Topic
Solar constant
About: Solar constant is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 967 publications have been published within this topic receiving 29647 citations.
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01 Mar 1974
TL;DR: In this paper, the problem of possible variations of the solar constant and solar spectrum and their influence on the earth-atmosphere system and weather related phenomena is examined, and it is shown that the solar energy input parameters should be determined with considerably greater accuracy and precision than has been possible.
Abstract: Measurements made at high altitudes from aircraft have resulted in the establishment of standard values of the solar constant and extraterrestrial solar spectral irradiance These standard values and other solar spectral curves are described The problem of possible variations of the solar constant and solar spectrum and their influence on the earth-atmosphere system and weather related phenomena is examined It is shown that the solar energy input parameters should be determined with considerably greater accuracy and precision than has been possible An instrument package designed as a compact, low weight solar energy monitor in space (SEMIS) is described
1 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the average values of optical Flare Index for 2010 - 2016 were calculated and the energy spectrum (the dependence of the number of flares with the full energy E from the value of this full energy) for 115 flares of M5 - X7 classes was built.
Abstract: The large (X-ray class > M1) and very large (X-ray class >X1) flares (according to the observations of GOES-15 and Preliminary data from Current Catalog of Flare Events) in solar activity cycle 24 were analyzed. The monthly average values of optical Flare Index for 2010 - 2016 were calculated. The values of the total energy of the flare E (J m-2) in the 0.1 -- 0.8 nm range at the level of the earth's atmosphere were estimated. The energy spectrum (the dependence of the number of flares with the full energy E from the value of this full energy) for 115 flares of M5 - X7 classes was built. The comparative study of monthly averaged values of several indices of solar activity in current cycle 24: the relative sunspot numbers (SSN), the 10.7 cm radio flux, the radiation flux in the Lyman-alpha line, the solar constant (TSI) and the Flare Index (FI) was made.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors designed a new type of optical system for solar simulators to simulate a solar collimation angle of 32′ and an irradiance of one solar constant at the same time.
Abstract: To solve the bottleneck caused by the fact that solar simulators are unable to simulate a solar collimation angle of 32′ and an irradiance of one solar constant at the same time, we designed a new type of optical system for solar simulators. Five major design aspects of the optical system are addressed: the hybrid condenser, collimation lens, field stop, optimization of the optical integrator and the effects on the non-uniformity when the projector lens is defocused. The results show that the solar simulator described in this paper can realize a solar angle of 32′ and an irradiance of one solar constant. Meanwhile, the non-uniformity is less than ±1.34% when the irradiation area has a diameter that is no more than 100 mm and in the 100–300 mm diameter range is less than ±3.8%.
1 citations
01 Oct 1968
TL;DR: In this paper, solar radiative flux measurements from aircraft, discussing instrumental limitations on precision, were discussed, and the limitations of the precision of the measurements were discussed. But they did not discuss the instrumental limitations of precision.
Abstract: Solar radiative flux measurements from aircraft, discussing instrumental limitations on precision
1 citations
01 Jan 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of ice caps-temperature-albedo feedback on the global climate is examined by means of a two-dimensional energy balance model under some approximations the new modelis simplified into Seller's one-dimensional model.
Abstract: The effect of ice caps-temperature-albedo feedback on the global climate is examined bymeans of a two-dimensional energy balance model. Under some approximations the new modelis simplified into Seller's one-dimensional model. According to the calculation made by us,therequirement for the ice edge to move southward from the normal 72° to 50°N (i.e. wherethe glacial climate would take place) is that the solar constant should decrease about 15%rather than 2% as predicted by some authors according to the one-dimensional model. Thismeans that the climate can not drastically "deteriorate" even if the solar energy outputdecreases slightly.
1 citations