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Solar constant
About: Solar constant is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 967 publications have been published within this topic receiving 29647 citations.
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TL;DR: The most energetic low-degree p-mode oscillations in the five-minute band have amplitudes of a few parts per million of the total irradiance, and positively detect modes with l = 0, 1, and 2 as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The total solar irradiance measurements obtained by the active-cavity radiometer on board the Solar Maximum Mission have been analyzed for evidence of global oscillations. We find that the most energetic low-degree p-mode oscillations in the five-minute band have amplitudes of a few parts per million of the total irradiance, and we positively detect modes with l = 0, 1, and 2. The distribution in l differs from that of the velocity spectrum, with relatively more power at lower l values. The individual modes have narrow line widths, corresponding to values of Q greater than a few thousand, or lifetimes of at least a week. We do not detect the 160-min oscillation in the power spectrum, and place an upper limit of 5 parts per million (99.9% confidence) on its amplitude.
57 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an empirical extension of the Spectral And Total Irradiance Reconstruction (SATIRE) models employing SUSIM data was used to reconstruct solar UV irradiance in the range 115-400 nm over the period 1974-2007.
Abstract: [1] Variations of the solar UV irradiance are an important driver of chemical and physical processes in the Earth's upper atmosphere and may also influence global climate. Here we reconstruct solar UV irradiance in the range 115–400 nm over the period 1974–2007 by making use of the recently developed empirical extension of the Spectral And Total Irradiance Reconstruction (SATIRE) models employing Solar Ultraviolet Spectral Irradiance Monitor (SUSIM) data. The evolution of the solar photospheric magnetic flux, which is a central input to the model, is described by the magnetograms and continuum images recorded at the Kitt Peak National Solar Observatory between 1974 and 2003 and by the Michelson Doppler Imager instrument on SOHO since 1996. The reconstruction extends the available observational record by 1.5 solar cycles. The reconstructed Ly-α irradiance agrees well with the composite time series by Woods et al. (2000). The amplitude of the irradiance variations grows with decreasing wavelength and in the wavelength regions of special interest for studies of the Earth's climate (Ly-α and oxygen absorption continuum and bands between 130 and 350 nm) is 1–2 orders of magnitude stronger than in the visible or if integrated over all wavelengths (total solar irradiance).
57 citations
TL;DR: A set of equations and a FORTRAN program have been developed to calculate extraterrestrial solar radiation on a plane surface of arbitrary inclination and azimuth at any point on the Earth as discussed by the authors.
56 citations
TL;DR: The solar spectral irradiance comparison experiment (SOLSTICE) is one of the ten science instruments on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) launched in 1991 and now successfully operated for more than nine years as discussed by the authors.
56 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a globally averaged, one-dimensional radiative-convective climate model is used to study the effect of clouds on both the climate and the sensitivity of climate to changes in incoming solar radiation.
Abstract: A globally averaged, one-dimensional radiative-convective climate model is used to study the effect of clouds on both the climate and the sensitivity of climate to changes in incoming solar radiation. The model has been run with low, mid and high clouds of different areas, heights and liquid water contents (LWC). The cloud optics in both solar and terrestrial infrared wavelengths are a function of the cloud LWC. In some runs the cloud properties are held fixed. Then the model temperature is strongly dependent upon the selected LWC of clouds, especially when the LWC is small. The model sensitivity to changes in the solar constant is not, however, so strongly dependent upon the selected cloud area, height, or LWC. In other model runs the cloud LWCs are permitted to vary in direct proportion to the water vapor mixing ratio, which changes with temperature. This permits a rough evaluation of the feedback relations between cloud optical properties and climate. Under this hypothesis, variable cloud optics generally serve as a significant negative feedback mechanism in climate change. High thin cirrus can be a special positive feedback case. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1982.tb01813.x
55 citations