Sodium gluconate

About: Sodium gluconate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1607 publications have been published within this topic receiving 8235 citations. The topic is also known as: D-Gluconic acid, monosodium salt & Gluconic acid sodium salt.

Gluconic Acid: Properties, Applications and Microbial Production

Abstract: Summary Gluconic acid is a mild organic acid derived from glucose by a simple oxidation reaction. The reaction is facilitated by the enzyme glucose oxidase (fungi) and glucose dehydrogenase (bacteria such as Gluconobacter). Microbial production of gluconic acid is the preferred method and it dates back to several decades. The most studied and widely used fermentation process involves the fungus Aspergillus niger. Gluconic acid and its derivatives, the principal being sodium gluconate, have wide applications in food and pharmaceutical industry. This article gives a review of microbial gluconic acid production, its properties and applications.

Electrochemical Oxidation of Glucose on Single Crystal and Polycrystalline Gold Surfaces in Phosphate Buffer

Abstract: The electrochemical oxidation of glucose has been studied in phosphate buffer (pH = 7.4) on single crystal and polycrystalline gold electrodes using electrochemical techniques, ex situ NMR, in situ FTIR spectroscopy, and isotope labeling. Under these conditions, the results indicate that the rate determining step for the electro-oxidation of glucose is bond breaking between the hydrogen atom and the C 1 carbon atom. Gluconolactone appears to be an intermediate and sodium gluconate is the reaction product. First order kinetics with respect to glucose were also found. Gold would be a useful electrode for sensor applications, if the inhibition of the glucose oxidation by the adsorption of Cl - could be avoided

Influence of the calcium sulphate source on the hydration mechanism of Portland cement–calcium sulphoaluminate clinker–calcium sulphate binders

Abstract: Two different binders composed of Portland cement, calcium sulphoaluminate clinker and calcium sulphate were studied from early hydration to 28 days, one containing gypsum and one containing anhydrite at equimolar CaSO4 amount. Sodium gluconate was used as retarder to obtain a sufficient fluidity to cast the samples. Solids were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis and quantified by Rietveld refinement, while pore solutions were measured by ion chromatography. Thermodynamic modelling was used to model the hydration process of the ternary binders. This combined study allowed a precise understanding of the hydration process over time and the determination of the composition of the crystalline and of the X-ray amorphous hydrates present in the binders, which cannot be determined by conventional methods. Results show that the hydration mechanisms are similar in presence of gypsum or anhydrite, the difference being in the kinetics of reactions due to the slower dissolution of anhydrite compared to gypsum in the presence of sodium gluconate. The hydration starts with the formation of ettringite and of some X-ray amorphous hydrates. In the anhydrite-bearing system, the ettringite-forming reaction is stronger delayed by the addition of the retarder compared to the gypsum-bearing system. This stronger delay results in the formation of a significant amount of X-ray amorphous hydrates. The hydrates amorphous fraction is composed of different phases and its chemical composition is changing over time. During early hydration, it is mainly composed of aluminium hydroxide and stratlingite, while in the anhydrite-bearing system it can additionally contain some monosulphoaluminate. At later ages, the aluminium hydroxide content decreases and additional monosulphoaluminate and a C-S-H type phase are formed.