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Showing papers on "Sodium hypophosphite published in 2010"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the biomedical NiTi alloy was treated by micro-arc oxidation in an electrolytes containing sodium aluminate and sodium hypophosphite at 400 V constant voltages for 30 min.
Abstract: The biomedical NiTi alloy was treated by micro-arc oxidation in an electrolytes containing sodium aluminate and sodium hypophosphite at 400 V constant voltages for 30 min. The MAO-treated NiTi has a porous microstructure on its surface and coatings consisting only of the γ-Al 2 O 3 phase. The ceramic coating prepared by micro-arc oxidation is composed of Al, Ti, Ni, O, and P with the atomic concentration of 26.98%, 3.67%, 3.33%, 65.30% and 0.72%, respectively. The MAO-treated NiTi was soaked in a simulated body fluid (1.0SBF) to investigate the biomimetic deposition of apatite on the surface of Al 2 O 3 coated NiTi alloy. It was found that Al 2 O 3 coated NiTi alloy shows an excellent apatite-forming ability after soaking in a simulated body fluid (1.0SBF) for 14 days, while no apatite-forming ability was observed on bared NiTi alloy even though soaking time is up to 28 days.

67 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a polycarboxylic acid esterifies cotton cellulose by first forming a five-membered cyclic anhydride as a reactive intermediate, and the esterification takes place at relatively low temperatures (≥130 °C).
Abstract: Durable press finishing agents used to produce wrinkle-resistant cotton garments are cross-linking agents for cotton cellulose. Polycarboxylic acids have been the promising durable press finishing agents to replace the formaldehyde-based reagents when sodium hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) was used as the catalyst. In our previous research, we found that a polycarboxylic acid esterifies cotton cellulose by first forming a five-membered cyclic anhydride as a reactive intermediate. Maleic acid (MA) is a bifunctional carboxylic acid, therefore is not able to form the second cyclic anhydride intermediate once it forms the first ester linkage with cotton. However, we discovered that MA imparted wrinkle resistance to cotton fabrics when NaH2PO2 was present, thus indicating that MA was able to cross-link cotton. Sodium hypophosphite functions as the catalyst for the esterification of cellulose by MA, and the esterification takes place at relatively low temperatures (≥130 °C). Esterification of MA forms single esterlinka...

64 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the cotton crosslinking with butane tetra carboxylic acid (BTCA) and citric acid (CA) in the presence of sodium hypophosphite (SHP) and nano TiO2 (NTO) under different curing conditions were optimized using a statistical model.
Abstract: The cotton crosslinking with butane tetra carboxylic acid (BTCA) and citric acid (CA) in the presence of sodium hypophosphite (SHP) and nano TiO2 (NTO) under different curing conditions were optimized using a statistical model. The central composite design (CCD) was used for variables based on Design of Expert software. The appropriate model to create optimum crease recovery angle was obtained for each condition. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also employed to indicate the NTO particles on the fabric surface with the size of nano particles and their crystallinity. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010

52 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the wear behavior of electroless nickel-phosphorus (EN) coating of thickness 35 lm on a 7075-T6 aluminum alloy was studied and three pretreatments of Zn, Ni strike and absorbed hypophosphite layer were given to the substrate before EN coating to examine their wear performance.
Abstract: Dry sliding wear behavior of electroless nickel-phosphorus (EN) coating of thickness 35 lm deposited on a 7075-T6 aluminum alloy was studied. EN was deposited from a bath with sodium hypophosphite as a reducing agent. In as-deposited conditions, plating with 6-9 wt.% phosphorus has a mixture of amorphous and microcrystalline phase. Three pretreatments of Zn (zincate), Ni strike and absorbed hypophosphite layer were given to the substrate before EN coating to examine their wear performance. The surface morphology of the pretreatments was studied by a confocal laser scanning microscope. The performances of these pretreatments of EN were evaluated by dry sliding wear studies and followed by SEM studies. The results suggest that the wear behavior of EN mostly depends on the pretreatment conditions. Heat treatment at temperature of 400 C can enhance the wear resistance properties for all types of pretreatment conditioned samples and in addition that the average coefficient of friction of 400 C specimens (lav) had minimum value as compared to 200 C specimens. Ni strike provided better interlocking adhesion between EN and Al and this pretreatment noticeably improved the wear, frictional and hardness behavior of the EN coatings on 7075 Al substrate and further enhanced it by heat treatment of 400 C/h.

48 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, scan electron microscopy proved the presence of TiO2 or nano-TiO2 on the fibre surface and showed that 0.1-0.2 % TiO 2 or nanoTiO 2 was the optimum concentration to enhance the wrinkle-resistance of BTCA-SHP-treated cotton fabrics.
Abstract: The wrinkle-resistant property of cotton specimens treated by 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) and catalysed by sodium hypophosphite (SHP) in the presence of TiO2 or nano-TiO2 has been evaluated in the present study. In this study, Scanning Electron Microscopy proved the presence of TiO2 or nano-TiO2 on the fibre surface. It was also found that 0.1–0.2 % TiO2 or nano-TiO2 was the optimum concentration to enhance the wrinkle-resistance of BTCA-SHP-treated cotton fabrics. In addition, the TiO2 or nano-TiO2 added in the wrinkle-resistant treatment could act as a multi-functional finishing agent to improve the UV protection property while they are safe to human skin as proved by the cytotoxicity test. Therefore, TiO2 or nano-TiO2 was evident that they could enhance the finishing performance and minimise the side effect.

42 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors applied the electroless plating of Cu-Ni-P alloy on cotton fabrics to the preparation of conductive fabrics and reported the effect of plating on the physical and mechanical properties of alloy coated fabrics as well as electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness.
Abstract: The objective of this study is to apply the electroless plating of Cu-Ni-P alloy on cotton fabrics to the preparation of conductive fabrics. The alloy composed of infinit small amount of nickel and phosphorus particle originated from sodium hypophosphite and nickel sulphate respectively as reducing agent and hypophosphite oxidation accelerator. Electroless plating of Cu-Ni-P alloy on cotton fabrics and effect of plating on the physical and mechanical properties of alloy coated fabrics as well as electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness were reported in detail. In this research highly washing and abrasion durable conductive fabrics obtained with supreme shielding effectiveness.

31 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a case study of flexible integrated flowsheet development for sodium hypophosphite production is presented, which is based on phosphoric sludge utilization process and it is shown that optimal integrated process consumes 45% of hot and 30% of cold utilities required by nonintegrated process.

29 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a selective electroless nickel-phosphorus (NiP) deposition without the activation step from an alkaline bath containing sodium hypophosphite as a reducing agent and ammonia for pH control is presented.
Abstract: Electroless nickel plating is a very promising process for metallization of silicon solar cells. It can be used to form a seed layer for an electrolytic deposition of copper or silver because it ensures the required adherence, a low contact resistance, and prevent copper from diffusing into the silicon. The nickel plating technique developed in this work consists of a selective electroless nickel-phosphorus (NiP) deposition without the activation step from an alkaline bath containing sodium hypophosphite as a reducing agent and ammonia for pH control. Experimental results of the deposit properties are presented. Thin NiP layers of about 0.1 μm on silicon were annealed under different conditions. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, glancing incidence X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy were used to obtain information on silicide formation vs temperature. These results were correlated with contact resistivity measurements by the transmission line model. A typical contact resistivity of 10 -4 Ω cm 2 has been obtained.

21 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used an orthogonal experimental design (OED) with L9 array to optimize the experimental conditions for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles, where the particle size, reducing agent, weight ratio, and temperature were optimized using a three-level OED and nine experiments.
Abstract: Silver nanoparticles of narrow size distributions were synthesized by reduction of highly concentrated silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution with sodium hypophosphite (NaH2PO2 · H2O) in the presence of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) An orthogonal experimental design (OED) with L9 orthogonal array was employed as a chemometric method to optimize the experimental conditions for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles Particle size of silver nanoparticles was considered as the defining characteristics The concentration of reducing agent, weight ratio of AgNO3 to protecting agent, and temperature were optimized using a three-level OED and nine experiments The particle size was characterized to optimize the synthesis conditions The concentration of reducing agent emerged as the most important parameter influencing the particle size The temperature also influenced the particle size Based on 1 M AgNO3 solution and 01 M NaH2PO2 · H2O, 17 g silver nanoparticles of 10-50 nm were obtained from 34 g silver nitrate with weight ratio of PVP/AgNO3 equal to unity at 40 °C

20 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an electroless nickel process was used for the preparation of a thin-film current collector for concentric three-dimensional lithium and lithium-ion microbatteries, which enabled deposition of a conformal, fine-grained film on the high-aspect-ratio glass capillary and perforated-silicon substrates.
Abstract: An electroless nickel process was used for the preparation of a thin-film current collector for concentric three-dimensional lithium and lithium-ion microbatteries. Ni–P coatings were deposited autocatalytically with the use of nickel sulfamate or nickel sulfate as a source of Ni2+ and sodium hypophosphite as a reducing agent. The synergistic effect of sodium acetate and citric acid was found to provide marked improvement in the pH stability of the sulfamate electrolyte. This enabled deposition of a conformal, fine-grained film on the high-aspect-ratio glass capillary and perforated-silicon substrates.

20 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the electrocatalyst PtBi with a Pt solid-solution phase has been synthesized using sodium hypophosphite as a reducing agent, and the results of X-ray diffraction and Xray absorption near-edge spectroscopy showed that in the presence of P, the Pt-Bi system formed an alloy with a P face-centered cubic solid-Solution phase structure.
Abstract: The electrocatalyst PtBi with a Pt solid-solution phase has been synthesized using sodium hypophosphite as a reducing agent. The results of X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy showed that in the presence of P, the Pt-Bi system forms an alloy with a Pt face-centered cubic solid-solution phase structure. Electrochemical test results revealed that PtBi/XC-72 exhibited a good electrocatalytic activity in the oxidation of methanol.

Patent
03 Feb 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, a nickel-phosphorus chemical precipitation plating layer of an aluminium alloy, mainly containing the following components in content by weight: 20-30 grams/litre of hexahydrated nickel sulphate, 20 -30 grams of sodium hypophosphite, 15-20 grams/liter of sodium acetate, 6-10 grams/lte of butane diacid, 30-50 grams/ lte of complexing agents, 20-60 PPM of stabilizing agent, and 30-100 pPM of plating midbodies
Abstract: The invention relates to a nickel-phosphorus chemical precipitation plating layer of an aluminium alloy, mainly containing the following components in content by weight: 20-30 grams/litre of hexahydrated nickel sulphate, 20-30 grams/litre of sodium hypophosphite, 15-20 grams/litre of sodium acetate, 6-10 grams/litre of butane diacid, 30-50 grams/litre of complexing agents, 20-60 PPM of stabilizingagent and 30-100 PPM of plating midbodies. The nickel-phosphorus chemical precipitation plating layer has the advantages of fast precipitation, well combining force of a plating layer, brightness andcompactness of the plating layer, excellent stable property of tank liquor, long service life, easy maintenance, and the like.

Patent
02 Jun 2010
TL;DR: In this article, a semi-bright lead-free chemical tinning liquid and a using method thereof is presented, where a semibright silver tin-copper alloy chemical plating layer is obtained on copper and copper alloy matrix.
Abstract: The invention discloses new semi-bright lead-free chemical tinning liquid and a using method thereof. A semi-bright silver tin-copper alloy chemical plating layer is obtained on copper and copper alloy matrix. In the chemical plating liquid, tin sulfate is used as a main salt, thiourea is used as a main complexing agent, citric acid is used as an auxiliary complexing agent, sodium hypophosphite is used as a reducing agent, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid is used as an antioxidant, sulfuric acid is used as a stabilizing agent, gelatin is used as a leveling agent, and benzaldehyde is used as an auxiliary brightening agent. The pH value of the plating liquid is 0.8 to 2.0, the temperature of the plating liquid is between 80 and 90 DEG C, the carrying capacity of the plating liquid is 0.8 to 1.5dm2/L, and the mechanical stirring speed is 50 to 100 rpm. The continuous self-catalytic deposition of tin is implemented on the copper and copper alloy matrix, plating layers of different thicknesses can be obtained by controlling the chemical plating time, and the deposition speed is high; crystalline grains are obviously refined, the surface flatness of the plating layer is improved, and the plating surface area is large; the plating layer and the matrix are combined firmly; and after passivating treatment, the change resistance of the plating layer is high. The technology has broad application prospect in products such as deep hole pieces, blind hole pieces, small-sized electronic parts and components which are difficult to process, printed circuit boards (PCB) and the like.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a fine tungsten powder with an average size of 8 μm was coated by electroless nickel plating with hydrazine and sodium hypophosphite reducing agents to obtain Ni and Ni-P coatings.
Abstract: Fine tungsten powder with an average size of 8 μm was coated by electroless nickel plating with hydrazine and sodium hypophosphite reducing agents to obtain Ni and Ni–P coatings, respectively. The influence of process parameters such as temperature, pH and time of electroless plating was investigated. As coated composite powders were characterised by energy dispersive spectrometer analysis and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that, high homogeneity Ni/Ni–P coatings are deposited around the tungsten particles. Also it was shown that deposited mass on the powders increases as the temperature and pH of bath increase, but with different deposition rates depending on coating type. Furthermore, other results indicate that at higher pH values, the P content in the Ni–P coating decreases, leading less impurity in the final composite powders.

Patent
10 Mar 2010
TL;DR: The trivalent chromium electroplating solution of a sulfate system is characterized by comprising the following components in molarconcentration (mol/L): chromium sulfate02-06, potassium sulfate 05-15, ammonium bromide 002-05, boric acid 05-12, sodium hypophosphite 01-1, ferrous sulfate 001-01, complexing agent 02-20, thickening agent 00 1-05 and the balance of water.
Abstract: The invention provides a trivalent chromium electroplating solution of a sulfate system The trivalent chromium electroplating solution is characterized by comprising the following components in molarconcentration (mol/L): chromium sulfate02-06, potassium sulfate 05-15, ammonium bromide 002-05, boric acid 05-12, sodium hypophosphite 01-1, ferrous sulfate 001-01, complexing agent 02-20, thickening agent 001-05 and the balance of water The invention also discloses an electroplating method for the electroplating solution Compared with the prior art, the electroplating solution and the electroplating method have the advantages that: the electroplating solution is clean and pollution free, the thickness of the plating layer reaches 20 to 80mu m, the plating layer is smooth with few cracks and high bonding force, the source of raw materials is rich, the cost is lower, the performance-to-price ratio is good, the electroplating solution can be continuously used for electroplating for 05 to 5 hours, the hardness of the plating layer is 600 to 700HV, and after thermal treatment, the hardness of the plating layer can reach 1,200HV

Patent
03 Mar 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, a trivalent chromium electroplate liquid stabilizer and an electro plate liquid thereof are described, which is characterized in that the stabilizer is aqueous solvent formed by mixing 0.5 to 2mol/L methyl alcohol, 0.4 to 2.5 mol/L ammonium bromide and 0.2 to 0.6 ml/L chromium sulfate.
Abstract: The invention discloses a trivalent chromium electroplate liquid stabilizer and an electroplate liquid thereof, and is characterized in that the stabilizer is aqueous solvent formed by mixing 0.5 to 2mol/L methyl alcohol, 0.4 to 2.0 mol/L sodium sulfite and 0.5 to 2.5 mol/L ferrous sulfate; and the additive amount of the stabilizer is 1 to 30 ml per liter of the electroplate liquid. The inventionalso discloses a trivalent chromium electroplate liquid which fundamentally comprises the following components: 0.2 to 0.6 mol/L chromium sulfate, 0.5 to 1.5 mol/L potassium sulfate, 0.02 to 0.5 mol/L ammonium bromide, 0.5 to 1.2 mol/L boric acid, 0.2 to 0.5 mol/L sodium hypophosphite, 0.2 to 2.0 mol/L aminoacetic acid, 1 to 30 ml/L stabilizer and the balance of water which is used as solvent. The invention has the advantages that as the stabilizer is added into the trivalent chromium electroplate liquid, the stability and service life of the existing trivalent chromium electroplating technique are greatly improved; the plating has smooth and bright appearance, little cracks, good bonding force and lower cost; and the stabilizer can be widely applied in different trivalent chromium electroplating techniques.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an electroless plated nickel layer was prepared on the surface of microarc-oxidation-fabricated porous magnesium oxide film in a conventional electroless nickel plating solution,consisted of nickel sulfate as main salt and sodium hypophosphite as reducing agent.
Abstract: Generally,the surface pretreatments such as sensitization and activation are necessary for depositing a nickel metal layer on oxide surface by electroless plating,however,for an oxide surface with porous structure it is possible that the pretreatment is not necessary.In this paper,only by use of the surface activity of porous structure,an electroless plated nickel layer can be prepared on the surface of microarc-oxidation-fabricated porous magnesium oxide film in a conventional electroless nickel plating solution,consisted of nickel sulfate as main salt and sodium hypophosphite as reducing agent.Furthermore,the phase,microstructure,electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance of the obtained nickel layer were characterized.The results indicate that the 5μm-thick nickel layer is composed of fine and homogeneously distributed nickel particles,at the same time the microstructure of nickel layer is dense.Nickel layer spreads into the micropores on the surface of porous magnesium oxide film,so that an interleaving interface is formed at nickel/oxide interface.XRD results reveal that the nickel layer contains crystalline Ni and amorphous Ni-P.Four-point probe measurement indicates that the nickel layer exhibits well electrical conductivity.Meanwhile,polarization curve reveals that corrosion potential elevates notably due to the presence of nickel layer.During electroless nickel plating the nickel ions in solution were reduced and deposited in the micropores of porous magnesium oxide film under the action of reducing agent ions,so as to generate tiny primary nickel particles, subsequently,these primary nickel particles continuously grew and spread,and finally formed an entire nickel layer on oxide surface.

Patent
17 Mar 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel method for preparing nickel phosphide (Ni2P) by utilizing phosphine produced by thermal decomposition of sodium hypophosphite to reduce nickel oxide precursor is presented.
Abstract: The invention provides a novel method for preparing nickel phosphide (Ni2P) by utilizing phosphine produced by thermal decomposition of sodium hypophosphite to reduce nickel oxide precursor In the method, nickel nitrate is adopted as a nickel source and then roasted to obtain nickel oxide, and the obtained nickel oxide is dipped into sodium hypophosphite solution to obtain the nickel oxide precursor, and simple low temperature thermal treatment of the nickel oxide precursor is carried out so as to synthesize supported and unsupported Ni2P The invention has the characteristics of simple process, low Ni2P preparation temperature, short production period, without the complex steps of temperature programming, and the like as well as just simple thermal treatment at normal temperature Raw materials used in the method are low in price and safety, and devices used in the method are low in cost The catalyst can be widely used for hydrogenation treatment of oils due to higher hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation activities

Patent
27 Oct 2010
TL;DR: In this article, a preparation method of a magnesium alloy surface metal plating layer, which belongs to the technical field of metal corrosion and protection, is described, where an advanced chemical nickel solution is prepared from 15 to 30 g/L of nickel hypophosphite.
Abstract: The invention relates to a preparation method of a magnesium alloy surface metal plating layer, which belongs to the technical field of metal corrosion and protection. The method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out preliminary treatment on the surface of the magnesium alloy; (2) carrying out advanced chemical nickel plating on the surface of the magnesium alloy after the preliminary treatment, wherein an advanced chemical nickel solution is prepared from 15 to 30 g/L of nickel hypophosphite, 5 to 20 g/L of sodium hypophosphite, 8 to 30 g/L of organic coordination agents, 10 to 50 g/L of inorganic coordination agents, 3 to 5 g/L of glycin, 5 to 15 g/L of ammonium hydrogen fluoride, 5 to 10 g/L of sodium acetate, 3 to 5 ppm of potash iodate and 10 to 30 mg/L of dodecyl sodium sulfate, the temperature of the advanced chemical nickel plating is between 50 and 70 DEG C, the pH value is between 7 and 10, and the time is between 30 and 120 min; and (3) carrying out thickening chemical nickel plating or plating other metals on the surface of the magnesium alloy after the advanced chemical nickel plating. The method of the invention improves the combining force of an advanced plating layer and a magnesium alloy base body, and reaches the national standard after the addition of a proper amount of pyrophosphate complexing aids. Metal decorative protective plating layers with strong combining force and high corrosion performance can be obtained after further conventional nickel plating or other metal plating on the advanced chemical nickel plating layer.

Patent
08 Sep 2010
TL;DR: In this article, a fluorescence labeled acroleic acid-sodium allylsulfonate copolymer and a method for preparing the same was presented, which comprises the following steps: 4-bromine-1,8-naphthalic anhydride, methylamine, N-methyl diethylenediamine, and the like are used as material and is subject to amidation reaction, amination reaction, and quaternization reaction to be synthesized, and a novel fluorescence monomer 4-(N'-methyl-
Abstract: The present invention discloses a fluorescence labeled acroleic acid-sodium allylsulfonate copolymer and a method for preparing the same. The method comprises the following steps: 4-bromine-1,8-naphthalic anhydride, methylamine, N-methyl diethylenediamine, and the like are used as material and is subject to amidation reaction, amination reaction, and quaternization reaction to be synthesized, anda novel fluorescence monomer 4-(N'-methyl-1-diethylenediamine)-N-methyl-1,8-naphthalimide allyl chloride quaternary ammonium salt is obtained by synthesis; and then the fluorescence monomer is copolymerized with sodium hypophosphite, acroleic acid and sodium allylsulfonate to obtain the FC-AA-SAS product. The raw materials for synthesizing the fluorescence monomer and the polymer are easy to obtain and the reaction conditions are mild. When the product is used in circulating water, the thickness of a medicament in a circulating water system can be accurately, duly and quickly measured throughthe variation of the fluorescence intensity, and the on-line medicine addition and the quantitative control are realized. Therefore, the on-site operation is largely simplified, and the management level is improved. The functional groups, such as sulfonic group, phosphino group and the like, are introduced into molecules, and thus the polymer has a plurality of functions, such as fluorescent tracing, anti-precipitation, disgregation and the like.

Patent
01 Dec 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, a low-temperature solvothermal method was proposed for the preparation of nickel phosphide (Ni12P5) by dissolving anhydrous nickel chloride as a nickel source and sodium hypophosphite as a phosphorus source in a high-boiling-point organic solvent at room temperature.
Abstract: The invention provides a novel method for preparing nickel phosphide (Ni12P5) by the low-temperature solvothermal method. The method of the invention is characterized by dissolving anhydrous nickel chloride as a nickel source and sodium hypophosphite as a phosphorus source in a high-boiling-point organic solvent at the room temperature, stirring the materials until the organic solvent is transparent, sealing the organic solvent in a high-pressure kettle and heating up to 140-240 DEG C and reacting for certain time to obtain Ni12P5. The method of the invention is characterized by using a high-boiling point organic substance as the solvent, the reaction conditions are simple and mild and the generated Ni12P5 is the nano-particle with the size being 50nm to 200nm and the specific surface area being larger. The method is favorable for hydrodesulfurization, selective hydrogenation and other catalytic hydrogenation reactions, thus having wider application range.

Patent
12 May 2010
TL;DR: In this article, a magnesium alloy chemical plating nickel solution and method is presented, which consists of two parts: a basic chemical Plating Nickel solution and an acidic PlatingNickel solution.
Abstract: The invention discloses a magnesium alloy chemical plating nickel solution and method. The solution comprises the following parts: a basic chemical plating nickel solution and an acidic plating nickelsolution, wherein PH value of the basic chemical plating nickel solution is 7.5-9.5, per liter comprises 10g-30g nickel sulfate, 20g-30g sodium citrate, 4g-16g sodium hypophosphite, 10g-30g baking soda, PH value of the acidic chemical plating nickel solution is 4.0-6.0, per liter comprises 10g-30g nickel sulfate, 8g-20g sodium citrate, 10g-20g sodium acetate, 6g-30g sodium hypophosphite. The method comprises the following steps: a, preprocessing; b, proceeding with grit blasting on the surface; c, cleaning with supersonic wave; d, preprocessing the surface; e, neutralizing; f, plating nickelwith the basic chemistry; g, plating nickel with the acidic chemistry; h, baking. The invention solves the problem of the high cost and the pollution.

Patent
06 Aug 2010
TL;DR: In this article, a polymer such as nylon 66, having low yellowness and excellent whiteness retention for applications in melt extrusion and injection molding where an increase in molecular weight is not desirable.
Abstract: The disclosures herein relate to a polymer such as nylon 66, having low yellowness and excellent whiteness retention for applications in melt extrusion and injection molding where an increase in molecular weight is not desirable. The polymer is prepared with a phosphorus compound content, e.g., a sodium hypophosphite (SHP) content, in an amount of 150 to 300 ppm by weight. The presence of an “end cap” additive such as one selected from acetic acid, propionic acid, benzoic acid, or succinic acid, added at the start of polymerization, effectively mitigates undesired molecular weight gain.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Amorphous Ni-P alloy nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical reduction of nickel acetate in water reacted with sodium hypophosphite under stirring in this paper, and the results showed that these nanoparticles as a grease additive can effectively enhance the friction-reduction and antiwear ability of lithium grease.
Abstract: Amorphous Ni–P alloy nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical reduction of nickel acetate in water reacted with sodium hypophosphite under stirring. The nanoparticles were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results of XRD and TEM showed that nanoparticles have an average diameter 100 nm. And XPS analysis indicated that part of the surface of Ni–P amorphous alloy nanoparticles was oxidized. The tribological properties of the prepared Ni–P nanoparticles as an additive in lithium grease were evaluated with a four-ball friction and wear tester. The worn surfaces of the lubricated GCr15 steel were analyzed by means of XPS and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The lubricating mechanisms were discussed on the basis of XPS and SEM analyses of the worn steel surfaces. The results show that these nanoparticles as a grease additive can effectively enhance the friction-reduction and antiwear ability of lithium grease. Tribochemical reactions were involved for steel–steel frictional pair lubricated with the lithium grease containing amorphous Ni–P alloy nanoparticles, with the formation of a boundary lubricating and protecting film composed of additives of lithium grease and tribochemical reaction products (iron phosphate, iron oxides, nickel oxide, nickel, etc.) of the lubricants. This contributes to improve the tribological properties of the lithium grease.

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of formaldehyde released by polycarboxylic acid finishing of cotton fabrics was studied, and the effects of mass fraction of citric acid and tartaric acid,curing conditions, kinds and concentration of catalyst, and mass concentration of additives on the treatment were investigated.
Abstract: Polycarboxylic acid finishing of cotton fabrics was studied.In order to eliminate the effect of formaldehyde released by DP finishing,and reduce the yellowness caused by high temperature curing and phosphorus content in wastewater,DP finishing of cotton fabrics was performed with mixed citric acid and tartaric acid as finishing agent,and the effects of mass fraction of citric acid and tartaric acid,curing conditions,kinds and concentration of catalyst,and mass concentration of additives on the treatment were investigated.The experiment demonstrated that the optimum finishing results are obtained when mass fraction of citric acid to tartaric acid is 1∶ 1,curing temperature is 180 ℃,curing time is 2 min,mass concentration of nanosilica is 2 g /L,mass concentration of sodium hypophosphite is 20 g /L,and mass concentration of softener LD-5030 is 20 g /L.

Patent
Gang Bi, Yiming Li, Hui Tang, Ju Yuan, Chuntao Zhao 
11 Aug 2010
TL;DR: In this article, a method for preparing a work layer on the surface of a process roller of a cold rolling unit, which comprises the thermal spraying of a metal ceramic coating on the surfaces of the process roller, is presented.
Abstract: The invention discloses a method for preparing a work layer on the surface of a process roller of a cold rolling unit, which comprises the thermal spraying of a metal ceramic coating on the surface of the process roller. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, cleaning and activating a thermal spraying coating on the surface of the process roller; secondly, chemically plating a Ni-P layer, wherein chemical plating solution comprises 30g/l of nickel sulfate, 25g/l of sodium hypophosphite, 15ppm of activator, 5g/l of accelerator, 10g/l of lactic acid and 15g/l of citric acid; thirdly, immersing the process roller into the plating solution, wherein the temperature of the plating solution is between 80 and 100 DEG C, the nickel content is 88 to 92 percent, and the phosphorus content is 8 to 12 percent; and finally, when the thickness of the chemical plating layer reaches 0.01 to 0.02mm, stopping the chemical plating, performing thermal treatment at the temperature of between 50 and 450 DEG C, and preserving the heat for 0.5 to 5 hours. The work layer on the surface of the process roller prepared by the method has abrasion resistance, impact resistance, roughness retention capacity and excellent anti-adhesion performance, meets the operating requirement of long term and stability of the process roller, and prolongs the service life of the process roller.

Patent
06 Oct 2010
TL;DR: In this article, a method for manufacturing the golden finger of a soldering-pan of a flexible carrying board is described. But this method is not applicable to the case of a printed circuit carrying board.
Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a flexible carrying board of which the chip is directly packaged on a flexible printed circuit carrying board (COF), in particular to a method for manufacturing a golden finger of a soldering-pan of a flexible carrying board. The COF packaged flexible carrying board is made of a glueless flexible substrate; a basement membrane of the substrate is made of a polyimide material and has the thickness between 12 and 25 micrometers; and a conductor layer is made of copper, and has the thickness between 9 and 36 micrometers. The method for manufacturing the golden finger of the soldering-pan of the flexible carrying board comprises low-stress electroless nickel plating & gold immersion technology; a raw material is nickel sulfate and a reducing agent is sodium hypophosphite; and in order to reduce the stress of a nickel layer, an additive for reducing the stress is added. The low-stress additive is one or more of benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt, coumarin, formaldehyde, aldehyde and naphthalene disulfonic acid, and the concentration is 0.01 to 0.2 mol/liter. The operating temperature of the low-stress electroless nickel plating is between 80 and 85 DEG C and the pH value is between 4.8 and 5.2.

Journal ArticleDOI
Zhao Yan1, Zhang Tong1, Zhang Run1, Chen Jiping1, Duan Yuexin1 
TL;DR: In this article, a functional microsphere with size of 1-20 μm was produced by plating Co on hollow ceramic microspheres for the application of lightweight microwave absorbers.

Patent
17 Mar 2010
TL;DR: In this article, a new method for preparing Cu3P by using thermal decomposition of a mixed precursor of sodium hypophosphite and copper oxide was proposed, which has the characteristics of safe raw materials, low cost, low preparation temperature, short production period and no flowing nitrogen gas used during the preparation process.
Abstract: The invention provides a new method for preparing Cu3P by using thermal decomposition of a mixed precursor of sodium hypophosphite and copper oxide. The method comprises the following steps: roastingcopper nitrate to obtain copper oxide, and then soaking the copper oxide in sodium hypophosphite solution to obtain the mixed precursor; and performing simple heat treatment to the mixed precursor inthe nitrogen protective atmosphere in the static state to synthesize the loaded and the non-loaded Cu3P. The invention has the characteristics of safe raw materials, low cost, low preparation temperature of Cu3P, short production period and no flowing nitrogen gas used during the preparation process. Due to better cycle performance and reversibility than that of graphite, the Cu3P in the lithium ion battery can be taken as the potential cathode electrode material.

Patent
30 Jun 2010
TL;DR: In this article, a Ni-P-PTFE composite bath is used to make steel surface coated with PTFE, and the coating is also provided with an advantage of good attachment.
Abstract: The invention relates to a Ni-P-PTFE composite bath. Each liter Ni-P-PTFE composite bath comprises nickel sulfate in the range of 25g to 40g, sodium citrate in the range of 20g to 36g, sodium acetate in the range of 5g to 12g, sodium hypophosphite in the range of 15g to 40g, OP-10 in the range of 0.5g to 2g and N, N-Dimethyl Aminoacyl in the range of 0.4g to 0.6g dissolved in water, and also comprises Teflon emulsion in the range of 7g to 18g. NAK-80 steel is dipped in the formulation to make the steel surface coated a Ni-P-PTFE coating. More PTFE particles are deposited in the coating and the PTFE particles are distributed homogeneously. And the coating is also provided with an advantage of good attachment. Moreover, the PTFE particles in the bath are stable and not easy to settlement, and can be used repeatedly.