Showing papers on "Sodium sulfide published in 1980"

Sulfide glasses: Glass forming region, structure and ionic conduction of glasses in Na2SXS2 (XSi; Ge), Na2SP2S5 and Li2SGeS2 systems

Abstract: Na 2 S forms with GeS 2 , SiS 2 and P 2 S 5 stable glasses with a large range of composition as well as a Li 2 SGeS 2 system. A vibrational assignment in terms of terminal (GeS) and bridge (GeSGe) stretching has been made (Na 2 SGeS 2 system). The ionic transport number obtained by e.m.f. measurements (glasses 0.5 Na 2 S0.5 XS 2 (XGe, Si)) was found to be equal to 1. The electrical conductivity of these glasses has been measured over a range of temperature (−20°C, 150°C) and composition by the complex impedance diagram method. The glass 0.5 Li 2 S0.5 GeS 2 exhibits good conductivity 4 × 10 −5 ω −1 cm −1 (20°C) higher than the best conductive glasses currently known. Replacement of the oxygen atom by a sulphur atom (comparison with oxide glasses at the same composition) is found to noticeably improve the ionic conductivity. This may be due to a great polarisability of the sulphur. For the glasses with the same molar ratio in sodium sulfide, the ionic conductivity increases when the electronegativity of the network forming sulfide decreases.

Metal chelation in sedimentary systems

Abstract: An aqueous suspension of clay, dolomite, quartz, and organic matter was sedimented through a saline solution containing trace amounts of copper and zinc and accumulated on an organic‐rich layer where sulfide was being generated by sulfate‐reducing bacteria. A control system was set up in which the organic matter was omitted and the sulfide provided by diffusion of a sodium sulfide solution from beneath the sediments. In the organic system the copper and zinc were separated and fixed in different sedimentary layers, whereas in the control system they precipitated together. Metal distributions in the former system indicated that copper forms soluble metal‐organic complexes that keep the copper in solution in the presence of sulfide. Zinc also forms metal‐organic complexes, but these are apparently not resistant to sorption and precipitation processes.

Recovery of alkali values from trona ore

Abstract: Alkali values are recovered in a cyclic method from mechanically mined trona ore or from trona deposits by a solution mining technique utilizing a solvent comprising an aqueous solution of sodium sulfide. The ore is solubilized as sodium carbonate which is precipitated as sodium sesquicarbonate and/or sodium bicarbonate by treating the solution with hydrogen sulfide and the precipitated salt separated from the mother liquor. In the process, sodium sulfide and hydrogen sulfide become converted into sodium hydrosulfide which is contained in the mother liquor. Heat treatment of the mother liquor converts the sodium hydrosulfide into sodium sulfide thereby regenerating a solution of sodium sulfide which is recycled to the trona ore and into hydrogen sulfide which is evolved and recycled to the sodium carbonate solution.

Synthesis and properties of [3.3](2,5)furano(2,5)thiophenophane and [3.3](2,5)thiophenophane

Abstract: The title compounds have been synthesized via a route involving cyclization of 4,4′-(2,5-furandiyl)bis(1-bromo-2-butanone) with sodium sulfide followed by condensation with glyoxal to give 1,11-dioxo[3.3](2,5)furano(2,5)thiophenophane, a new intramolecular CT complex. A solution of [3.3](2,5)thiophenophane contains anti and syn conformers in a ratio of ca. 20:1 as shown by a VT-NMR study.

A process for making an extreme pressure lubricating oil additive

Abstract: of EP0032281An additive for improving extreme pressure properties of lubricating oils may be produced, without the need for a recovery step involving treatment with aqueous caustic, by reacting sulfur monochloride with a monoolefin, for example isobutene, to form an adduct, reacting the resulting adduct with sulfur and sodium sulfide in an aqueous alkanol medium using from 0.1 to 0.4 gram atom of sulfur per gram mole of sodium sulfide, and then recovering the reaction product from this latter reaction. The invention includes both the additive and the process, lubricating oil compositions comprising the additive and lubricating oil additive packages comprising the additives and one or more conventional lubricating oil additives.

Macromolecular composition sensitive to light and radiation

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a positive type photosensitive polymer of high sensitivity, by using a polymer havng sulfide bonds. CONSTITUTION:The photosensitive material to be used is a polymer having one or more sulfide bonds (-C-Sn-C-, n is 1-5) in a molecule, such as ring opening polymers of a cyclic sulfide compound, polymeric condensates of alkyldihalogenide and sodium sulfide, or addition polymerizates of diolefin and alkyldimercaptide. When the above polymer is irradiated by light (visible light, ultraviolet rays, or various kinds of radiations), its sulfide bonds are efficiently decomposed, resulting in converting the polymer into a low molecular weight product exhibiting high solubility in solvents.

Removing method of mercury and selenium from sulfuric acid sludge

Abstract: PURPOSE:To conduct Hg and Se recovery from sludge with high yield by a method wherein sulfuric acid sludge which contains Hg and Se is treated by attrition method in solution made acidic by sulfuric acid and then processed by floatation selection. CONSTITUTION:Sulfuric acid sludge which contains Hg and Se is formed in preparing sulfuric acid from SO2 gas produced in non-ferrous metal smelting process. Such sludge is treated with attrition in acid sulfuric solution and subject to flotation in acid at pH3 or less. At this time, MIBC is used as foaming agent and Aerofloate No.208 as collector. Selenide of Hg is recovered as floatation concentrate in a high yield. Settled tailing, if it contains 0.004% or more Hg concentration, is treated by sulfurizing using a sulfurizer such as hydrogen sulfide, sodium sulfide, sodium thiosulfate. The tailing is then retreated by floatation to form sulfide floatation material and tamade as floatation repeat material, together with refined tailing produced in floation cleaning.

Production of thioodiiphthalic acid or anhydride

Abstract: PURPOSE:The reaction of 4-halogen substituted phthalic acid with an alkali sulfide is conducted in an aprotonic solvent to produce industrially title compound useful as the starting material of heat-resistant polyimide resion or modifier of various kinds of resins inexpensively. CONSTITUTION:The reaction 4-halogenophthalic aicd or its anhydride with an alkali sulfide such as sodium sulfide or potassium sulfide is conducted in an aprotonic solvent such as N,N-dimethylformamide or methyl-pyrrolidone to give thio- di-phthalic acid or its anhydride. The reaction temperature is preferably 80-150 deg.C. After the completion of reaction, the solvent is distilled off and the residue is made into an aqueous solution. Then, 2-3 parts by volume, per one part of the aqueous solution, of an organic solvent such as acetone is added to the solution to precipitate the objective compound.

Polymer positive image forming method

Abstract: PURPOSE:To form a polymer positive image with high sensitivity and high resolving power by utilizing the decomposability of a high molecular compound having sulfide bonds and using the compound as a photoresist. CONSTITUTION:A high molecular compound having one or more sulfide bonds in each molecule and a mol. wt. of about 1,000 or more is used. The compound includes a ring opened polymer of a cyclic sulfide compound such as ethylene sulfide or cyclohexene sulfide and a high mol. wt. condensate of alkyl dihalide and sodium sulfide. A soln. of the high molecular compound in an org. solvent is coated onto a substrate such as a glass plate or a silicon plate and dried to form a polymer film. The film is then imagewise exposed by irradiating light or radiation, and the irradiated portion of the film is dissolution-removed by solvent treatment to obtain the desired positive image.

Recovering method for indium from indiummcontaining substance

Abstract: PURPOSE:To efficiently recover In from an In-contg. substance in a high yield by subjecting a slon. leached from the substance with sulfuric acid to reduction and neutralization; separating a precipitate formed; alkali-treating it in the presence of hydrogen peroxide; sulfide-treating a soln. leached from the resulting slurry with sulfuric acid; and neutralizing the sulfurized soln. CONSTITUTION:A soln. leached from an In-contg. substance such as lead slag contg. coexistent As, Pb, Zn, etc. with sulfuric acid is neutralized to pH3-4 with alkali in the presence of a reducing agent, and a precipitate formed is separation- recovered. By alkali treatment in the presence of hydrogen peroxide the precipitate is adjusted to pH>=13 and filtered. A soln. leached from the resulting slurry with sulfuric acid is sulfurized with sulfide such as sodium sulfide, and a precipitate formed is removed to obtain a sulfurized soln., which is then neutralized to pH3-4 with alkali to form a precipitate. This precipitate is collected, and by further purifying the resulting slurry, In is recovered.

Oxygen catching composition

Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide oxygen catching compositions which are inexpensive, very useful and can control the amount and velocity of oxygen-absorption by containing alkali metal sulfides, silica, alumina, selenium and/or telluriam compound as the components of oxygen catching composition. CONSTITUTION:At least one selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulfides such a sodium sulfide and hydrates thereof, silica, alumina, silica-alumina and silica-magnesia is added to selenium compound such as selenium dioxide and/or tellurium compound such as tellurium dioxide to produce oxygen catching composition. The proportion used of each of the components is varied depending on the purpose of the use to control the amount and velocity of oxygen-absorption, i.e. the heating value and velocity. By utilizing the oxygen-absorbing action, the oxygen catching composition is used for the preservation and the prevention against putrefaction of foods and chemicals. By utilizing the exothermic action, the composition is used as heat insulator.

Curing agent for polyurethane elastomer

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a polyurethane elastomer having improved mechanical properties, with a high operating efficiency, by using a specific aromatic diamine as a curing agent. CONSTITUTION:An aromatic diamine compound, e.g. 4, 4'-diamino-dichlorodibenzyl sulfide, of the formula (X is S or O; Y and Z are H or halogen), obtained by reducing a dinitro compound, formed from the corresponding nitrobenzyl halide and sodium sulfide, with iron powder, acetic acid, etc., as a curing agent is used for a reaction mixture of a polyisocyanate and a polyol or a prepolymer having terminal isocyanate groups. The equivalent ratio of the amino group in the agent or the amino group and the hydroxyl group in the polyol to the isocyanate group is preferably 0.8-1.2:1. EFFECT:The low-melting agent provides greatly improved operating efficiency.

Method of preparing sodium sulfide

Abstract: FIELD: chemical industry, more particularly creation of new and reconstruction of existing sodium sulfide production processes. SUBSTANCE: method comprises reductive roasting of barium sulfate, crushing the resulting barium sulfide melt, leaching it and converting barium sulfide into sodium sulfide by reaction with sodium sulfate filtering suspension to give sodium sulfide solution and barium sulfate precipitate recycled to reductive roasting stage. In this case, conversion process is carried out by introducing solid waste products, solutions and sodium sulfate sewage into solution or pulp from barium sulfide melt crushing and leaching stage at initial barium sulfide concentration of 18-30 wt % and amount of sodium sulfate of 100-110% of stoichiometric amount. Water- insoluble admixtures present in barium sulfide melt are withdrawn from process either continuously or as they accumulate by clearing barium sulfide pulp prior to conversion of barium sulfide into sodium sulfide. Reductive roasting of barium sulfate is carried out by using solid waste products of carbonaceous materials, e.g. oil coke fines, metallurgical coke siftings or the like as reducing agents. Sodium sulfide solution is boiled down in single stage in vacuum evaporation device to concentration of 63-65 wt %, whereupon aqueous melt is granulated or poured into drums where is becomes solidified. EFFECT: high intensity of processes of conversion and filtration of suspensions and top guality of the final product. 4 cl

Charging method of sodiummsulfur cell

Abstract: PURPOSE:To increase the charging capacity and to improve quick charging performance by performing the charging with temperature different from cell temperature during discharging CONSTITUTION:When charging sodium-sulfur cell comprising solid electrolytic tube 1 composed of beta-alumina, sulfur or sodium sulfide 2 anode active material immersed in graphite, sodium cathode active material 3, etc, it is charged with temperature different from cell temperature during discharge For example it is discharged at 300 degC while charged at 325 degC, 350 degC, 375 degC

Treatment of indium hydroxide precipitate containing coexistent other metal component

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain indium mud of high purity from an indium hydroxide precipitate contg. coexistent other metal components by dissolving the precipitate in sulfuric acid after which this soln. is sulfurized and neutralized to a specified pH range to efficiently remove the impurities. CONSTITUTION:An In-contg. substance such as lead slag contg. coexistent Cd, Zn, As, etc. is leached with sulfuric acid, and the leached soln. is neutralized with caustic alkali to form an indium hydroxide precipitate contg. impurities such as Cd, Zn and As. The precipitate is then dissolved in sulfuric acid, and this soln. of In in sulfuric acid is sulfurized by blowing SO2 gas into the soln. or adding acidic sodium sulfide. After separation-removing a sulfide solid formed the sulfurized soln. is neutralized to pH3-4 with alkali hydroxide, and by separation-recovering the resulting solid component the desired indium mud is obtd.

Harmful sludge treating method

Abstract: PURPOSE:To make harmful matter-contg. waste such as sludge or dust harmless by uniformly mixing (hemihydrate) gypsum and a specified sulfur-contg. cpd. into the waste followed by solidification. CONSTITUTION:To 100pts. wt. of harmful waste contg. harmful matter such as heavy metals and cyanogen, e.g. sludge of 60-90% water content or dust are added 50-1000pts. wt. of gypsum and/or hemihydrate gypsum and 0.1-50pts. wt. of one or more kinds of sulfur and sulfur-contg. cpds. selected from colloidal sulfur, water sol. org. cpds. each having a MW below 1000 and contg. thiocarbamate, thiourea or thiol group in its molecule, ferrous sulfate, sodium sulfide and calcium sulfide. They are then uniformly mixed and solidified.

A systematic chemical separation for thermal neutron activation analysis of seven noble metals in rock.

Abstract: A method for the systematic activation analysis of seven noble metals--ruthenium, silver, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum and gold--in rocks were developed and examined with radiotracers and irradiated rock samples. After the fusion of the irradiated rock sample with sodium hydroxide and sodium peroxide, 10% sodium sulfide solution is added and rhenium is extracted with pyridine-benzene mixture from 6N sodium hydroxide solution. From the hydroxide-sulfide precipitate fraction, ruthenium and osmium are distilled as tetroxides, silver is precipitated as chloride, gold is extracted with ethyl acetate, and iridium and platinum are extracted with diantipyrylmethane. Each fraction is purified and subjected to the gamma-ray spectrometry. Chemical yields for the elements are more than 60%. Determination limits are given for the seven elements.

Process for benefication of fluorspar ores

Abstract: An improvement is provided in a process fortheflotation of an acid grade fluorspar enriched concentrate, having a sulfide sulfur content not greater than about 0.02%, from a fluorspar ore containing in addition to fluorspar substantial amounts of gangue minerals and metallic sulfide accessory minerals. The invention utilizes in this conventional flotation process an alkali metal sulfide, preferably sodium sulfide, as a depressor reagent, in substitution of environmentally objectionable sodium cyanide, to depress the flotation of metallic sulfide minerals, thereby rendering a flotation concentrate low in sulfide sulfur content while substantially reducing associated environmental effects.

Reactions of the 2,2′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-4,4′-bispyrylium cation with bases

Abstract: From 2,2′,6,6′-tetra-tert-buty1-4,4′-bispyrylium perchlorate by the action of aqueous solutions of sodium acetate or caustic soda we have obtained a spiran containing pyran and dihydrofuran rings the structure of which has been established by the x-ray structural method. It has been shown that under the same conditions sodium sulfide reduces the bispyrylium salt to 2,2′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-4,4′-bispyranylidene. For the product of the interaction of the bispyrylium salt with aqueous ammonia the structure of an unsaturated tetraketone is suggested. Possible mechanisms of the formation of the compounds mentioned are discussed.

Separation of indium from substance leached from indiummcontaining substance with sulfuric acid

Abstract: PURPOSE:To separate selectively and efficiently In from an In-contg. substance such as lead slag by reducing a soln. leached from the substance with sulfuric acid and neutralizing the reduced soln. to a specified pH range with alkali. CONSTITUTION:In separation of In from an In-contg. substance such as Cd refining by-product lead slag contg. coexistent As, Zn, Pb, Cd, Te, Tl, etc., the substance is leached with sulfuric acid, and the leached soln. is reduced by blowing SO2 into the soln., adding Cu dust and agitating, or adding hydrogen sulfide or acidic sodium sulfide. The reduced soln. is then adjusted to pH3-4 by treatment with alkali hydroxide to precipitate In in the soln. as hydroxide of high purity.

2,6-bisorganylsulfonyl-1,4-dithiafulvenes

Abstract: The reactions of organyl β,β-dichlorovinyl sulfones with sulfur-containing nucleophiles, viz., sodium sulfide and salts of alkylxanthic acids, have been studied. A preparative method for synthesizing heretofore unknown 2,6-bisorganylsulfonyl-1,4-dithiafulvenes from organyl β,β-dichlorovinyl sulfones and Na2S·9H2O in ethanol has been proposed. The isomeric composition of the compounds synthesized was studied, and their easy isomerization in an acidic medium has been established.

Synthesis and properties of (3.3)(2,5)furano(2,5)thiophenophane and (3.3)(2,5)thiophenophane

Abstract: The title compounds have been synthesized via a route involving cyclization of 4,4′-(2,5-furandiyl)bis(1-bromo-2-butanone) with sodium sulfide followed by condensation with glyoxal to give 1,11-dioxo[3.3](2,5)furano(2,5)thiophenophane, a new intramolecular CT complex. A solution of [3.3](2,5)thiophenophane contains anti and syn conformers in a ratio of ca. 20:1 as shown by a VT-NMR study.

Measurement of distribution of lead system stabilizer in resin

Abstract: PURPOSE:To measure the distribution of lead system stabilizer contained in resin simply and quickly by making the resin moldings contact with hydrogen sulfide and sulfur ions and by observing a discoloring part produced on the surface of moldings. CONSTITUTION:A pipe made of vinyl chloride resin that contains lead stearate as a stabilizer is put in a test tank, which contains hydrogen sulfide of 2000ppm, at 50 deg.C for about 10 minutes, discoloring parts of a striped pattern (black, lead sulfide generated by a reaction between lead stearate and hydrogen sulfide) is observed to show the distribution of lead system stabilizer. Also, the same discoloration occurs when the pipe is dipped in aqueous solution of sodium sulfide in place of hydrogen sulfide.