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Sodium hypophosphite

About: Sodium hypophosphite is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1695 publications have been published within this topic receiving 15932 citations.


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TL;DR: In this paper, an improvement of the reduction/distillation/spectrophotometric technique that is widely used in the nuclear industry is described, which reduces the total analysis time to a fraction of that necessary with the previous methods.
Abstract: This article describes an improvement of the reduction/distillation/spectrophotometric technique that is widely used in the nuclear industry. The procedure involves the reduction of oxidized forms of sulfur to hydrogen sulfide with a hot solution containing hydroiodic acid, sodium hypophosphite, and acetic acid. The hydrogen sulfide is sparged from the reaction mixture with nitrogen which is then bubbled through a dilute zinc acetate solution which traps the sulfide. The addition of acid, p-aminodimethylaniline, and ferric chloride to the zinc acetate trapping solution quantitatively converts the sulfide to methylene blue which is then measured by absorption spectrophotometry at 667 nm. In this version of the technique, the samples and standard are added serially to a single, relatively large batch of the boiling reduction solution. The apparatus is not cooled down and disassembled between each sample run and the reduction solution is kept at a boil at all times and is continuously sparged with nitrogen gas. This reduces the total analysis time to a fraction of that necessary with the previous methods. Tables are presented summarizing the studies on: effect of matrix constituents on the determination of 100 ..mu..g of sulfate; effects of nitrates; and comparison of ion chromatographic results with those obtainedmore » by the sulfate reduction techniques. Agreement between values is good for these two techniques. The overall time for the analysis of a single solution sample is on the order of 10 min including the delay for color development. The relative standard deviations obtained on finely ground solid calcined nuclear waste containing from 0.1 to 10% sulfur as sulfate are typically on the order of 3 to 5%.« less

5 citations

01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: In this article, the transport properties of different metallic ions (nickel, copper, zinc, cobalt and manganese), which are employed in nickel and nickel alloys electroplating processes, through a commercial cation-exchange membrane (IONICS 67-HMR-412), were investigated.
Abstract: The main objective of the present Thesis is the study of the transport properties of different metallic ions (nickel, copper, zinc, cobalt and manganese), which are employed in nickel and nickel alloys electroplating processes, through a commercial cation-exchange membrane (IONICS 67-HMR-412). To obtain the transport properties of these metals, the electrochemical characterization method called cronopotentiometry was employed. This method consists on applying a current pulse among two electrodes arranged in both sides of an electrochemical cell and measuring the membrane potential drop, in a non – stationary state. The study was carried on in different steps according to the electrochemical cell configuration and the solutions used. Twoand threecompartments electrochemical cells and graphite or Ag/AgCl electrodes were used. At the beginning, experiments with sodium chloride solutions, usually used in chronopotentiometric studies, were accomplished, since for these solutions data of transport properties through the membrane are already known. Later on, experiments were carried on with the metallic ions in sulphate and chloride medium and with nickel chloride solutions, to which were added boric acid, ammonium chloride or sodium hypophosphite because these chemicals are usually used with nickel on electroplating processes. The obtained potential-time data were used to obtain the limiting current and the transport number values of the different metallic ions through the membrane. Besides, these data provided additional information regarding to the adopted measure system, as well as information related to the membrane heterogeneity, to the secondary effects caused by polarization by concentration (water splitting, gravitational convection and electro-convection), or to the membrane scaling phenomena. Information on the transport properties of nickel in presence of other compounds, as boric acid, ammonium chloride and sodium hypophosphite, was also obtained.

5 citations

Patent
28 Aug 2013
TL;DR: In this article, a Ni-P-nano-diamond composite wear resistance plating layer plating liquid, which comprises nickel sulfate, sodium citrate, sodium hypophosphite, sodium acetate, lactic acid, and nano diamond powder, is presented.
Abstract: The present invention relates to a Ni-P-nano-diamond composite wear resistance plating layer plating liquid, which comprises nickel sulfate, sodium citrate, sodium hypophosphite, sodium acetate, lactic acid and nano-diamond powder, wherein a particle size of the nano-diamond powder is W14-W02 The preparation method for 1 L of the Ni-P-nano-diamond composite wear resistance plating layer plating liquid comprises: sequentially adding 600-700 mL of deionized water, 5-6 g of nickel sulfate, 2-25 g of sodium citrate, 5-6 g of sodium hypophosphite, 3-35 g of sodium acetate, 5-6 mL of lactic acid, 02-03 mL of a brightener, 05-07 mL of a complexing agent, 2-3 g of an accelerating agent, and 10 mL of a surfactant; adding ammonia water, and adjusting the pH value of the plating liquid to 4 8; adding water to achieve 1 L; uniformly stirring; adding 10 g of sodium dodecylsulfate and 35-45 g of nano-diamond powder; and uniformly stirring After the plating liquid is applied in rotor spinning combing roller metal card clothing, a micro-hardness HV of the metal card clothing is 1200-1600; compared with hard chromium electroplating and nickel-phosphorus chemical plating, wear resistance is increased by 3-8 times and a service life is increased by 3-6 times; bonding force of the plating layer and the substrate is increased by 30-40%; and coverage ability is strong, and the plating layer is uniform, smooth and fine

5 citations

Patent
20 Mar 2015
TL;DR: In this paper, a multilayer composite coating is applied on steel surface, in which nickel-phosphorous layers are applied as odd layers, and cobalt phosphorous layer is applied as even layers, at that Co-P layers are precipitated from solution with pH 8.0-8.5 and containing in g/l: difluoride cobalt 15-35, sodium hypophosphite 10-22, sodium citrate 80-100, ammonium chloride 30-60.
Abstract: FIELD: metallurgy.SUBSTANCE: under this method on steel surface a multilayer coating is applied, in it nickel-phosphorous layers are applied as odd layers, and cobalt-phosphorous layers are applied as even layers. Ni-P layers are precipitated from the solution with pH 4.1-4.3 and containing: nickel sulphate 10-30 g/l, sodium hypophosphite 15-25 g/l, sodium acetate 10-20 g/l, thiourea 0.005 g/l, acetic acid 13 ml/l. At that Co-P layers are precipitated from solution with pH 8.0-8.5 and containing in g/l: difluoride cobalt 15-35, sodium hypophosphite 10-22, sodium citrate 80-100, ammonium chloride 30-60. The mentioned layers precipitate at temperature 70-92°C.EFFECT: method ensures making on the steel surface of multilayer composite coatings out of different quantity of alternating layers with increased corrosion resistance and microhardness.2 cl, 2 tbl, 1 dwg, 4 ex

5 citations

Patent
24 Dec 2014
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for preparing all-solid waste high-strength glass ceramics from a major material coke residue is presented, which can be used for the production of a building decoration material, an industrial wear-resistant and anticorrosive material and artware.
Abstract: The invention provides a method for preparing all-solid waste high-strength glass ceramics from a major material coke residue. The method is used for preparing the high-strength glass ceramics from such raw materials as 50-95% of coke residue, 0-45% of magnesium slag, 0-15% of white mud, 2-10% of titanium slag and 3-10% of sodium hypophosphite waste residue by use of high-temperature melting, molding by casting and primary crystallization. The method is simple in preparation process; besides, the utilization rate of solid waste is 100%, and the problem of pollution of such solid waste as coke residue, magnesium slag, white mud, titanium slag and sodium hypophosphite waste residue on the environment is solved. The prepared glass ceramics have the rupture strength of more than 300MPa, are wear-resistant, good in corrosion resistance, soft in color and luster, good in texture and high in value added and can be applied to the production of a building decoration material, an industrial wear-resistant and anticorrosive material and artware; as a result, the glass ceramics have wide market prospect.

5 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202315
202234
202125
202051
2019116
201890