Showing papers on "Sodium silicate published in 1981"

Sodium diffusion in alkali silicate glass by molecular dynamics

Abstract: Sodium ion diffusion in a sodium silicate glass (22Na2O ⋅ 53SiO2) was studied by molecular dynamics. Sodium diffuses by hopping from one interstitial site to another. At high temperatures reliable sodium diffusion coefficients and activation energies are determined. These are in good agreement with those extrapolated from experimental data. It is suggest that simple Born–Mayer potentials to describe ionic bonding can be used for estimating transport properties. Glass forming is followed as the temperature is lowered in simulated cooling schedules.

Method for retarding gelation of bicarbonate-carbonate-zeolite-silicate crutcher slurries

Abstract: Gelation and setting of desirably miscible and pumpable crutcher slurries comprising sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, zeolite and sodium silicate in an aqueous medium are retarded and often prevented by the addition to such medium of a citric material, such as citric acid and/or water soluble citrate, and magnesium sulfate. Alternatively, magnesium citrate may be employed. The addition of the citric material and magnesium sulfate (or magnesium citrate) appreciably lengthens mixing time available before setting of the mix, increasing it over such times for similar crutcher mixes not containing any anti-gelling material, or including citric material as an anti-gelling component but not incorporating magnesium sulfate. The improved workability of the crutcher mix permits the making of higher solids content crutcher slurries, thereby resulting in significant energy savings and improvements in production rates when the crutcher slurries are subsequently spray dried to free flowing inorganic base bead form, from which commercially acceptable detergent compositions may be made, as by post-spraying with a nonionic synthetic organic detergent in liquid state.

Thermal barrier coating

Abstract: A thermal barrier coating adapted to provide a thermally insulating protective barrier on a component, the coating being capable of being applied to the components by spraying methods and being ductile when exposed to high temperatures. The coating comprises a mixture containing constituents of finely divided hollow glass microspheres; a ceramic frit of finely divided particles of alkali silicate titanate glass; and a refractory filler material of finely divided partiles such as micronized mica; aluminum oxide of mullite. All of the constituents of the mixture are suspended in a high temperature resistant binder material such as potassium silicate, sodium silicate or aluminum orthophosphate.

Silicate coated roofing granules

Abstract: Roofing granules coated with insolubilized reaction product of a coating composition comprising water, kaolin clay, sodium silicate, pigment, and gas forming compound such as hydrogen peroxide or sodium perborate.

Polymerization using silica from single phase controlled hydrolysis of silicate ester

Abstract: A method comprising combining a silicate ester and water under hydrolysis conditions in the presence of a sufficient amount of solvent that the reaction mixture remains as a single phase, adding sufficient acid neutralizing agent to form a gel and separating solvent and water from the resulting silica. In a preferred embodiment, the ester and water are added to a very small amount of solvent, the addition of water being sufficiently slow that it is added at about the rate it is used up in the hydrolysis reaction. The resulting silica does not require the washing step to remove alkali metal ions since it is not made from sodium silicate, and it has large pore structure because it can be made in a relatively concentrated solution because of the use of only a minimum amount of solvent and also because the hydrolysis is carried out under conditions wherein only a single phase is produced. The resulting silica is suitable for chromatographic columns and fillers in rubber and plastics but is or primary utility as a base for a chromium oxide catalyst because of its simplicity in production and inherent large pore volume.

Foamable glass composition and glass foam

Abstract: Foamable glass composition suitable for making glass foam, which starts from water glass material and consisting essentially of 100 parts by weight of anhydrous modified sodium silicate and 0.5-4 parts by weight of CaCO 3 as a foaming agent. A foam in the closed-cell form, which is light is in weight, and excellent water resistance, strength and heat resistance, is obtained, wherein CO 2 in a gas existing in the cell is 50% by volume or more.

Method for producing fire-resistant thermally insulating board

Abstract: A method for producing a fire-resistant, thermally insulating board, which comprises applying liquid hydrated sodium silicate (B) onto the inner surface of a facing materiai or sheet (A), spreading powdery hydrated sodium silicate (C) over the said applied surface, laying the said spread surface on (1) a facing material or sheet (D), (2) a facing material or sheet (D) applied in advance with liquid hydrated sodium silicate (B) or (3) a facing material or sheet having powdery hydrated sodium silicate (C) spread further over the applied surface of (2), implementing the heating and pressing procedure for gluing the assembly, and laminating the resulting fire-resistant board (E) with rigid isocyanurate foam (F). The fire-resistant, thermally insulating board shows reduced fusing and combustion of the rigid isocyanurate foam (F) even when exposed to flame and possesses superior mechanical properties.

Thermally Stimulated Currents in Sodium Silicate Glasses

Abstract: Sodium-ion motion in three sodium silicate glasses and a sodium aluminosilicate glass was investigated by the thermally stimulated polarization (TSPC) and depolarization (TSDC) current techniques. The two TSDC peaks found in the sodium silicate glasses were attributed to localized sodium-ion movement around a nonbridging oxygen ion, a type of dipolar orientational polarization, and to a longer-range sodium motion leading to interfacial polarization at the immiscible phase boundaries. The high-temperature background (HTB) current corresponded to the sodium motion for dc conductivity and diffusion. The commonly observed dc absorption current was found to be related to the two TSDC peaks.

Method for retarding gelation of crutcher slurries containing bicarbonate, carbonate and silicate

Abstract: Gelation, setting, and solidification of desirably miscible and pumpable aqueous crutcher slurries of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and sodium silicate are retarded or prevented by admixing of the sodium silicate component of the medium, as an aqueous solution, concurrently with gaseous carbon dioxide, with a slurry of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate in water. During such addition the pH of the slurry is desirably controlled so as to be about 9.9. Although pressurized liquid carbon dioxide is normally employed as a source of the gas, it is within the invention to utilize solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) or liquid carbon dioxide directly, and pieces, particles and droplets thereof may be added to the crutcher mix, wherein they will vaporize quickly. The crutcher slurries may be spray dried and the resulting products are useful as base materials for absorbing nonionic detergent applied to them in liquid state, to produce a particulate heavy duty synthetic organic detergent composition.

Method of making zeolites

Abstract: A method of simultaneously producing or co-synthesizing a combination of zeolite X and zeolite A by separately preparing a sodium aluminate solution and a sodium silicate solution, adding the sodium aluminate solution to the sodium silicate solution activated with a relatively small amount of zeolite X seed or bulk product, mixing the solutions together under controlled conditions of temperature and time and heating the mixture to a desired temperature for sufficient time to form a product which is a combination of zeolite X and zeolite A of about 40 percent to 60 percent crystalline with the remainder being an amorphous functional binder

Method for binding particulate materials

Abstract: A method for binding particulate materials which involves mixing the particulate material with a solution containing lithiumions, blending sodium silicate into the mixture and subsequently shaping the mixture to the desired form and curing same by microwave radiation

Penetrating compositions for wet removal of friable insulation materials

Abstract: A two component stripping composition useful for removing a friable material, one of said parts comprising an aqueous silicate solution comprising a water soluble metal silicate such as potassium silicate or a mixture of potassium silicate and sodium silicate and a cationic or nonionic surfactant and the other part comprising an acrylic polymer dispersion component comprising an acrylic polymer latex and a reagent that reacts with alkali metal silicate. The two parts are mixed to provide a blended composition ready for application having a solids content between 5 and 30 weight percent. The stripping composition is particularly useful for wet removal of friable asbestos-containing materials.

Machine dishwashing composition

Abstract: A composition in solid or liquid form for machine dishwashing is disclosed, containing a builder such as a phosphate salt, an alkaline material such as sodium silicate and a halite such as sodium chlorite. The composition is for use with a machine incoporating an ultraviolet light source to irradiate the dishes and/or the liquor. The composition may also include a low-foaming or non-foaming surfactant and other usual adjuncts, especially enzymes. An exemplified composition is 33% tripolyphosphate, 27% sodium disilicate, 33% chlorite, 7% sodium tetraborate.

Insulating fiber mixture, adhesive, and process

Abstract: A fiber adhesive is provided which is a mixture of sodium silicate and an acrylic resin, as well as a method for preparing the adhesive and spraying a mixture of the adhesive and the fiber.

Methods of producing superconductors

Abstract: A method of coating products such as metallic coil formers and wire containing the components of an intermetallic superconductive compound in which the coating is flexible at room temperatures but which has good insulating properties after heat treatment, the coating comprising a mixture of sodium silicate, chalk and China clay which reacts on heat treatment to form an insulating ceramic but which is flexible when merely dried.

Light colored roofing granules

Abstract: Roofing granules coated with insolubilized reaction product of a coating composition comprising water, kaolin clay, sodium silicate, titanium dioxide and ammonium nitrate or nitrate of one or more group 1A metals.

Novel foundry sand binding compositions

Abstract: This application discloses two novel binding compositions for making silicate bonded cores and molds. In one of the binding compositions disclosed ammonia or an amine such as an ethanol amine is added to a concentrated alkali metal silicate in the amount generally in excess of 1 or 2 percent, but not so much as to decrease the solids content of the sodium silicate to more than about 95% of its original concentration. The precipitation or gellation which normally occurs in such systems can be dispersed by intensive mixing. The second novel composition is an adjuvant suitable for use in silicate bonded sands, which adjuvant is obtained by reacting a reducing sugar, an optional dicarboxylic acid or acid anhydride and boric acid. The dicarboxylic acid or acid anhydride comprises from 0% to 12% by weight of mixture, the boric acid comprises from 1/2% to 2% of the mixture and the balance is the reducing sugar.

Spray-dried aluminosilicate detergents containing silicate and metaborate

Abstract: Detergent compositions containing water-insoluble aluminosilicate ion exchange materials, organic surface active agents, sodium silicate having an SiO2 :alkali metal oxide weight ratio of from about 0.8:1 to 2.3:1, and an alkali metal metaborate. The compositions are produced by drying an aqueous slurry. The resulting compositions are effective laundry detergent in the form of crisp, free-flowing granules which are highly soluble when made and which maintain their solubility on aging.

Chemical Durability of Sodium Silicate Glasses Containing AI2O3 and ZrO2

Abstract: A sodium silicate glass and ternary glasses derived from it by substituting AI2O3 and ZrO2 for SiO2 were exposed to water and aqueous solutions of pH 1.4 to 12.7; the kinetics of the reactions were studied. Diffusion of alkali ions and leaching of alkali and SiO2 from the glasses were influenced by the occupancy of surface sites by alkali ions above a critical pH; however, the activation energies of the processes varied linearly with the logarithm of mole fraction of surface sites occupied by Hplus;. Identical slopes were obtained for all glasses for a given process. The results are explained on the basis that transport of alkali ions is retarded as a result of increased boundary concentration and that suitable sites for reaction are lacking.

Controlling the curing time of alkali metal silicates using derivatives of glyoxal

Abstract: A liquid alkali metal silicate composition comprises water, an alkali metal, e.g., sodium silicate, and as curing agent for said alkali metal silicate, a derivative of glyoxal which is 2,3-dihydroxy-1,4-dioxane or glyoxal trimer. The composition optionally contains a Group I-III metal salt, e.g., calcium chloride and hydrogen peroxide. It is easily pumpable and injectable at a temperature of 100° F. or higher.

Method of manufacturing flame and abuse resistant fiber panel and products resulting

Abstract: A method of manufacturing flame and abuse resistant fiber panels by treating the surface of water-laid fiber mats with an aqeuous slurry of sodium silicate and calicum carbonate and drying the mats is disclosed. The slurry is applied to the wet mat after wet pressing and before drying while the mat still contains considerable moisture content. The resulting products present a hard, abuse resistant, flame resistant and water resistant surface.

Petroleum and gas well enhancement agent

Abstract: Recovery of gas and oil is enhanced by the removal of paraffin and other hydrocarbons from wells by flushing the wells with water containing a polymer of a primary alcohol and ethylene oxide plus sodium silicate.

Gel forming compositions

Abstract: A substantially dry powder composition which when mixed with water forms a gel comprises a swelling clay, a sodium silicate having a silica to soda weight ratio of about 2.65:1 or below and an inorganic gelling agent for the sodium silicate which gelling agent does not introduce ions which significantly lower the gelling capacity of the clay. The composition is particularly suitable for use in coal mines as an anti-combustion material.

Process for surface treatment of stainless steel sheet

Abstract: A process for surface treatment of stainless steel sheets for excellent corrosion resistance and gloss is provided according to which a BA film or a passive film is formed on the stainless steel sheet; the sheet is dipped in a treatment solution containing 0.1 to 50% by weight of phosphoric acid, 0.1 to 10.0% by weight of a molybdate, chromic acid or a mixture thereof, and 0.1 to 2.0% by weight of magnesium oxide, sodium silicate or a mixture thereof; and cathodic treatment is carried out under the conditions of 1 to 600 A.sec/dm2 integrated electric current density and 0° to 90° C. solution temperature.

Method for the production of more water-resistant foamed elements from waterglass containing natural latex dispersion

Abstract: A method for the production of a more water-resistant foamed element from waterglass consisting essentially of the steps of mixing together a major amount of an alkali metal silicate solution, with inorganic fillers, at least one alkali-resistant wetting agent in an amount sufficient to form a stable foam, at least one compound capable of hardening a waterglass foam in an amount sufficient to cause said alkali metal silicate to harden, and sufficient natural latex dispersion to cause the foamed element to have a greater water resistance, mechanically foaming said mixture by the incorporation of an inert gas thereon, filling the resultant foam into an element form capable of disassembly, curing said foam in said form, and recovering a more water-resistant foamed and cured element. Preferably the natural latex dispersion is employed in a 50% dispersion in an amount of from 0.2% to 30% by weight, preferably from 0.2% to 10% by weight, based on the total mixture. The alkali metal silicate solution used has, in the case of sodium silicate, a solids content of about 27% to 43% by weight at an SiO 2 /Na 2 O molar ratio of about 4 : 1 to 3 : 1 and in the case of potassium silicate a solids content of about 20% to 36% by weight at an SiO 2 /K 2 O molar ratio of about 4 : 1 to 3.4 : 1, it being possible to use any desired mixture ratios of the mentioned alkali metal silicates. The mixture may optionally contain an addition of 0.1% to 2.5% by weight, preferably from 1% to 2% by weight of B 2 O 3 . Preferably the wetting agent added to the mixture is an anionic tenside, such as a sodium C 14-16 alkylsulfonate, in an amount of from 0.1% to 10% by weight, preferably from 4% to 6% by weight in the form of a 30% aqueous solution. The fillers to be added to the mixture are inorganic compounds of light specific gravity in a grain size up to 0.1 mm and in an amount of up to 50% by weight, preferably from 10% to 20% by weight. The hardeners are preferably proportioned into the mixture during foaming in amounts of from 1% to 10% by weight, preferably from 2% to 6% by weight. The preferred hardener is glycerine triacetate.

Process for the preparation of crystalline sodium silicates and the crystallised forms of hydrated silicon dioxide, the products obtained in the process and their application

Abstract: The crystalline sodium silicates and crystallised forms of hydrated silicon dioxide are prepared by heating sodium carbonate and quartz at elevated temperature. According to the invention, sodium carbonate of up to 2 mm in particle size and quartz powder having a surface area according to BET of 0.03 to 20 m /g are thoroughly mixed with one another in a molar ratio of 1:1.9 to 1:3 and then heat-treated at temperatures between 400 and 900 DEG C for three to ten hours or melted at temperatures between 900 and 1100 DEG C for half an hour to three hours to give glass, which is then cooled, and the solidified glass is again heat-treated at temperatures between 400 and 860 DEG C for four to nine hours. The sodium silicate obtained is then isolated and treated with acid in order to prepare crystallised forms of the hydrated silicon dioxide. The products obtained in the process are used as fillers, carriers, catalysts and catalyst supports.

Granular flux for pipe welding

Abstract: An agglomerated welding flux especially designed to produce tandem arc seam welds having low profiles, increased penetration, and minimal undercutting. The flux includes aluminium oxide and silicon dioxide in the form of kyanite, magnesium oxide, manganese oxide, and sodium silicate as a binder.

Thermal expansion of lead silicate glasses

Abstract: The thermal expansion, when heated from 77 to 273 K, of two samples of lead silicate glass, containing 21 and 28.5 mol % PbO, has been measured. The temperature dependence of the thermal expansion coefficient, α, is in qualitative agreement with the expansion behaviour of sodium silicate glass. However, the addition of ∼ 21 mol % PbO to silica is required to produce an increase in the magnitude of α comparable to the addition of only ∼ 10 mol % Na2O. The differences in the magnitudes of α for lead and soda glasses are considered in the right of previous proposals for their structures.

Production of metallic magnetic powder

Abstract: PURPOSE:To produce metallic magnetic powder having excellent particle orientation property with extremely less sintering by coating particles of needle-like iron oxyhydroxide and/or iron oxide with a water soluble polymer, fine particles SiO2 and Al(OH)3 in this order then subjecting the particles to a heat treatment follwed by a heating and reducing treatment. CONSTITUTION:Needle-like iron oxyhydroxide and of needle-like iron oxide are thoroughly dispersed in water contg. anionic surfactants. A water soluble polymer resin is added to these particles at 0.5-10wt% based on the iron atoms to form the uniform polymer resin films on the surfaces of the raw material particles. Thereafter 0.5-5.0wt% fine particles SiO2 based on the iron atoms are coated thereon by neutralization with sodium silicate and futher Al(OH)3 to form 0.1-3.0wt% Al2O3 based on the iron atoms are coated thereon by neutralization with AlCl3, etc. After such coated particles are filtered, rinsed and dried, the particles are heated to 500-700 deg.C in an inert gaseous atmosphere and are then subjected to a heating and reducing treatment in a reducing gaseous atmosphere.