom, an online network for students Findings suggest that librarians are overwhelmingly aware of the “Facebook phenomenon” Those who are most enthusiastic about the potential of online social networking suggested ideas for using Facebook to promote library services and events Few individuals reported problems or distractions as a result of patrons accessing Facebook in the library When problems have arisen, strict regulation of access to the site seems unfavorable While some librarians were excited about the possibilities of Facebook, the majority surveyed appeared to consider Facebook outside the purview of professional librarianship

Community detection in large-scale social networks

Abstract: Recent years have seen that WWW is becoming a flourishing social media which enables individuals to easily share opinions, experiences and expertise at the push of a single button. With the pervasive usage of instant messaging systems and the fundamental shift in the ease of publishing content, social network researchers and graph theory researchers are now concerned with inferring community structures by analyzing the linkage patterns among individuals and web pages. Although the investigation of community structures has motivated many diverse algorithms, most of them are unsuitable for large-scale social networks because of the computational cost. Moreover, in addition to identify the possible community structures, how to define and explain the discovered communities is also significant in many practical scenarios.In this paper, we present the algorithm ComTector(Community DeTector) which is more efficient for the community detection in large-scale social networks based on the nature of overlapping communities in the real world. This algorithm does not require any priori knowledge about the number or the original division of the communities. Because real networks are often large sparse graphs, its running time is thus O(C × Tri2), where C is the number of the detected communities and Tri is the number of the triangles in the given network for the worst case. Then we propose a general naming method by combining the topological information with the entity attributes to define the discovered communities. With respected to practical applications, ComTector is challenged with several real life networks including the Zachary Karate Club, American College Football, Scientific Collaboration, and Telecommunications Call networks. Experimental results show that this algorithm can extract meaningful communities that are agreed with both of the objective facts and our intuitions.

Social Information Processing in News Aggregation

Abstract: Social media sites underscore the Web's transformation to a participatory medium in which users collaboratively create, evaluate, and distribute information. Innovations in social media have led to social information processing, a new paradigm for interacting with data. The social news aggregator Digg exploits social information processing for document recommendation and rating. Additionally, via mathematical modeling, it's possible to describe how collaborative document rating emerges from the independent decisions users make. Using such a model, the author reproduces observed ratings that actual stories on Digg have received.

The New Influencers: A Marketer's Guide to the New Social Media

Abstract: The influence of bloggers, podcasters, and users of other social media is profoundly disrupting the mainstream media and marketing industries. Paul Gillin s The New Influencers explores these forces, who these new influencers are, their goals and motivations, takes a look at the changes they have initiated, and offers strategies for marketing within this dynamic new macrocosm. The New Influencers explores: Why social media are now so influential in consumer decisions Interacting with those within the blogosphere How to take advantage of this new medium The need for complete transparency Strategies for both small and large businesses Whether your company or organization should start a blog

I, Avatar: The Culture and Consequences of Having a Second Life

Abstract: Avatars are now a common part of the online experience, from thumbnail images used in instant messages to full-blown animated 3D characters with histories and property. The number of avatar users is over 200 million worldwide, and the number of people creating new avatars doubles every nine months. Avatars fight with virtual swords, build virtual buildings, have virtual relationships, have virtual babies. These online identities are separate from the real world, but sometimes the line between virtual and real blurs. People fall in love, real money is made, and human trafficking occurs . Artist and digital-pioneer Mark Stephen Meadows examines the phenomenon of avatars and how they affect, and are affected by, the unique and still-evolving social structure of virtual worlds. The book looks at how users of online worlds, chat boards, and other social media work, talk, relate, and learn. It illustrates how avatars are an emerging market of consumers; why avatars are so important; what shapes their identities; how they are used; the future of avatars; and also compares the similarites of social systems (FaceBook, Google, Second Life, World of Warcraft). And as the subject matter is so intensely visual, the author presents it in a gorgeous graphically rich style, to emphasize the way avatars are experienced by those who use and interact with them. The book will leave the reader with an understanding of why virtual environments are important, dangerous, and what it means to be a citizen of these new worlds.

Blogging as a Social Media

Abstract: Blogging has become one of the most popular social media and networking tools. The Travel and Tourism Industry today is faced with consequences that blogs have not only positive impacts but also ne...

Methods and Apparatus for Sending Content to a Media Player

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and apparatus for sending content to a media player. In general, a user of the disclosed system consumes a plurality of media content (e.g., audio content, visual content, audiovisual content, etc.) distributed from a media server. The content preferably include advertising content and non-advertising content. Some or all of the content is selected by the system based on the user's specific requests, profile, preferences, and/or feedback, in conjunction with the profiles, preferences, requests, and feedback of other users, (e.g. using social media, social matching and/or collaborative filtering techniques). Preferably, the feedback includes statistical data indicative of partial experiences (e.g., user listened to 50%) of the content by one or more media consumers.

Challenges in mining social network data: processes, privacy, and paradoxes

Abstract: The profileration of rich social media, on-line communities, and collectively produced knowledge resources has accelerated the convergence of technological and social networks, producing environments that reflect both the architecture of the underlying information systems and the social structure on their members. In studying the consequences of these developments, we are faced with the opportunity to analyze social network data at unprecedented levels of scale and temporal resolution; this has led to a growing body of research at the intersection of the computing and social sciences.We discuss some of the current challenges in the analysis of large-scale social network data, focusing on two themes in particular: the inference of social processes from data, and the problem of maintaining individual privacy in studies of social networks. While early research on this type of data focused on structural questions, recent work has extended this to consider the social processes that unfold within the networks. Particular lines of investigation have focused on processes in on-line social systems related to communication [1, 22], community formation [2, 8, 16, 23], information-seeking and collective problem-solving [20, 21, 18], marketing [12, 19, 24, 28], the spread of news [3, 17], and the dynamics of popularity [29]. There are a number of fundamental issues, however, for which we have relatively little understanding, including the extent to which the outcomes of these types of social processes are predictable from their early stages (see e.g. [29]), the differences between properties of individuals and properties of aggregate populations in these types of data, and the extent to which similar social phenomena in different domains have uniform underlying explanations.The second theme we pursue is concerned with the problem of privacy. While much of the research on large-scale social systems has been carried out on data that is public, some of the richest emerging sources of social interaction data come from settings such as e-mail, instant messaging, or phone communication in which users have strong expectations of privacy. How can such data be made available to researchers while protecting the privacy of the individuals represented in the data? Many of the standard approaches here are variations on the principle of anonymization - the names of individuals are replaced with meaningless unique identifiers, so that the network structure is maintained while private information has been suppressed.In recent joint work with Lars Backstrom and Cynthia Dwork, we have identified some fundamental limitations on the power of network anonymization to ensure privacy [7]. In particular, we describe a family of attacks such that even from a single anonymized copy of a social network, it is possible for an adversary to learn whether edges exist or not between specific targeted pairs of nodes. The attacks are based on the uniqueness of small random subgraphs embedded in an arbitrary network, using ideas related to those found in arguments from Ramsey theory [6, 14]. Combined with other recent examples of privacy breaches in data containing rich textual or time-series information [9, 26, 27, 30], these results suggest that anonymization contains pitfalls even in very simple settings. In this way, our approach can be seen as a step toward understanding how techniques of privacy-preserving data mining (see e.g. [4, 5, 10, 11, 13, 15, 25] and the references therein) can inform how we think about the protection of eventhe most skeletal social network data.

Social Information Processing in Social News Aggregation

Abstract: The rise of the social media sites, such as blogs, wikis, Digg and Flickr among others, underscores the transformation of the Web to a participatory medium in which users are collaboratively creating, evaluating and distributing information. The innovations introduced by social media has lead to a new paradigm for interacting with information, what we call ’social information processing’. In this paper, we study how social news aggregator Digg exploits social information processing to solve the problems of document recommendation and rating. First, we show, by tracking stories over time, that social networks play an important role in document recommendation. The second contribution of this paper consists of two mathematical models. The first model describes how collaborative rating and promotion of stories emerges from the independent decisions made by many users. The second model describes how a user’s influence, the number of promoted stories and the user’s social network, changes in time. We find qualitative agreement between predictions of the model and user data gathered from Digg.

Trends and issues in global tourism

Abstract: Future at a Glance.- Destination Management - Culture, Landscape, Cities.- Marketing and Distribution.- Social Media and Technology Tackle Tourism Industry.- Business Travel and Event Management.- Corporate Social Responsibility in the Tourism and Travel Industry.- Eco-Mobility.

The Strength of Weak Cooperation: an Attempt to Understand the Meaning of Web 2.0

Abstract: This paper examines some continuities and ruptures in the use of Web 2.0 such as blogs, social media, user-generated content services etc. vis-a-vis earlier web services. We hypothesize that one of the sociological characteristics of Web 2.0 services is that making personal production public creates a new articulation between individualism and solidarity, which reveals the strength of weak cooperation. Web 2.0 services allow individual contributors to experience cooperation ex post. The strength of the weak cooperation arises from the fact that it is not necessary for individuals to have an ex ante cooperative action plan or altruistic intention. They discover cooperative opportunities only by making public their individual production. The paper illustrates this phenomenon by analysing the uses of different services and by looking at the new process of innovation that appears through Barcamp and Coworking spaces.

The Strength of Weak Cooperation:an Attempt to Understand the Meaning of Web 2.0

Abstract: This paper examines some continuities and ruptures in the use of Web 2.0 such as blogs, social media, user-generated content services etc. vis-a-vis earlier web services. We hypothesize that one of the sociological characteristics of Web 2.0 services is that making personal production public creates a new articulation between individualism and solidarity, which reveals the strength of weak cooperation. Web 2.0 services allow individual contributors to experience cooperation ex post. The strength of the weak cooperation arises from the fact that it is not necessary for individuals to have an ex ante cooperative action plan or altruistic intention. They discover cooperative opportunities only by making public their individual production. The paper illustrates this phenomenon by analysing the uses of different services and by looking at the new process of innovation that appears through Barcamp and Coworking spaces.

`All That Glisters Is Not Gold' — Web 2.0 And The Librarian

Abstract: Web 2.0 and social media applications such as blogs, wikis and social networking sites offer the promise of a more vibrant, social and participatory Internet. There is a growing interest within the library community in debating the potential impact that such services might have within libraries and such debates have gathered around the moniker of `Library 2.0'. To date, however, there has been little theoretical work and there is a need to develop more formal definitions and frameworks. This editorial discusses the origins of the term Web 2.0, provides a structured framework for rationalizing the implications of Web 2.0 services and outlines some of the areas in which librarians are positioned to provide a unique contribution to the further development of such services.

Community Performance: An Introduction

Abstract: Community Performance: An Introduction is a comprehensive and accessible practice-based primer for students and practitioners of community arts, dance, and theatre, offering reflection on the ethical issues inherent to the field. It is both a classroom-friendly textbook and a handbook for the practitioner, perfectly answering the needs of a field where teaching is orientated around practice. Offering a toolkit for students interested in running community arts groups or community performance events, this book includes: international case studies and first-person stories by practitioners and participants sample exercises, both practical and reflective study questions excerpts of illustrative material from theorists and practitioners This second edition has been completely revised with over 25% new content to bring the book up to date with developments in both society and performance, including the rise of social media, updates in the contexts of social justice, new standards and norms in social practice, and the changing faces of funding, evaluation, and professional development. The book can be used as a standalone text or together with its companion volume, Community Performance: A Reader, to provide an excellent introduction to the field of community arts practice.

Social Bookmarking for Scholarly Digital Libraries

Abstract: Social bookmarking services have recently gained popularity among Web users. Whereas numerous studies provide a historical account of tagging systems, the authors use their analysis of a domain-specific social bookmarking service called CiteULike to reflect on two metrics for evaluating tagging behavior: tag growth and tag reuse. They examine the relationship between these two metrics and articulate design implications for enhancing social bookmarking services. The authors briefly reflect on their own work developing a social bookmarking service for CiteSeer.

"Ads by Google" and other social media business models

Abstract: Social media is becoming more and more attractive to Web users. However, the majority of social media services do not have a clear business model. Typically an innovative idea gives birth to a service, which people can use free of charge. The most common way to create revenue is via advertisements: Google ads appear in many services. In the long run, however, social media has to adopt alternative means for making money. At the moment there are a few alternative business models, of which four larger themes are reported: Crowd-sourcing, revenue sharing between services and users, developing and selling underlying technologies, and adopting social media tools and approaches for professional use. Some examples of these approaches already exist. The report also identifies and defines some core concepts of social media, as well as investigates various phenomena co-occurring with social media, namely user activeness, identity, copyrights, mobility, trust, and side-effects. These phenomena should be kept in mind when designing and launching social media products and services.

Consumers, participants, and creators: young people's diverse use of television and new media

Abstract: With the ever-changing and ubiquitous media environment as a backdrop, this article analyzes how young people respond to television and new media and how media is used in their everyday lives, in their social relations, and in building an identity. The analysis is based on findings from a user study of 10 to15 year-olds in Norway. The respondents were recruited among active Internet users, and since they were early adopters of new technology, they can be considered a vanguard. Starting with a broad outline of some essential earlier studies on young people's use of media in Europe and in the United States, the results of this study are presented and ideas for further development are discussed. Media, and in particular visual and social media, play an increasingly important role in young people's lives. But a shift is about to happen in their relationship to the media; from being an audience and users to becoming participants and creators as well. This article is a contribution to the previous rather poor research on these ongoing changes.

Guest Editors' Introduction: Social Media and Search

Abstract: The past few years have seen a rapid rise in social media Web sites. As user content becomes the dominant content form on the Web, various questions arise about the most effective approach to processing it.

Method and system for simulating recommendations in a social network for an offline user

Abstract: A method and system are provided for simulating recommendations for unavailable users in a social media recommendation network. In general, the social media recommendation network is formed such that each user in the social media recommendation network sends and receives recommendations from their friends. When one of the users in the social media recommendation network is unavailable, a recommendation simulator operates to simulate recommendations from the unavailable user. When the user once again becomes available, the recommendation simulator ceases simulation of recommendations from the user.

Sports Journalism: A Multimedia Primer

Abstract: Sports Journalismis a comprehensive guide to the purpose, principles and practice of this unique profession. Now in a fully revised and updated second edition, including important new material on social media and the rise of on-line journalism, this is still the only book to explore the fundamentals of sports reporting across every media platform. Combining an introduction to practical skills, contextual discussion of the changing media environment, and important case studies, including the ground-breaking story of Lance Armstrong, the book covers key topics such as: essential relationships in sports journalism - networking and the Sports Desk print journalism for magazines, tabloids, broadsheets and the internet live action – news, radio and television sports journalism effective research – managing and accessing sources, information, statistics practical skills for managing schedules and meeting deadlines working with sports agents and PR professionals getting the best from press conferences and interviews. Laced with revealing anecdotes from the author's own thirty years’ experience of domestic and international sport journalism, and including questions in each chapter to encourage critical reflection and notes on further reading,Sports Journalismis the ultimate insider’s guide and an invaluable student companion.

Visual Analysis of Weblog Content

Abstract: In recent years, one of the advances of the World Wide Web is social media and one of the fastest growing aspects of social media is the blogosphere. Blogs make content creation easy and are highly accessible through web pages and syndication. With their growing influence, a need has arisen to be able to monitor the opinions and insight revealed within their content. In this paper we describe a technical approach for analyzing the content of blog data using a visual analytic tool, IN-SPIRE, developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. We highlight the capabilities of this tool that are particularly useful for information gathering from blog data.