Sodium propionate

About: Sodium propionate is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 463 publications have been published within this topic receiving 9451 citations. The topic is also known as: E281 & sodium propionate anhydrous.

Characterization of 2,3-butanediol-forming and valine-sensitive α-acetolactate synthase of Enterobacter cloacae

Abstract: α-Acetolactate synthase (α-ALS) of Enterobacter cloacae ATCC 27613 was purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulphate precipitation, Sephadex G-200 gel filtration and hydroxyapatite affinity chromatography. The molecular weight of the enzyme was found to be 60 kDa by SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and ∼200 kDa by gel filtration through Sephadex G-200, showing that the enzyme is a homotrimer. The Km and Vmax of the enzyme were 20 mM and 200 μmol min−1 mg (protein)−1 respectively. The enzyme was optimally active at pH 6.0–8.0, 37 °C and showed concentration-dependent sensitivity to cofactors viz. FAD, NADP and NADPH and branched chain amino acids: leucine, isoleucine and valine. Substances like sodium formate, sodium acetate and sodium propionate, sugars and the selected intermediates of glycolytic pathway inhibited the enzyme. Glycerol, BSA and pyruvate-TPP stabilized the α-ALS. The enzyme showed the properties of both a catabolic as well as an anabolic α-ALS.

Fiber-derived compound additive for pigs and preparation method thereof

Abstract: The invention discloses a fiber-derived compound additive for pigs and a preparation method of the additive, and relates to the field of animal feed. The method takes tributyrin, rice hull powder, corncob, calcium acetate, sodium propionate, stearic acid and glyceride as raw materials, and comprises the steps of firstly preparing fatty acid particles coated by microencapsulations; after that, evenly mixing betaine, wheat bran, oat bran, psyllium, inulin, pectin, guar gum, sodium alginate and Arabic gum step by step, and adding the fatty acid particles coated by microencapsulations into the mixture; finally, adding corn starch, and evenly mixing to obtain the fiber-derived compound additive for the pigs. After the fiber-derived compound additive for the pigs is adopted, the development and health of intestinal tracts of piglets are effectively promoted, the reproductive performance of the pigs is improved, the health condition of the animal organism is improved, and the incidence rate of diseases can be reduced.

Syntrophic Propionate Oxidation

Abstract: In vivo high-resolution NMR with the Gram-negative Syntrophobacter wolinii and a Gram-positive syntrophic propionate oxidizing organism, indicated the involvement of an oxaloacetate: propionyl-CoA transcarboxylase in propionate oxidation. This finding was confirmed by enzyme measurement in cell-free extracts. Two sulphidogenic cocultures grew at a similar specific growth rate, whereas substitution of the hydrogenotrophic sulphate reducer by methane bacteria resulted in slower growth. The S. wolinii coculture had a lower cell yield than Desulfobulbus propionicus. This difference is explained in terms of energy conservation mechanisms.

Intravenous administration of sodium propionate induces antidepressant or prodepressant effect in a dose dependent manner.

Abstract: Propionate has been reported to exert antidepressant effects, but high-dose propionate may induce autism-like symptoms in experimental animals through induction of dysbiosis of neurotransmitters. The bi-directional effects of propionate seem to be dose-dependent. However, due to the pathological discrepancies between depression and autism, conclusions drawn from autism may not be simply transferable to depression. The effect and underlying action mechanisms of high-dose propionate on depression remains undetermined. To investigate the effects of propionate on depression, propionate dose gradients were intravenously administrated to rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 1 week. Results of these behavioral tests demonstrate that low-dose propionate (2 mg/kg body weight/day) induces antidepressant effect through bodyweight recovery, elevated reward-seeking behaviors, and reduced depression-like behaviors, while high-dose propionate (200 mg/kg body weight/day) induces prodepressant effects opposite of those of low-dose propionate. A comprehensive profiling of neurotransmitters in the hippocampus demonstrated that CUMS induces reduction of NE (Norepinephrine), DA (Dopamine). GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) was recovered by low-dose propionate, while high-dose propionate exerted more complicated effects on neurotransmitters, including reduction of NE, DA, 5-Hydroxytryptamine and Tryptophan, and increase of GABA, Kynurenine, Homovanillic acid, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, 3-hydroxykynurenine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, and 3-methoxytyramine. The neurotransmitters disturbed by high-dose propionate suggest metabolic disorders in the hippocampus, which were confirmed by the clear group separation in PCA of metabolomic profiling. The results of this study demonstrate the double-edged dose-dependent effects of propionate on depression and suggest potential cumulative toxicity of propionate as a food additive to mood disorders.