Social psychology (sociology)

About: Social psychology (sociology) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 18151 publications have been published within this topic receiving 907731 citations. The topic is also known as: Social psychology & sociological social psychology.

A Social Psychological Model for Predicting Sexual Harassment

Abstract: This article presents a Person X Situation model of sexual harassment. In the tradition of Lewin (1951), this model suggests that sexually harassing behavior may be predicted from an analysis of social situational and person factors. Sexual harassment is a behavior that some people do some of the time. The social norms in specific organizational settings may “permit” sexual harassment. Certain individuals may possess proclivities for sexual harassment. When individuals with a proclivity for sexual harassment are placed in social situations that permit or accept this sort of behavior, the behavior is most likely to occur. From a review of research relating social norms in organizational settings and sexual harassment incidence, women are found more likely to experience sexual harassment in workplaces where men perceive the social norms as permitting such behavior. Research on sexual harassment proclivities in men also is reviewed. A profile of men who are high in the likelihood to sexually harass (LSH) is developed through an examination of correlations between the LSH scale and (1) standard self-report inventories, (2) social cognitive measures, and (3) social behaviors measured in laboratory settings. Possible applications of the Person X Situation analysis to different forms of sexual harassment are discussed.

The social psychology of seismic hazard adjustment: re-evaluating the international literature

Abstract: . The majority of people at risk from earthquakes do little or nothing to reduce their vulnerability. Over the past 40 years social scientists have tried to predict and explain levels of seismic hazard adjustment using models from behavioural sciences such as psychology. The present paper is the first to synthesise the major findings from the international literature on psychological correlates and causes of seismic adjustment at the level of the individual and the household. It starts by reviewing research on seismic risk perception. Next, it looks at norms and normative beliefs, focusing particularly on issues of earthquake protection responsibility and trust between risk stakeholders. It then considers research on attitudes towards seismic adjustment attributes, specifically beliefs about efficacy, control and fate. It concludes that an updated model of seismic adjustment must give the issues of norms, trust, power and identity a more prominent role. These have been only sparsely represented in the social psychological literature to date.

Applied social psychology annual

Abstract: Introduction - Stuart Oskamp Social Psychology and the Family PART ONE: GENERAL FAMILY PROCESSES Social Support, Social Deficits, and the Family - Daniel Perlman and Karen S Rook Toward the Enhancement of Well-Being Surveying the Landscape of Marital Behavior - Ted L Huston et al A Behavioral Self-Report Approach to Studying Marriage Is Equal Better? - Janice M Steil and Beth A Turetsky The Relationship between Marital Equality and Psychological Symptomatology Linkages Between Work and Family Roles - Rena L Repetti Cohabitation and Marriage - Michael D Newcomb A Quest for Independence and Relatedness PART TWO: SPECIAL GROUPS, PROBLEMS, AND STAGES Only Children in the United States and China - Toni Falbo Women as Single Parents - Martha T Mednick A Review and Critique of Current Research Growing Up in a Divorced Family - John Guidubaldi, Joseph D Perry, and Bonnie K Nastasi Initial and Long-Term Perspectives on Children's Adjustment Wife Assault - Donald G Dutton Social Psychological Contributions to Criminal Justice Policy Relationships and the Aging Family - Robert O Hansson and Jacqueline H Remondet A Social Psychological Analysis Mother-Daughter Relationships through the Life Span - Lillian E Troll

Self‐Defining Memories, Scripts, and the Life Story: Narrative Identity in Personality and Psychotherapy

Abstract: An integrative model of narrative identity builds on a dual memory system that draws on episodic memory and a long-term self to generate autobiographical memories.Autobiographical memories related to critical goals in a lifetime period lead to life-story memories, which in turn become self-defining memories when linked to an individual’s enduring concerns. Self-defining memories that share repetitive emotion-outcome sequences yield narrative scripts, abstracted templates that filter cognitive-affective processing.The life story is the individual’s overarching narrative that provides unity and purpose over the life course. Healthy narrative identity combines memory specificity with adaptive meaning-making to achieve insight and well-being, as demonstrated through a literature review of personality and clinical research, as well as new findings from our own research program. A clinical case study drawing on this narrative identity model is also presented with implications for treatment and research. In 1986, the late Ted Sarbin declared that narrative might be considered the “root metaphor” of psychology (Sarbin, 1986). In selecting this phrase, he was drawing on Stephen Pepper’s concept of a root metaphor as a “point of origin for a world hypothesis” (http://grammar.about.com/od/rs/g/ rootmetaphorterm.htm). This idea, that the shaping of experience into a storied form might be a central way of understanding human psychology, has indeed taken root and flourished since Sarbin wrote these words. Researchers in cognitive science (Conway and Pleydell-Pearce, 2000; Conway, Singer, & Tagini, 2004), developmental psychology (Habermas & Bluck, 2000; McLean, 2008; McLean & Pasupathi, 2011), personality psychology (Bauer & McAdams, 2004; Lilgendahl & McAdams, 2011; McAdams, 1985, 1996), social psychology (Baumeister, Stillwell, & Heatherton, 2001; Langens & Schuler, 2005), and clinical psychology (Angus & Greenberg, 2011; Dimaggio & Semeraris, 2004; McLeod, 1997) have embraced the study of narrative. Because narrative units can extend from the brief account of a single episodic memory to the fully rendered account of an individual’s life story, the scope of potential investigation into narrative dimensions of human thought and interaction is rather daunting. However, within personality psychology, there have been efforts to rein in the study of narrative to focus on the topic of “narrative identity” (McAdams & Pals, 2006; McLean, 2008; Singer, 2004) and its role in providing individuals with an overall sense of unity and purpose in their lives. In the last decade, there have been great advances in defining the key components, processes, functions, and content dimensions of narrative identity. As this progress has accumulated, personality and clinical psychologists interested in psychological health have begun to discern what differentiates the development and maintenance of healthy narrative identity from more problematic and dysfunctional forms. The definition of key factors in healthy narrative identity translates into invaluable information for assessment and treatment of clients in psychotherapy.