Showing papers on "Solenoid published in 1969"

Automatic carbonated beverage dispensing system

Abstract: This invention relates to an automatic beer dispensing system wherein an electrical circuit is actuated by a single selector control remote from the barrels containing the beer to simultaneously operate a solenoid valve to open a line from one barrel to a tap and another solenoid valve to open a line from a source of CO2 gas to the barrel being tapped and to thereafter successively operate corresponding solenoid valves to supply beer from other barrels and CO2 gas to each respective barrel then supplying the beer.

High‐Frequency Fields in Solenoidal Coils

Abstract: A little‐known result of Townsend and Donaldson is extended to show that, for a solenoid carrying ac or rf current, the ratio of the average applied longitudinal field Ez to the induced azimuthal field Eθ at the periphery of the solenoid is equal to the ratio of the circumference of the solenoid to its pitch. For conventional solenoidal coils such as are used to excite electrodeless rf discharges, this ratio is typically ≳15–30. Applicability of the Ez/Eθ ratio to the design of coils and shields is discussed.

Prediction of Transient Stability Limits for Composite Superconductors Subject to Flux Jumping

Abstract: A computer model is described which is capable of predicting the maximum current, the ``threshold current'', which can be carried without quenching a Nb–Ti copper composite superconductor undergoing flux jumping. The model utilizes standard equations governing the generation and flow of heat in a wire to predict its voltage‐versus‐time response as a function of current. Calibration of the model for any specific thermal environment is done by means of a simple test procedure involving measurement of the response following the triggering of a flux jump in a small noninductively wound solenoid of one to four layers. The combination of theoretical and experimental techniques indicates the value of adequate copper cross section and good thermal environment, and suggests the superiority of porous fabric or cadmium foil over more conventional interleaving materials, and of thin insulation over the alternatives of thick insulation or none at all.

Pressurized lubrication system

Abstract: A pressurized lubrication system having a source of air under pressure coupled to a container which holds a quantity of lubricating liquid under a volume of pressurized air, with a metering valve and a check valve in the air line connecting the air source to the pressurized container, and with separate air and lubricant lines extending from the pressurized container to a manifold. The air and lubricant lines each contain a valve, both of which are controlled by a single solenoid, and the solenoid is in turn controlled by a pressure switch operatively connected with the pressurized container to activate the solenoid when the pressure in the container reaches a predetermined high level and to deactivate the solenoid when the pressure in the container reaches a lower predetermined level. The manifold at the end of the air and lubricant lines has metering valves for separately metering the rate of flow of air and lubricant through each of a plurality of coaxial tubes extending outwardly from the manifold, and each of said coaxial tubes have an applicating nozzle at the end thereof.

Full power adaptive braking system for use with a proportional solenoid

Abstract: An adaptive braking system for automotive vehicles and the like having full power hydraulic fluid brakes wherein the rotational speed of a wheel whose braking characteristics are to be controlled is electrically sensed and a DC voltage level proportional to wheel acceleration derived therefrom in an adaptive braking system control channel. Wheel acceleration is compared to various reference levels corresponding to predetermined values of wheel acceleration so as to generate error signals. The error signals are applied to voltage ramp generators which are thus energized to generate ramp voltages across a normally open proportional solenoid valve. The solenoid valve is interposed in the hydraulic fluid line between the braking system control valve and the controlled wheel and in response to the ramp voltages acts to modulate the hydraulic fluid pressure transmitted by the braking system control valve to the wheel brake cylinders.

System controlling the speedy energization of electromagnets, chiefly those controlling the opening of electromagnetic injectors in internal combustion engines

Abstract: System controlling the speedy energization of electromagnets, chiefly those controlling the opening of electromagnetic injectors in internal combustion engines. An arrangement intended chiefly for the energization of electromagnetic solenoids for operating fuel injectors of internal combustion engines wherein the means for energizing the electromagnetic solenoids in the desired sequence receive control signals periodically and at the same frequency as an induction coil fed by the same power supply as said solenoids. The magnetic energy generated in the solenoids and in the induction coil upon termination of the control signals is stored in means such as one or more condensers so as to be recovered for rapidly energizing the proper electromagnetic solenoid for the next injector operation.

Solenoid-operated valve having a plastic solenoid guide tube

Abstract: The pilot-operated diaphragm valve is controlled by a solenoidactuated plunger guided in a plastic tube having a very thin wall to minimize the loss of magnetic coupling while providing freedom from corrosion and electrolysis with reduced wear and substantial reduction or elimination of vibration buzz or hum. The plastic guide is supported throughout its thin wall length by upper and lower flux sleeves of magnetic material separated by a nonmagnetic material which in this case is a portion of the plastic coil bobbin but can alternatively be any nonmagnetic material. The extended lip on the plastic tube helps seal the diaphragm and prevents extrusion of the diaphragm under high pressure. The flat valve face seating on the rigid valve seat insert in the diaphragm alleviates centering problems and allows increased clearance between the plunger and tube.

Improved solenoid having pin and socket connections to the solenoid winding

Abstract: A solenoid including a housing having a cap which constitutes a closure at one end of the housing, a winding within the housing, and a terminal member on the exterior of the cap, the terminal member being electrically connected to the winding. The terminal member is electrically connected to the winding by way of a conductive pin which is carried by the cap and which extends within the housing, and a conductive socket which is connected to one end of the winding. The pin engages in the conductive socket when the solenoid is assembled, and thereby electrically interconnects the terminal member and one end of the winding.

Generation and Switching of Magnetic Energies in the Megajoule Range by Explosive Systems

Abstract: The results of an extensive experimental program on explosive‐driven magnetic flux compression devices of the ``bellows'' type are described and discussed. These generators, in which explosively propelled conducting plates compress the magnetic flux into the final load, have been tested in single and multistage systems, generating axial fields of up to 700 kOe in volumes of the order of liters with a corresponding maximum magnetic energy in the load of 2 MJ. Bellows generators are best suited to match a single‐turn solenoid as the inductive load and it is shown that in particular cases a combination of these generators with the recently described helical ones is of great interest. Particular attention is paid to a switching system (including a closing and opening switch) with which it is possible to transfer the magnetic energy accumulated in the generators into an appropriate inductive load within 10 μsec and less. A simple analysis and the experimental results show that this is feasible, although magnetic flux and energy losses are inevitable, particularly if high switch performances are required (e.g., opening time 1 MA/μsec).

Electrical lock for ignition systems

Abstract: An electrical lock for vehicular ignition systems having adapters that are irremovably interposed between a predetermined number of spark plug cable receptacles and their distributor contacts. The adapters being of two types, a normally open contact type and a normally closed contact type, the normally open contact-type adapter having a spring-loaded solenoid which is activated by an electric key closing an electric circuit to direct current to the solenoid to overcome the spring and close the adapter permitting current to flow from the ignition system battery through the distributor contacts through the spark plug cable to the individual spark plug of the vehicular engine for its operation. The normally closed contact-type adapter has a spring-loaded solenoid which permits electric current to flow from the battery, through the distributor contacts, through the spark plug cable, to the individual spark plug of the vehicular engine. The normally closed contact-type adapter is not effected by the electric key. In the event the electric circuit of the normally closed adapter is tampered with, to cause current to flow to its solenoid, it will activate it to overcome the spring and open the adapter thus preventing current from flowing to the spark plug.

Table of Solenoids with Sixth‐Order Error and Near‐Maximum Power Efficiency

Abstract: In a sixth‐order solenoid of type I (or II), the field errors of second and fourth orders are compensated by a notch in the outer (or inner) cylindrical surface. The power efficiency EF≡G/0.1792, where the Fabry factor G is defined in the same way as for an uncompensated cylindrical coil with the same least radius, and 0.1792 is the largest possible value of G for any such coil. The efficiency of a sixth‐order solenoid is defined to be ``near maximum'' when EF has a value no less than 98% of the maximum for any compensated coil of the same type and normalized volume V. The 2% tolerance permits the choice of an experimental coil to be influenced by properties that may be more sensitive to changes in geometry than is EF. Coils of type I are relatively long, with a maximum EF of 0.692 at V≅200. In type II coils, the diameter often exceeds the length, and the maximum EF is 0.884 at V≅300. Separate tables with V1/2 as argument list 100 solenoids of each type, with geometry, field strength, EF, and axial limits...

Solenoid driver circuit

Abstract: A circuit for operating and holding a solenoid in response to an applied signal includes two transistor switches. The first switch closes a path between a capacitor and the solenoid coil to attain a voltage level necessary to operate the solenoid. The second switch closes a path between the capacitor and ground discharging the capacitor thereby decreasing the voltage applied to the coil after a predetermined time to a lower level required during the hold condition.

Apparatus for positioning magnetic record member

Abstract: A PLANAR MAGNETIC MEDIUM IS INSERTED BETWEEN TRANSDUCERS AND A BASE PLATE WITH THE RECORDING SURFACE AT A FIXED SPACING FROM THE TRANSDUCERS. A PAIR OF ORTHOGONALLY DISPOSED EDGE GUIDES ACT TO APPROXIMATELY POSITION THE MEDIUM AS IT IS INSERTED. A SOLENOID ACTUATED LOCATING PIN IS MOUNTED BEHIND THE BASE PLATE, CENTERED ON THE AXIS OF ROTATION OF THE TRANSDUCERS. THE SOLENOID IS ACTUATED SO AS TO THRUST THE PIN THROUGH THE BASE PLATE AND THROUGH A LOCATING HOLE THAT IS PROVIDED IN THE RECORD MEDIUM.

Electropneumatic transducer and pneumatic web tensioning system

Abstract: An electropneumatic transducer having a pneumatic pressure regulator operatively controlled by a solenoid, an adjustable spring biasing assembly connected to the regulator and solenoid to maintain the moving parts of the transducer in a normally closed position and to minimize vibratory motion induced in the moving parts. A diaphragm arrangement is connected to respond to the output pressure of the regulator to introduce an additional force to the force of the solenoid. The inherent friction of the solenoid is reduced by a linear bearing arrangement. A pneumatic web tensioning system utilizing such an electropneumatic transducer.

High-speed indenting recorder

Abstract: An electromechanical indenting recorder consists of a solenoid coil, a ferromagnetic housing about the coil, and a nonferromagnetic plunger that moves inside the core. The plunger has a ferromagnetic cover attached thereto which cover extends at least in part over the core and the housing forming an annular airgap therebetween. The cover serves to stop the movement of the plunger by contacting said housing, and the core cover, core and housing form a magnetic circuit with the airgap. An indenting knife is carried by one end of the plunger opposite from the cover and in operation serves to make a series of indentations, usually in a binary code form, in a suitable receptor sheet such as a pocket credit card. The plunger and cover are very light such that they can move rapidly under the influence of the magnetic field created when the solenoid is energized. The solenoid is initially energized and midway through the stroke of the plunger the driver current is cut off and the solenoid circuit remains closed through a diode such that the plunger continues accelerating towards the stop position under the influence of the decaying field of the magnetic circuit. The efficiency of the device is high and the excess heat generated is at a minimum.

Imprinting unit for a dispensing device

Abstract: A billing card imprinting device for a dispensing unit. The device includes a plurality of side-by-side imprinting discs, each disk having a solenoid and linkage drive means for rotating the disk in correspondence with the dispensing unit.

Adjustably mounted player piano key actuating assembly

Abstract: An assembly for actuating piano playing means which includes means for mounting solenoid key actuating units on a metallic channel means. The solenoid units include a laterally extending tab having a groove formed therein which is adapted to receive one flange of the channel means. A screw member extends through the tab and engages the flange to maintain the solenoid unit on the channel means. The units may be arranged in a side-by-side relationship on one channel means or may be arranged on oppositely disposed channels. The units may also be staggered on vertically spaced channels. The metal-to-metal connection between the solenoid units and the channel means permits the channels to serve as a common magnetic path for the individual coils and as a heat sink to dissipate heat directly from the coils. An embodiment of the assembly is also disclosed wherein the solenoid has a tab extending therefrom and which is removably received between a pair of flanges extending from the channel means.

Fuel injection systems

Abstract: A fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine comprising a pump, a fuel pressure operated metering and distributing unit, and at least one nozzle in the inlet manifold of the engine, a pressure relief means disposed between the pump and the metering and distributing unit and control means including an electrical solenoid for operating the pressure relief means, so that under certain engine operating conditions fuel reaches the metering and distributing unit at a pressure which is insufficient for delivery to the nozzle

Solenoid error checking system

Abstract: 1,246,765. Checking circuits. NATIONAL CASH REGISTER CO. 9 March, 1970 [24 March, 1969], No. 11065/70. Heading G4H. A circuit for checking that one and only one of an array of solenoids 12 is energized comprises a sensing circuit 28 having an output 30 on which a signal appears when at least one of the solenoids has been energized and an output 32 on which an error signal appears when at least two of the solenoids have been energized and a logical circuit to which is applied the energization signal on terminal 10 and the output 30 is applied, the logical circuit being arranged to provide a further error output 32 if an energization signal appears in the absence of a signal at 30 or vice versa. One of the solenoids 12 is selected by a circuit 14 controlled by an input at 16. When the energization pulse is applied to terminal 10 the selected solenoid is energized through a silicon controlled rectifier. The energization pulse is also applied via one-shot circuit 22 to set flip-flop 24, and via an inverter 18 to gates 20 and 40. Sensing circuit 28 has input terminals 42, 44, 46, each coupled to one of the solenoids. The output 30 indicating that at least one solenoid has been energized is applied to the reset input of flipflop 24, to input 37 of gate 40 and to one-shot circuit 36 connected to circuit 38 resetting circuit 28. The reset output of flip-flop 24 is coupled to gate 20. Output 32 and the outputs of gates 20 and 40 are connected through an Or gate 34 giving an error signal on terminal 47. In normal operation the energization pulse causes one solenoid only to be set, so that there is an output at 30 but not at 32. The energization pulse is inverted to give a "0" at inputs 21 and 35 of gates 20 and 40 which are thereby blocked and no signal passes to Or gate 34. If no solenoid is energized in response to an energization pulse, the flip-flop 24 is set by the pulse and it remains set since no reset signal is applied from terminal 30. At the end of the energization pulse, therefore, the ouptut of the inverter 18 becomes "1" and gate 20 gives an output to Or gate 34. If a solenoid is energized in the absence of an energization pulse both inputs to gate 40 are "1" and an error output is produced. If two or more solenoids are energized, an error signal is produced at 3. The sensing circuit 28 (Fig. 2, not shown) comprises a capacitor for each solenoid. The capacitor is normally charged and is discharged as a result of the firing of the SCR to energize the solenoid. Current is drawn through a resistor providing a voltage drop which is applied to two transistors. One responds when only one solenoid is energized and both respond if two or more are energized. The resetting signal from circuit 38 re-charges the capacitors ready for the next cycle.

Switch operating mechanism

Abstract: An electric motor produces oscillating motion for a reciprocating switch by driving a crank having the eccentric crank pin operable in a cam slot having walls on both sides of the crank pin with the slot extending transverse to the direction of the reciprocation and the walls of the slot having concentric portions on opposite walls so the crosshead and the switch actuated thereby will be maintained in both terminal positions even though the crank may stop anywhere within a relatively large angle of approximately 30* and motion arresting means are provided in the form of braking mechanism actuated electrically or stop means of other suitable types while in one form a solenoid operated brake is caused to operate as soon as the electric power to the motor is broken with a diode in the circuit to prevent reenergization of the solenoid actuated brake from the coasting electric motor.

Rod insertion method

Abstract: A process for inserting small magnetic rods in the open ends of a large number of solenoid coils positioned such that the open ends of the coils are located in a plane. An excessive number of the magnetic rods are placed onto the solenoid plane and the solenoid plane is positioned in a magnetic field with the coils substantially aligned with the magnetic lines of force. The magnetic field polarizes the rods to align them with the magnetic lines of force and accordingly, in parallel alignment with the coils. The rods are moved across the plane and are inserted into the solenoid coils as they become positioned over the open ends of the coils.

Solenoid and electronic delay circuit

Abstract: A SOLENOID HAVING SECURED THERETO AN ELECTRONIC DELAY CIRCUIT. THE DELAY CIRCUIT IS MOUNTED ON A CIRCUIT BOARD WHICH IS SUPPORTED BY PLASTIC RIVETS INTEGRAL WITH A SEALED CONTAINER, WHICH IN TURN IS SECURED BY A THREADED HOLLOW NIPPLE TO A U-SHAPED BRACKET ATTACHED AT ITS BASE TO THE SOLENOID. A CLOSURE FOR THE LEGS OF THE BRACKET THEN COMPLETES AN ENCLOSURE FOR LEADS OUTGOING FROM THE SOLENOID AND CIRCUIT BOARD.

Brake motor attachment device

Abstract: The invention comprises a mechanical brake for an electric motor with a solenoid mechanically connected to a brakeshoe which upon deactuation of the solenoid automatically engages a brakedrum or the rotor of the electric motor to stop the rotation of the motor. The solenoid and electric motor being actuated and deactuated simultaneously and the brakeshoe engagement preventing coasting of the motor after electric current to the motor has been discontinued.

Solenoid flow control valve

Abstract: A solenoid flow control valve including an intake fluid conduit having an inlet and an outlet; a valve stopper mounted to the intake fluid conduit; a solenoid coil mounted about the intake fluid conduit; a hollow solenoid plunger slidably mounted between the solenoid coil and the intake fluid conduit so that fluid flow will forcibly slide the plunger downstream and energization of the coil will electromagnetically force the plunger to slide upstream; and the plunger having valve seat means for increasing fluid flow through the conduit when the coil is deenergized and decreasing fluid flow when the coil is energized. The control valve may include a frame assembly having a top opening and an exhaust fluid inlet located therebelow; the intake fluid conduit having a flange which slidably mounts the conduit in the frame assembly and the flange having an exhaust fluid passageway above the exhaust fluid inlet; the top end of the intake fluid conduit having a cap for sealably plugging the top opening of the frame assembly when the intake fluid conduit is slid to a downstream position; and means for biasing the intake fluid conduit to the upstream position.

Design Analysis for a Solenoid Blood Pump Actuator

Abstract: An analysis of a solenoid suitable for direct actuation of a physiological blood pump is carried out in this paper. A general theoretical study of the electromechanical energy conversion process in the solenoid is presented, as well as a discussion of the characteristics of the magnetic circuit configuration. A computer program is described which is based on these results and is used to optimize the solenoid design with respect to conversion efficiency.

Metal shell collapsed in a magnetic field

Abstract: This paper presents the results of experiments on metal shells (liners) collapsed in the magnetic field of a single-turn solenoid. Energies of the collapsing shells of the order of 100 kJ are obtained, i.e., ≈25% of the initial energy of the capacitor bank. The motion of the liner is calculated theoretically with certain simplifications. The experimental data are compared with the theoretical results.

Pressure Relief Valve.

Abstract: 1,163,124. Fluid-pressure servomotor systems. L. REXROTH. Sept. 13, 1966 [Oct. 30, 1965], No.40767/66. Heading G3P. A pilot-operated pressure relief valve includes three pilot valves which are set to allow the main valve to open at different pressures. As shown the main valve 8 is seated by spring 7 and inlet pressure acting behind the valve via restricted passage 9 and chamber 10. When the pressure unseats pilot valve 13, the main vlave is opened to connect pump 3 to reservoir 5. When a solenoid operated valve 17 is shifted to the left, chamber 10 is connected to passage 21 containing a second pilot valve 26 set to open at a lower pressure than valve 13. When valve 17 is shifted to the right, chamber 10 is connected to passage 22 containing a third pilot valve 29 set to open at a pressure different to that of valves 13, 26. The various valves can be in a common housing or in a bank of housings.

Automatic railway car journal oiler

Abstract: A railway car journal box oiler has a vertically retractable nozzle mounted on a horizontally reciprocable platform, movement of which with the car is caused by engagement of a car wheel with a vertically retractable roller moved to an upper position by a solenoid when the approach of an open journal box is sensed by a photocell. The roller and nozzle automatically retract after a predetermined amount of movement of the platform with the car. The nozzle is automatically moved to an upper, operative position as the platform starts to move and ejection of oil from the nozzle is in timed relationship with nozzle movement.