Showing papers on "Sodium chlorate published in 1971"

Oxygen generator cell

Abstract: Chemical oxygen generators in the form of disposable tin plated steel cans housing a chlorate candle, a starter, and filters where needed to remove contaminants and also serve as shock absorbing means. The cans have oxygen delivery outlets and starter actuators which can be at one end of the can or separated at both ends of the can. The preferred oxygen generating chemical is sodium chlorate, the decomposition of which is catalyzed by sodium peroxide.

Electrochemical machining with fire-retardant sodium chlorate compositions

Abstract: The hexavalent chromium content of aqueous chlorate-containing electrolyte solution employed in electrochemical machining or grinding operations may be reduced through reduction to the trivalent chromium state from which it will precipitate as hydrous chromic oxide or by removal in the hexavalent state by precipitation as a barium, lead, zinc, cobalt or copper salt. The removal of trace hexavalent chromium values from a chlorate-containing electrochemical machining electrolytic solution reduces the fire hazard attending the use of chlorate-containing solutions which may accidentally wet an organic material such as an operator's clothing and subsequently dry to form an extremely combustible mixture. Likewise, the removal of trace hexavalent chromium values from an aqueous chlorate-containing solution reestablishes the flame-retardant activity of an additive such as sodium metasilicate or sodium hydroxide which activity is reduced in the presence of trace hexavalent chromium ions.

Electrical Conductivity in Sodium Chlorate Crystals

Abstract: The electrical conductivity, σ of single crystals of sodium chlorate (m.p. 256 °C) grown from solution is studied in the temperature range 100 to 250 °C. A plot of lg ( σT ) against 1000/ T gives a fairly continuous curve. It is resolved into three straight lines by a special graphical procedure. The experimental data can then be represented by σT = 2 x 10 -4 e -6376/ T + 8 x 10 9 e -19012/ T +10 29 e -41386/ T . The addition of the divalent cationic impurity Ba 2+ increased the conductivity between 130 and 80 °C, indicating a cation vacancy jump mechanism. The activation energy for the migration of cations is estimated to be 0.55 ± 0.02 eV and the energy of formation of thermal defects to be 2.18 eV. The conductivity changes are discussed in relation to the enhanced optical absorption coefficient in the long wavelength fundamental region and also in relation to the anomalous thermal expansion and dielectric constant of the crystal at the higher temperatures. Above 200 °C the conductivity increases at a higher rate. Several causes were considered and the effect is most probably due to products of thermal decomposition.

Rate stabilizers for chemical oxygen generators

Abstract: CHEMICAL OXYGEN GENERATOR MADE FROM AN ALKALI METAL CHLORATE SUCH AS SODIUM CHLORATE AND SODIUM OR POTASSIUM OXIDES AS CATALYSTS CAN BE MADE TO PRODUCE A RELATIVELY STEADY FLOW OF OXYGEN IF THERE IS INCORPORATED IN THE MIXED COMPOSITION A SMALL AMOUNT OF MATERIAL SUCH AS POWDERED GLASS, SILICA OR MICA. IN THE ABSENCE OF THESE MATERIALS THE RATE OF OXYGEN FLOW IS UNSTEADY, WHEREAS THE ADDITION OF ABOUT .5 TO 6% BY WEIGHT OF THESE MATERIALS PRODUCES A RELATIVELY STEADY FLOW OF OXYGEN OVER THE LIFE OF THE COMPOSITION.

Unstable intermediates. Part LXXXV. Electron spin resonance study of γ-irradiated sodium chlorate: librating chlorine dioxide

Abstract: The e.s.r. spectrum of γ-irradiated sodium chlorate at 19 K shows features characteristic of chlorine dioxide. These change, reversibly, on warming to room temperature to give features previously assigned to chlorine trioxide. The two sets of data can be directly linked on the assumption that at room temperature, chlorine dioxide molecules are rotating about the C3v axis of the chlorate ions from which they were derived.

The Heats of Solution and Related Thermodynamic Properties of Sodium Chlorate in Water and Water–Dioxane Mixtures

Abstract: The heats of solution of sodium chlorate in water, and in several water-dioxane mixtures, have been determined experimentally at concentrations of salt ranging from 0.01 molal to saturation. For th...