Showing papers on "Social psychology (sociology) published in 1971"
Book•
01 Jan 1971
806 citations
TL;DR: While electric lights, telephones, automobiles, and television had to overcome some fear and suspicion at first, they quickly caught on as discussed by the authors, and new developments in the behavioral sciences with implications for child care, schooling, business, race relations, and international affairs have been less welcome.
Abstract: remedy, institutional lag. While speed of travel and power of destruction are multiplied by factors of ten or a hundred, family life, schools, communities, and nations tend to operate in traditional ways. Resistance to change is not uniform. While electric lights, telephones, automobiles, and television had to overcome some fear and suspicion at first, they quickly &dquo;caught on.&dquo; New developments in the behavioral sciences, with implications for child care, schooling, business, race relations, and international affairs have been less welcome.
437 citations
TL;DR: In contrast to these two well-known methods, this article employed a third method, namely, to expose a person to information designed to make him consciously aware of states of inconsistency that exist chronically within his own value-attitude system below the level of his conscious awareness.
Abstract: 1. Contemporary social psychologists generally agree that a necessary prerequisite to cognitive or attitude change is the presence of a state of imbalance or inconsistency. Two major experimental methods generally employed to create such a psychological state are (a) to induce a person to engage in behavior that is incompatible with his attitudes and values and (b) to expose him to information about the attitudes or values of significant others that are incompatible with his own attitudes and values. In contrast to these two well-known methods, we have employed a third method, namely, to expose a person to information designed to make him consciously aware of states of inconsistency that exist chronically within his own value-attitude system below the level of his conscious awareness. 2. While the main theoretical focus of contemporary social psychology is on the concept of attitude and on theories of attitude change, the present focus is on the concept of value and on a theory of value change. This shift from attitudes to values is made on the assumption that values are more fundamental components within a person's makeup than attitudes and, moreover, that values are de-
197 citations
Book•
24 Aug 1971TL;DR: The case study for analysis was the Third War Loan appeal made by Kate Smith as discussed by the authors, and the purpose of this book is to uncover the structure and dynamics of mass persuasion in our society.
Abstract: The purpose of this book is to uncover the structure and dynamics of mass persuasion in our society. The case study for analysis was the Third War Loan appeal made by Kate Smith.
126 citations
113 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the socioeconomic achievement of white metropolitan native males from five religio-ethnic backgrounds, regardless of ethnic ancestry, achieving higher levels of education, occupation and income than all other subgroups, while Roman Catholics of Italian and Mexican heritage achieved the lowest levels.
Abstract: In longitudinal data for the decade 1957-67, the socioeconomic achievement of white metropolitan native males from five religio-ethnic backgrounds is examined. Jews, regardless of ethnic ancestry, attain higher levels of education, occupation, and income than all other subgroups, while Roman Catholics of Italian and Mexican heritage achieve the lowest levels. Controlling statistically for social origins reduces the gross differentials by about one-third; no net effect of religio-ethnic affiliation remains during the ten-year period after both social origins and prior achieved statuses are controlled. Thus, there is no evidence of occupational and income discrimination on purely religious or ethnic grounds. Contrary to current emphasis in the social psychology of religio-ethnic achievement, achievement-related work values and motivations of adults are neither key intervening variables nor do they influence the process of stratification to a substantial degree. The most important variable in explaining the differential socioeconomic achievement of the religio-ethnic subgroups is education, after the variation owing to the handicaps and benefits of social origins has been removed statistically.
113 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of environmental experience on spatial ability in an East African society was investigated and the results showed that environmental experience was positively associated with spatial ability, but not with cognitive ability.
Abstract: (1971). Effect of Environmental Experience on Spatial Ability in an East African Society. The Journal of Social Psychology: Vol. 83, No. 1, pp. 15-22.
110 citations
TL;DR: In this article, household density and infant care in an East African society were investigated. But the authors focused on the household density, not the infant care, and did not consider the number of infants in the household.
Abstract: (1971). Household Density and Infant Care in an East African Society. The Journal of Social Psychology: Vol. 83, No. 1, pp. 3-13.
108 citations
83 citations
76 citations
TL;DR: The authors investigated the role of one factor in the reduction of conformity produced by a partner who agrees with the subject in the face of group pressure: the independent assessment of social and physical reality provided by the partner.
TL;DR: Perhaps no aspect of social change has been as extensively researched as the relationship between communication and change, individual and social, and in particular the part played by the media of public communication in the process.
Abstract: Perhaps no aspect of social change has been as extensively researched as the relationship between communication and change, individual and social, and in particular the part played by the media of public communication in the process. Yet the research has proceeded from so many different assumptions, has predicted behavior at so many different levels, and has been contributed by so many different disciplines that it cannot be said that there is &dquo;a perspective&dquo; in this field. There are in fact
TL;DR: In this paper, Sven Lundstedt et al. discuss the effectiveness of decision-making groups in a cross-cultural study of women's ambivalence and narcissism in the context of parent-child relationships.
Abstract: Sciences. Vol. 3. New York: Macmillan Co. and Free Press. Sahlins, Marshall R. and Elman Service 1960 Evolution and Culture. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. Slater, Philip E. and Dori A. Slater 1965 "Maternal ambivalence and narcissism: A cross-cultural study." Merrill-Palmer Quarterly 11 (July):241-259. Smelser, Neil J. 1963 Theory of Collective Behavior. New York: Free Press of Glencoe. Stinchcombe, Arthur L. 1968 Constructing Social Theories. New York: Harcourt, Brace and World. Swanson, Guy E. 1959 "The effectiveness of decision-making groups." Adult Leadership 8 (June) :4852. 1967 Religion and Regime, A Sociological Account of the Reformation. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. 1968 "On sharing social psychology." Pp. 20-52. In Sven Lundstedt (Editor), Higher Education in Social Psychology. Cleveland: Case Western Reserve University Press. 1969 Rules of Descent, Studies in the Sociology of Parentage. Ann Arbor: Museum of Anthropology, The University of Michigan. 1970 "Toward corporate action, a Reconstruction of elementary collective processes." Pp. 124-144 in Tamotsu Shibutani (ed.), Human Nature and Collective Behaviors. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall. 1971a "Interpreting the reformation." Journal of Interdisciplinary History (Spring): 419446. 1971b Social Change, An Introduction to Explanations and Evidence. Chicago: ScottForesman Co. Troeltsch, Ernest 1931 The Social Teaching of the Christian Churches. 2 vols. Olive Wyon, Translator. New York: Macmillan Co. Weber, Max 1963 The Sociology of Religion. Ephraim Fischoff, Translator. Boston: Beacon Press.
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of group norms on bystander intervention was studied and the effects of group norms on bystander intervention were discussed in the context of social psychology.
Abstract: (1971). The Effect of Group Norms on Bystander Intervention. The Journal of Social Psychology: Vol. 83, No. 2, pp. 265-273.
TL;DR: The field of social psychology is the center of an extremely complex and ideology-laden controversy among Soviet psychologists as discussed by the authors, the complexity arises mainly from the fact that in the era approximately bounded by 1930 and 1960 there was no research carried out in the USSR labeled "social psychology." All such research had ceased in the very early 1930s, replaced by the Marxist-Leninist theory of historical materialism that was said to make social psychology superfluous, if not harmful.
Abstract: The field of social psychology is the center of an extremely complex and ideology-laden controversy among Soviet psychologists. The complexity arises chiefly from the fact that in the era approximately bounded by 1930 and 1960 there was no research carried out in the USSR labeled "social psychology." All such research had ceased in the very early 1930s, replaced by the Marxist-Leninist theory of historical materialism that was said to make social psychology superfluous, if not harmful.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an approach for mediating pictorial recognition in the context of social psychology, which they call Mediating Pictorial Recognition (MPR).
Abstract: (1971). Responses Mediating Pictorial Recognition. The Journal of Social Psychology: Vol. 84, No. 1, pp. 27-33.
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of seventeen different kinds of socializing experiences were assessed as compared with social status scores the preceding term and compared with similar data collected in two control schools.
Abstract: This study was focused on an assessment of special efforts to aid pupils in the lowest fourth of social status with their classmates. During one semester in four classes the effects of seventeen different kinds of socializing experiences were assessed as compared with social status scores the preceding term and as compared with similar data collected in two control schools. All group differences were statistically insignificant, but a few individuals made marked gains. These largely negative findings are explained on the bases of concepts from sociometrics, social psychology, Gestalt principles, and the psychology of perception. School personnel are warned against assuming that most socially low pupils can be aided by socializing experiences.
TL;DR: In this article, Induced Self-Esteem as a Determinant of Behavior is discussed. But the authors focus on self-esteem as a predictor of behavior, not self-interest.
Abstract: (1971). Induced Self-Esteem as a Determinant of Behavior. The Journal of Social Psychology: Vol. 85, No. 2, pp. 213-217.
TL;DR: In this paper, Humor as an Interpersonal Asset and Liability is discussed in the context of social psychology and humor as an interpersonal asset and a liability in a personal relationship.
Abstract: (1971). Humor as an Interpersonal Asset and Liability. The Journal of Social Psychology: Vol. 85, No. 1, pp. 51-64.
TL;DR: The Pace of Life and Sensitivity to Time in Urban and Rural Settings: A Preliminary Study The Journal of Social Psychology: Vol 83, No 2, pp 247-253 as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: (1971) The Pace of Life and Sensitivity to Time in Urban and Rural Settings: A Preliminary Study The Journal of Social Psychology: Vol 83, No 2, pp 247-253
TL;DR: The relationship of class participation to Personality, Ability, and Achievement Variables and the role of education in this relationship is studied in detail in this chapter.
Abstract: (1971). Relationship of Class Participation to Personality, Ability, and Achievement Variables. The Journal of Social Psychology: Vol. 83, No. 2, pp. 193-198.