Topic
Sodium chlorate
About: Sodium chlorate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 791 publications have been published within this topic receiving 6844 citations.
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Journal Article•
23 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an electrothermal vaporization-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric (ETV-ICP-MS) method based on the suppression of ruthenium by using nitric acid and sodium chlorate as modifiers has been developed for determination of 99 Tc.
23 citations
TL;DR: The diffusion coefficients of sodium chlorate and lithium chlorate in water have been determined using the Stokes' diaphragm technique as mentioned in this paper, and the diffusion coefficients have been treate...
Abstract: The diffusion coefficients of sodium chlorate and lithium chlorate in water have been determined, using the Stokes' diaphragm technique. The diffusion coefficients of the solutions have been treate...
23 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of different substrates on the reduction of hypochlorite was investigated and the main conclusion is that the combined effect of electronic properties and reduction of negatively charged ions can explain the reduction kinetics of hypochemite and effect of chromate in the chlorate process.
Abstract: Reduction of hypochlorite is the most important side reaction in the sodium chlorate reactor leading to high energy losses. Today chromate is added to the reactor solution to minimize the hypochlorite reduction but a replacement is necessary due to health and environmental risks with chromate. In order to understand the effect of different substrates on the hypochlorite reduction, α-FeOOH, γ-FeOOH, Cr2O3 and CrOH3 were electrodeposited on titanium and subjected to electrochemical investigations. These substances are commonly found on cathodes in the chlorate process and can serve as model substances for the experimental investigation. The mechanism of hypochlorite reduction was also studied using DFT calculations in which the reaction at Fe(III) and Cr(III) surface sites were considered in order to single out the electrocatalytic properties. The experimental results clearly demonstrated that the chromium films completely block the reduction of hypochlorite, while for the iron oxyhydroxides the process can readily occur. Since the electrocatalytic properties per se were shown by the DFT calculations to be very similar for Fe(III) and Cr(III) sites in the oxide matrix, other explanations for the blocking ability of chromium films are addressed and discussed in the context of surface charging, reduction of anions and conduction in the deposited films. The main conclusion is that the combined effect of electronic properties and reduction of negatively charged ions can explain the reduction kinetics of hypochlorite and the effect of chromate in the chlorate process.
22 citations
Patent•
07 Jul 1983
TL;DR: Chlorine dioxide is formed at high efficiency from a solution of acid sodium chlorate at high sulphuric acid normality to which methanol is fed as mentioned in this paper, and the reaction medium is at its boiling point under a subatmospheric pressure.
Abstract: Chlorine dioxide is formed at high efficiency from a solution of acid sodium chlorate at high sulphuric acid normality to which methanol is fed. The reaction medium is at its boiling point under a subatmospheric pressure. Total acid normality values in the range of about 7 to about 9 normal may be used while high efficiency of chlorine dioxide production is maintained.
21 citations