Showing papers on "Social movement published in 2019"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored how social movement organizations used words and hashtags to participate in the #MeToo movement through Twitter using both semantic network analysis and thematic analysis methods.
179 citations
DOI•
27 Jun 2019
TL;DR: The #FridaysForFuture climate protests mobilized more than 1.6 million people around the globe in March 2019 as discussed by the authors and attracted a new generation of climate activists, particularly among teenagers.
Abstract: The #FridaysForFuture climate protests mobilized more than 1.6 million people around the globe in March 2019. Through a school strike, a new generation has been galvanized, representing a historical turn in climate activism. This wave of climate protest mobilization is unique in its tactics, global scope and appeal to teenage school students. Media coverage of these protests and high-level national and international political meetings involving the movement’s icon, Greta Thunberg, illustrate a level of global attention that no previous youth movement has ever received.
A team of social scientists from universities across Europe organized a survey of the global FFF strike events on March 15. The team surveyed protesters in 13 cities in nine European countries using the same research design to collect data, following the well-established protest survey methodology used previously in the “Caught in the Act of Protest: Contextualizing Contestation” (CCC) project.
Demographically, the 14-19 age group is significantly over-represented among our respondents. More surprising is the predominance of female participants, particularly among teenagers. We believe that the movement’s female leaders may have a strong mobilizing effect on (particularly young) women. Education remains a strong predictor of participation. The movement’s ability to create engaged young citizens through their climate activism is also highly significant, with average figures for first-time participants (among school students) on March 15 at around 38% across all countries.
Despite the adults participating in solidarity with school students, our survey data shows that the involvement of peers seems to matter more for school students. 45% of all school students agreed with the statement that Greta Thunberg had been a factor in their decision to join the Climate Strike. Compared with the adults in our survey, school students are seldom engaged as financial contributors or active members of environmental NGOs. Activists showed strong identification with both instrumental and expressive motivations. To a higher degree than adults, young respondents stated a wish to defend their interests, although they did not take success in this aim for granted. We can observe that participants feel distrustful about their current national governments’ capacity to deal with global warming, but they still push these governments for climate policies. In almost every country, student and adult participants are extremely sceptical about relying on companies and the market to solve environmental problems. There are significant differences between countries, and between adults and school students, over stopping climate change through individual lifestyle changes, highlighting that the movement may actually be quite heterogeneous in some regards.
The significant presence of young first-timers in the strike signals the emergence of a new generation of climate activists and the possible development of FFF as a broader, grassroots movement, with a strong female presence and reliance on social media and peer networks. It highlights limited commitment to established environmental organisations, with varying interpretations of the importance of lifestyle politics and a hopeful attitude towards the future. Further research will be needed to follow the development of the first mass youth mobilization on climate change. During the second global school strike on May 24, 2019, new surveys were organized in Stockholm and Budapest.
106 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a three-part metric was proposed to analyse mobilisation factors at macro, meso, and micro levels, which brought the (inter-)relations between far-right parties, movements, and subcultures frontstag.
Abstract: The literature on the far right is trying to connect with social movement studies. Scholars from different social scientific backgrounds are increasingly acknowledging that extra-parliamentary grassroots activism is part of the alliance and conflict structure of nativist collective actors. The recent rise in far-right street politics – or, precisely, its re-emergence with seemingly different clothes – should encourage the study of the inter-relations between party and non-party collective actors. As a case in point, the far right not only includes political parties geared towards elections and public office but also social movements or ‘networks of networks’ that aim to mobilise public support, and a conglomeration of subcultural groups and groupuscules. By putting forward a three-part metric to analyse mobilisation factors at the macro, meso, and micro levels, this piece and the Special Issue it introduces bring the (inter-)relations between far-right parties, movements, and subcultures frontstag...
105 citations
TL;DR: A framework for digital activism is provided by extending Milbrath's (1965) hierarchy of political participation that divides activism into spectator, transitional, and gladiatorial activities and reveals a new construct where participants digitally organize yet lack an identifying cause, which is label connective emotion.
101 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the Everyday Sexism Project (ESP) has been examined to analyse resistance against sexism that is systemic, entrenched and deeply entrenched in the everyday sexism movement, which is a 21st century online, social movement.
Abstract: This article critically examines a 21st century online, social movement, the Everyday Sexism Project (referred to as the ESP), to analyse resistance against sexism that is systemic, entrenched and ...
99 citations
TL;DR: News coverage is fundamental to a protest's viability, but research suggests media negatively portray protests and protesters that challenge the status quo (a pattern known as the protest paradigm) as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: News coverage is fundamental to a protest’s viability, but research suggests media negatively portray protests and protesters that challenge the status quo (a pattern known as the protest paradigm)...
92 citations
Book•
09 Aug 2019
TL;DR: Tilly as discussed by the authors discusses the history of social movements in the twenty-first century and the future of social movements in the United States, including the future futures of social movement.
Abstract: Preface to First Edition Preface to Second Edition Chapter 1: Social Movements as Politics Chapter 2: Inventions of the Social Movements Chapter 3: Nineteenth-Century Adventures Chapter 4: Twentieth-Century Expansion and Transformation Chapter 5: Social Movements Enter the Twenty-First Century Chapter 6: Democratization and Social Movements Chapter 7: Futures of Social Movements Discussion Questions References Publications on Social Movements by Charles Tilly, 1977-2008 Index
87 citations
TL;DR: Protest event analysis is an important method for the study of collective action and social movements and typically draws on traditional media reports as the data source.
Abstract: Protest event analysis is an important method for the study of collective action and social movements and typically draws on traditional media reports as the data source. We introduce collective ac...
85 citations
TL;DR: In this article, young people from climate action groups in New Zealand were interviewed to understand the prospect of a climate-altered future, and they expressed hope in the future of the future.
Abstract: Hope takes on particular significance at this historical moment, which is defined by the prospect of a climate-altered future. Young people (aged 18–29) from climate action groups in New Zealand we...
85 citations
Book•
07 Mar 2019TL;DR: The Chilean Transition The Pinochet Regime From Critics to Celebrants Democracy and Poverty or the Poverty of Democracy? The Political Economy of the Aylwin Government Social Movements and Electoral Politics Limits to Aylwins Growth with Equity as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Introduction The Chilean Transition The Pinochet Regime From Critics to Celebrants Democracy and Poverty or the Poverty of Democracy? The Political Economy of the Aylwin Government Social Movements and Electoral Politics Limits to Aylwins Growth with Equity. Conclusion Epilogue.
08 Feb 2019
TL;DR: The current global food crisis is a crushing indictment against capitalist agriculture and the corporate monopolies that dominate the world's food systems as discussed by the authors, and the role of the food industry has been highlighted.
Abstract: The current global food crisis—decades in the making—is a crushing indictment against capitalist agriculture and the corporate monopolies that dominate the world's food systems. The role of the…
TL;DR: In this paper, a fine-grained conceptualisation of objective economic grievances was proposed to understand the direct link between economic grievances and protest behavior, and the level of political mobilisation substantially moderated this direct link.
Abstract: How do economic grievances affect citizens’ inclination to protest? Given rising levels of inequality and widespread economic hardship in the aftermath of the Great Recession, this question is crucial for political science: if adverse economic conditions depress citizens’ engagement, as many contributions have argued, then the economic crisis may well feed into a crisis of democracy. However, the existing research on the link between economic grievances and political participation remains empirically inconclusive. It is argued in this article that this is due to two distinct shortcomings, which are effectively addressed by combining the strengths of political economy and social movement theories. Based on ESS and EU‐SILC data from 2006–2012, as well as newly collected data on political protest in 28 European countries, a novel, more fine‐grained conceptualisation of objective economic grievances considerably improves our understanding of the direct link between economic grievances and protest behaviour. While structural economic disadvantage (i.e., the level of grievances) unambiguously de‐mobilises individuals, the deterioration of economic prospects (i.e., a change in grievances) instead increases political activity. Revealing these two countervailing effects provides an important clarification that helps reconcile many seemingly conflicting findings in the existing literature. Second, the article shows that the level of political mobilisation substantially moderates this direct link between individual hardship and political activity. In a strongly mobilised environment, even structural economic disadvantage is no longer an impediment to political participation. There is a strong political message in this interacting factor: if the presence of organised and visible political action is a decisive signal for citizens that conditions the micro‐level link between economic grievances and protest, then democracy itself – that is, organised collective action – can help sustain political equality and prevent the vicious circle of democratic erosion.
TL;DR: In this article, images affect online political mobilization and if so, how, and why, as well as how to use them to understand social movements, contentious politics, and political behavior generally.
Abstract: Do images affect online political mobilization? If so, how? These questions are of fundamental importance to scholars of social movements, contentious politics, and political behavior generally. Ho...
TL;DR: Although the literature on social innovation has focused primarily on social enterprises, social innovation in mainstream corporations has long occurred within mainstream corporations as mentioned in this paper, drawing upon recent scholarship on soci....
Abstract: Although the literature on social innovation has focused primarily on social enterprises, social innovation has long occurred within mainstream corporations. Drawing upon recent scholarship on soci...
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the literature on social-movements and political parties interactions and propose a research agenda that conceptualizes and empirically studies how movement-party interactions vary quantitatively and qualitatively under conditions of functioning representative linkages and crisis of representation.
Abstract: In this chapter, we review the literature on social-movements and political parties interactions. We propose a research agenda that conceptualizes and empirically studies how movement-party interactions vary quantitatively and qualitatively under conditions of functioning representative linkages and crisis of representation.
TL;DR: This study builds on a case study of an environmental movement to derive a conceptualisation of the processes of how social media can allow individuals to assume a more proactive role in driving a social movement and provides a new understanding of the use of social media to sustain activism over time.
Abstract: Social media assume a role in activism by enabling the powerless to voice widely shared grievances and organise unequally distributed resources. However, the predominant focus on the episodic effec...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on how the family, peers, and institutions support activism and micromobilization, and how digital and social media usage has arguably alter the behavior of young people.
Abstract: Research on young people’s protest participation has focused on how the family, peers, and institutions support activism and micromobilization. But digital and social media usage has arguably alter...
TL;DR: Burnout occurs when the accumulation of stressors associated with activism become so overwhelming they compromise activists' persistence in their activi... as discussed by the authors The authors of this paper have identified burnout as a symptom of activism burnout.
Abstract: Social movement scholars have identified activist burnout – when the accumulation of stressors associated with activism become so overwhelming they compromise activists’ persistence in their activi...
TL;DR: The authors examines discussions on the reddit.com forum r/atheism in comparison with rhetoric found in contemporary atheist organizations and among leading figures within the atheist movement, and concludes that "the majority of the participants in r/theism are either agnostic or non-believing".
Abstract: This article examines discussions on the reddit.com forum r/atheism in comparison with rhetoric found in contemporary atheist organizations and among leading figures within the atheist movement. We...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the evolution of the Green Grants program, run by Brazil's Ministry of Environment, as a means for developing the concept of bureaucratic activism, and demonstrate that workers inside bureaucracies can engage in activist behavior.
Abstract: This study explores the evolution of the Green Grants program, run by Brazil´s Ministry
of Environment, as a means for developing the concept of bureaucratic activism. When
the Workers´ Party first took office in 2003, many social movement actors joined the
government, especially in that agency. After 2007, however, most of these activists left
the government. At the same time, the Ministry substituted thousands of temporary
employees for permanent civil servants. Surprisingly, the study found that these public
employees carried forward the environmentalist cause, even when this required
contesting the priorities of superiors. Examining their attitudes and practices leads to a
definition of activism as the proactive pursuit of opportunities to defend contentious
causes. The case study serves to help develop this concept, and to demonstrate that
workers inside bureaucracies can engage in activist behavior. The study also explores the
effects of bureaucratic activism on environmental policy-making in Brazil.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors systematically evaluate tensions and possible analogies between the scope of action of environmental justice (EJ) organizations operating in the Global South and the main propositions of the degrowth movement.
TL;DR: The importance of "getting undone science done" to advance the goals of social movements fighting environmental health injustice has been emphasized by the St Louis Science Writer's Society and social movement scholars.
Abstract: STS and social movement scholars have shown the importance of ‘getting undone science done’ to advance the goals of social movements fighting environmental health injustice. The production and mobi...
01 Sep 2019
TL;DR: This paper examined the ways that social movement organizations affiliated with the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement use Twitter through three content analysis studies and found that the modal tweet generated between December 1, 2015 and October 31, 2016 was an emotional response to police brutality and the killings of African Americans.
Abstract: This paper examines the ways that social movement organizations affiliated with the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement use Twitter through three content analysis studies. The main finding presented in the paper is that the modal tweet generated between December 1, 2015 and October 31, 2016 was an emotional response—an expression of sadness, outrage, or despair—to police brutality and the killings of African Americans. The second key finding is that BLM organizations generated more tweets that framed the movement as a struggle for individual rights than ones that utilized frames about gender, racial, and LGBTQ identities. Finally, the paper shows that BLM activists urge their followers to pursue disruptive repertoires of contention less frequently than they encourage other political behaviors. These findings suggest that the BLM movement is intelligible through both the resource mobilization and new social movement paradigms within social movement studies.
TL;DR: In this article, the spatial entanglement of colonial heritage struggles through a study of the Rhodes Must Fall student movement at the University of Cape Town (UWC) and University of Ox...
Abstract: The article analyses the spatial entanglement of colonial heritage struggles through a study of the Rhodes Must Fall student movement at the University of Cape Town and the University of Ox...
TL;DR: The most important impacts of social movements are often cultural, but the sheer variety of potential cultural impacts, from shifts in public opinion to new portrayals of a group on television to th...
Abstract: The most important impacts of social movements are often cultural, but the sheer variety of potential cultural impacts—from shifts in public opinion to new portrayals of a group on television to th...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine how a social movement reproduces gender inequalities and excludes women, even in the absence of explicitly sexist ideologies and the presence of a purported commitment to gender egalitarianism.
Abstract: This paper examines how a social movement reproduces gender inequalities and excludes women, even in the absence of explicitly sexist ideologies and the presence of a purported commitment to gender egalitarianism. I show how a US-based movement that appears conducive to challenging dominant gender ideology—the New Atheist Movement—instead maintains a gendered movement culture that support the persistence of gender inequalities. The movement culture embraces gendered discourses and rejects feminist claims for participation or recognition. Further, a culture of men's dominance—which extends to men making claims about women's rights and criticizing women who speak out against men's abuses of power—has contributed to women respondents feeling shut out and silenced. The paper contributes to improved knowledge of how gender inequalities reproduce themselves in social movements through movement culture.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors point out the general conceptual and social orientation and commitments that provide the basis for critical policy analyses, and present a collection of critical policy analysis, which they call Critical Policy Analysis.
Abstract: In my comments on this fine collection of critical policy analyses, I want to do a number of things. I shall point to the general conceptual and social orientation and commitments that provide the ...
TL;DR: The #BlackLivesMatter movement as discussed by the authors is a social-media-fueled social movement for racial justice in the United States, which rose to international prominence between 2014 and 2016.
Abstract: #BlackLivesMatter, a social-media-fueled social movement for racial justice in the United States, rose to international prominence between 2014 and 2016. Described by one of its co-creators as a ca...
TL;DR: A food solidarity economy has been sprouting in Boston's lower income neighborhoods and communities of color, rooted in struggles for control over the food system itself as discussed by the authors, driven by desires for transformation and are decommodifying the food systems and increasing the urban food commons.