Showing papers on "Solenoid published in 1983"

Adjustable, rectilinear motion proportional solenoid

Abstract: A rectilinear motion proportional solenoid which exhibits linear output motion that is linearly proportional to the applied electrical current input. The solenoid has an adjustment mechanism which is external to the working components of the solenoid for adjusting the gain or rate of displacement of the solenoid after final assembly or while the solenoid is operating without degrading the linearity characteristics, thus allowing dynamic calibration of an operating system.

Resettable circuit closing device

Abstract: A resettable contact closing device opens a load circuit connected to a power line protected by a ground fault interrupter circuit, if the neutral conductor is broken. The contacts are closed by a mechanical reset actuator only if a solenoid is energized by a potential proportional to the line-to-neutral voltage to hold the actuator in a contact closing position. If the neutral conductor is broken, the solenoid will not be energized and the contacts, and hence the power line to the load circuit, will be opened.

Solenoid switching driver with fast current decay from initial peak current

Abstract: A solenoid driver circuit has reduced power consumption by providing relatively fast current decay to a sustaining low current after an initial peak activation current. Subsequent sustaining current peak applications have a smaller magnitude than the initial peak current and are followed by slower decays for a predetermined length of time to a lower current level. Two transistors and a Zener diode are operatively connected to the solenoid and controlled by a logic circuit to apply the desired current to the solenoid. The two transistors are turned on and off using logic flip-flops to sense voltage comparisons with the initial peak current voltage, the sustaining peak current, and the sustaining low current. A logic signal is generated as a function of the predetermined length of time, and an output signal is coupled to the bases of the two transistors to control their on/off states.

Fuel oil injection engine

Abstract: The circulatory fuel oil injection supply system of a diesel engine is adapted so that the engine may be run selectively either in a single fuel mode on diesel oil alone or in a dual-fuel mode on both diesel oil and gas. The control system and fuel system of the engine are modified so that pressure conditions at a diesel oil injection metering device during the single-fuel mode are mimicked by a first flow restrictor during the dual-fuel mode. A pressure sensor measures the mimicked pressure and controls the amount of gas flow to the engine via an electronic programmable control. A shut-off first solenoid valve operative in the single-fuel mode circuit is by-passed in the dual-fuel mode while second and third solenoid valves are operative to open a by-pass line including a second flow-restrictor and to open a reference pressure supply line respectively. A governor control and a throttle control having a by-pass weep line remain operative in both the single-fuel mode and in the dual-fuel mode. In a further modification the first flow-restrictor and third solenoid valve and the second flow-restrictor and the second solenoid valve are replaced by respective pulsed solenoid valves providing variable flow-restrictors so as to allow a variable amount of pilot diesel fuel oil to be supplied in the dual-fuel mode via the electronic control.

Electronic fuel injector driver circuit

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for controlling the energization of an electromagnetic fuel injection valve in response to the production of an injector control pulse in an electronic fuel injection system. The driver circuit operates a current regulating power transistor into saturation until the current through the solenoid coil of the injector valve attains a predetermined peak current value. A comparator circuit deactivates the power transistor to stop the build-up of current through the coil. A switched free-wheeling circuit is enabled, remains activated, and starts conducting when the power transistor is deactivated by the comparator circuit so that some current continues to be supplied to the solenoid coil when the power transistor is off, thereby causing the current through the coil to decay slowly. When the solenoid current has decayed to a predetermined hold current level, the comparator circuit reactivates the power transistor and thereafter, due to hysteresis in the comparator circuit, cycles the power transistor on and off to substantially maintain the current through the coil at the predetermined hold current level. At the end of the injector control pulse, both the current regulating power transistor and the switched free-wheeling circuit are deactivated. Then, through multiple power dissipation pathways momentarily activated by the avalanching of a zener diode in series with the injector's solenoid coil, the energy stored in the solenoid coil and the current through the coil diminish rapidly to zero.

Aharonov-Bohm effect for trapped ions

Abstract: The role of the Aharonov-Bohm effect is analyzed for the bound states of a charged particle in the superposition of two fields: A uniform magnetic field plus the vector potential of a solenoid. Exact solutions are given for a solenoid of zero size and the corrections due to finite size are discussed. It is shown that a series of new "betatron resonances" appear in the spectrum, dependent on the flux quantum number $f=\frac{e\ensuremath{\Phi}}{\mathrm{hc}}$. The fundamental betatron resonance remains narrow and unshifted for solenoid radii large enough to broaden and shift the cyclotron resonance.

Control or regulation system

Abstract: There is proposed a control or regulating system, which consists of at least one transducer, an associated evaluation circuit and at least one solenoid valve, which is switched in a hydraulic or pneumatic actuation system. The evaluation circuit and the at least one of them to be driven solenoid of the solenoid valve is accommodated in a common housing, the valve or valves are housed in a block and then the housing is mounted. the valves are switched over one or more extending out of the housing and from the or the electromagnet slidable plunger.

Bag processing unit of an automatic transaction machine

Abstract: In a bag processing unit of an automatic transaction machine, a locking pawl is fixed at the upper portion of a bag dispensing plate for dispensing a new bag among the bags stored in a hopper, and a locking arm having an engaging portion engageable with the locking pawl is pivoted by a solenoid, thereby releasing the locking state.

Twin tower assembly for decontaminating compressed gas

Abstract: A twin tower assembly for decontaminating compressed gas, each tower having inlet, outlet, drain and solenoid valves of which the inlet and drain valves are separately connected directly to the solenoid valve and actuated respectively to close and open by actuating gas supplied and exhausted through the tower's solenoid valve, the towers by alternate energizing of their solenoid valves under timer control and actuation of their inlet and drain valves each normally alternating between decontaminating and regenerating cycles and together alternating in their decontaminating cycles for supplying a continuous output of decontaminated gas, the inlet and drain valves of each tower being so relatively constructed that actuating gas supplied at the same pressure at the solenoid valve exerts a greater force differential for closing the inlet valve than for opening the drain valve and ensures that in cycling the inlet valve will close before opening and open after closing of the drain valve. Passage-connected outlet chambers in the towers enable each tower during a decontaminating cycle to supply decontaminated regenerating gas to the other tower at a flow rate and reduced pressure predetermined by the size of a restricted orifice in the connecting passage and each tower removably houses in advance of its outlet chamber a canister containing and shippable loaded with a particulate desiccant and mounting upstream of the desiccant an oil coalescer.

Antitheft ignition system and solenoid apparatus for use therewith

Abstract: An antitheft ignition system and solenoid apparatus for use in a motor vehicle having a starter motor (12) energized by an ignition switch (40) within the driver's compartment. The solenoid (14) has a metal cannister housing with coils (16) and (18) therein and an electronic circuit (44) therein coded for operation in response to receipt of a predetermined series of pulses from the ignition switch (40) for energizing the coils (16) and (18) of the solenoid (14) for enabling the starting of the motor (12) of the vehicle. A circuit (44) is provided within the solenoid (14) for detecting the alternating current component of the battery voltage to sense an engine running condition.

Sorting and other selection of articles one from another

Abstract: Coin to be sorted is discharged onto a rotating horizontal disc (1) to be urged, after passage through a separation slot (13) of a wear strip (12), against a stationary abutment member (14) that encircles the disc (1). The push-rod (20) of a stationary solenoid (18) at each of four stationary coin-selection stations (17) projects upwardly into the annular gap (15) between the periphery of the disc (1) and the abutment member (14). The solenoid (18) is energized transitorily from coin-sensor (19) of the respective coin-selection station (17) whenever a coin that is to be selected enters that station (17) on the disc (1), so that the rod (20) moves upwardly through the gap (15) to tip the overlying coin over the abutment member (14) and thereby free it to pass from the disc (1) into an associated outlet port (21).

Cartridge solenoid valve with manual override

Abstract: A valve structure (10) wherein a main valve (11) is controlled by a pilot valve (15) which is normally selectively positioned by the coaction of a solenoid coil (17) and plunger (16). A manual override structure (22) is provided for selectively permitting normal control of the pilot valve by the solenoid, or causing a fast repositioning of the plunger against the action of the normal biasing spring 50 thereof.

Electrically driven tacker or the like for driving fastening elements into a workpiece

Abstract: With a solenoid actuated tacker the setting of the penetration depth of the fastening elements is effected by adjusting the operating stroke of the armature with respect to the solenoid coil actuating the armature. To accomplish this there is preferably provided an armature stop displaceable in the direction of movement of the armature. The stop is preferably supported and moved by a cam-like element adjustably rotatable about an axis at right angles to the movement of the armature. In this way the drive-in depth of the fastening elements can simply and readily be adjusted.

Air conditioning plant

Abstract: 1. Air conditioning system with compressor (1), condenser (2), expansion valve (3), distributor (11, 12, 13) and evaporator (4) arranged in a coolant circuit, the outlets (11.1, 12.1, 13.1, ...) of the distributor being arranged evenly distributed over inlets (4.1, 4.2, 4.3, ...) of the evaporator (4) and controllable solenoid valves (6, 7, 8) being provided for influencing the coolant flow between compressor (1) and evaporator (4), characterized in that the outlet of the expansion valve (3) is connected to the inlets of a number of solenoid valves (6, 7, 8) and each solenoid valve is connected to a distributor (11, 12, 13), the expansion valve (3) is controlled via a thermostat (15) arranged at the outlet of the evaporator (4) and pressure switches (17, 18) arranged between compressor (1) and condenser (2) act on the solenoid valves (6, 7, 8) and partial areas of the evaporator can be disconnected via the assigned solenoid valves (6, 7, 8) as overload protection for the condenser (2).

Magnetic field simulation from a voltage source

Abstract: A finite-element program has been developed to digitally simulate the dynamic response of solenoids to a specified voltage trace. The evolution of the magnetic field is modeled complete with eddy currents and saturation effects. The motion of the solenoid's plunger in response to mechanical and magnetic forces is incorporated into the solution for the magnetic field. Moreover, these effects are coupled with the electrical driving circuit whose inductance is unknown (and varying).

Transducer utilizing electrical and pneumatic signals

Abstract: An electrical-pneumatic transducer includes a pneumatic relay in which the pressure of the air at the outlet varies in accordance with the back pressure of the air at a bleed nozzle in the relay. This back pressure is changed by the armature of a solenoid with the armature opposing the nozzle outlet and being urged toward the latter with a force responsive to a signal in the form of current flowing through the solenoid coil. The magnitude of the current is correlated with the magnitude of a variable condition. The force on the armature, which is a permanent magnet, is selectively set to calibrate the transducer by means of a second permanent magnet which is axially aligned with the armature and is adjustably movable toward and away from the latter.

Closed air suspension system

Abstract: A closed air suspension system for motor vehicles is proposed, in which the pump (2) and engine (3) and the level control device (solenoid valves 12, 13, 18) are arranged in the storage reservoir (1). A forwards- and backwards-running vane cell pump is used as the pump (2), which can both pump up and pump down. With this type of pumping, in addition to the solenoid valves (12, 13, 18) for the level control device, a single multi-position solenoid valve (24, 36) is required which is inserted into the connection from the pump (2) to the level control device (solenoid valve 12, 13, 18). In this way a very simple and cost-effective air suspension system is created.

Print wire drive assembly for dot-matrix printers

Abstract: A print wire drive assembly for a dot-matrix printer having a plurality of solenoids selectively driving print wires. The solenoids are disposed, in plural groups which are not energized simultaneously, such that at least one solenoid of one group is disposed so adjacent to a solenoid of another group that the two solenoids are mutually inductive. The drive assembly comprises a solenoid drive circuit including first and second connection lines by which high- and low-level terminals of one of the two adjacent solenoids are connected to low- and high-level terminals of the other of the adjacent solenoids, respectively. At least one of the first and second connection lines includes a rectifying element which allows a current flow through the connection line in one direction from the low-level terminal to the high-level terminal when a reverse voltage is produced between the high- and low-level terminals of one of the adjacent solenoids upon deenergization thereof immediately before energization of the other solenoid.

Self calibrating pressure transducer

Abstract: A testing and measuring apparatus and method is described for determining the accuracy of pressure transducers under test and for accurately measuring the pressure of a fluid. Accurate calibration of a referenced pressure transducer and automatic correction of the output signal produced by the reference transducer are features of the system. Specifically, the test system includes a reference pressure transducer, input and output fluid ports, solenoid control valves, a microcomputer and a key pad. Input to the reference pressure transducer is coupled to the solenoid control valves which are respectively coupled to the pressure standard, to atmosphere and to the input and output fluid ports. The output of the reference pressure transducer is coupled to a microcomputer programmed to automatically correct the output signal from the reference pressure transducer for certain predetermined inaccuracies and is also preferably programmed to control the operation of the solenoid control valves.

Speed change shock reducing device for vehicle on which automatic transmission is mounted

Abstract: PURPOSE:To reduce a speed change shock tending to increases as engine output increases by making ignition timing of the engine different from the normal one in speed change operation of an automatic transmission so as to reduce the engine output. CONSTITUTION:Since a solenoid 18b is energized in speed change operation, a solenoid valve 18 is opened. Thus, a vacuum diaphragm 14 has a chamber 14a introduced the atmospheric pressure from an air filter 9 in the speed change so that a rotational angle theta of a breaker base 13 is made zero. Thus, ignition timing of the engine is delayed to the extremity in which engine running does not yet produce any troubles so that the output of the engine is reduced and a speed change shock can be reduced.

Multiple unit filling system for liquid media

Abstract: A multiple unit liquid filling system for dispensing liquid, particularly liquid containing solids and insolubles, from a bulk liquid container (24) comprises a centrifugal pump (2), a manifold (5) and a plurality of solenoid valves (9) which are provided one in each of a plurality of outlet pipes (8) from the manifold (5) and which are controlled by a timer (13). A pressure regulating valve (6) keeps the system under pressure and allows batch filling of a plurality of containers (11) at controlled intervals.

A Fourier series approach to magnetostatic field calculations involving magnetic material

Abstract: The effect of iron on the uniformity of the field produced by an axisymmetric thick solenoid is considered. Using a Fourier series approach, an exact solution for the vector potential A is found and from this the magnetic induction B is derived. The results are compared with those obtained from previous approximate methods.

Electric starting apparatus

Abstract: An electric starting apparatus for cranking an internal combustion engine. The electric starter is of a type that has solenoid pull-in and hold-in coils that when energized cause a solenoid plunger to shift which in turn moves a pinion into mesh with the ring gear of the engine. The hole-in coil can be energized directly from a battery when a manually operable start switch is closed. The energization of the pull-in coil is controlled by a Darlington transistor located in the solenoid housing. The transistor is biased conductive when the start switch is closed and nonconductive when the start switch is opened.

Pulsation device for a heating or cooling unit

Abstract: A heating system, such as a gas fired or oil fired furnace, is operated by a control system which includes a low voltage AC power supply, a low voltage thermostat for sensing the temperature in the space to be heated and a solenoid controlled relay or fuel supply valve. The control system also includes a low voltage pulsation device which is connected in series with the thermostat and solenoid and is effective, when the thermostat closes, to pulsate or cycle the solenoid causing the heating unit to be turned on and off for supplying heat in increments to the heat exchanger within the furnace. The pulsation device is adapted to be quickly and easily installed in the low voltage control circuit for the heating unit or for a cooling unit.

Pulsed megagauss fields produced by laser-driven coils

Abstract: The generation of pulsed magnetic fields in the range 20 kG to 2MG by laser-driven coils is analyzed. Previous experimental results are modeled using a time-dependent circuit equation. By varying the circuit parameters and the coil geometry, it is shown that a field of 30 kG and a rate of change of 4 kG/ns can be generated by a small single-turn solenoid driven by a 1 J, 20 ns laser pulse. Using a more energetic laser pulse, a rate of 600 kG/ns is achievable. This value of dB/dt greatly exceeds that available from the more conventional field generation devices and is important for the observation of transient magnetic phenomena.

Solenoid actuated valve device

Abstract: A solenoid actuated valve device for electrically controlling the flow of fluid includes a body having an inlet port and an outlet port, a hollow core positioned within the body and having first and second axially spaced openings which provide fluid communication between said inlet and outlet ports and a cover member secured to one end of the body so that the core is supported by the body and the cover member for axial adjustment movement relative thereto. A bobbin is slidably mounted on the core and is provided with a valve portion for controlling the effective area of the first and second openings. A solenoid coil is provided for shifting the value in opposite directions. In the absence of electric current to the coil first and second springs maintain the bobbin in a position so that the valve portion thereof is located between the first and second openings in the coil so that one opening will be completely open and the other will be completely closed.

Detailed Analysis of a Bitter-Type Magnet

Abstract: A high-power water-cooled magnet with a Bitter-type coil has been designed, constructed and tested. The current density, the temperature rise and the electromagnetic stress have been calculated with the finite element method. The results of calculation are consistent with the experimental test. The local electromagnetic stress exceeds the yield stress of usual conductors if the coil is used for hybrid magnet which produces fields of more than 20 T with a back-up field of a superconducting coil.

Dual plunger solenoid device

Abstract: A solenoid-operated plunger device comprising a frame and a solenoid coil contained within the frame. Two or more movable plungers, separated by a barrier, are located within the solenoid coil. The plungers project the ends of the solenoid coil, and are slidable within the solenoid coil on parallel axes. A return spring is connected to each plunger for controlling the movement of the plunger.

Dot matrix print head solenoid assembly

Abstract: A plurality of solenoid bobbins or bobbin wound coils are collectively attached to and supported from one surface of a printed circuit board and the coil wires are securely connected to the conductors on the board