Solenoid

About: Solenoid is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 19278 publications have been published within this topic receiving 114721 citations.

Chemical injector system for hydrocarbon wells

Abstract: A chemical injector system for wells includes a solenoid operated valve delivering bursts of supply gas to a piston driven chemical injector pump. The solenoid valve allows very low cycle rates and also avoids plugging up of the gas supply line because the bursts of supply gas create high enough velocities to keep water and debris moving. A stand having a spike and a plate welded thereto supports the injector pump.

Quantized vector potential and alternative views of the magnetic Aharonov-Bohm phase shift

Abstract: We give a complete quantum analysis of the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) magnetic phase shift involving three entities: the electron, the charges constituting the solenoid current, and the vector potential. The usual calculation supposes that the solenoid's vector potential may be well approximated as classical. The AB shift is then acquired by the quantized electron moving in this vector potential. Recently, Vaidman presented a semiclassical calculation [L. Vaidman, Phys. Rev. A 86, 040101 (2012)], later confirmed by a fully quantum calculation of Pearle and Rizzi [preceding paper, Phys. Rev. A 95, 052123 (2017)], where it is supposed that the electron's vector potential may be well approximated as classical. The AB shift is then acquired by the quantized solenoid charges moving in this vector potential. Here we present a third calculation, which supposes that the electron and solenoid currents may be well approximated as classical sources. The AB phase shift is then shown to be acquired by the quantized vector potential. We next show these are three equivalent alternative ways of calculating the AB shift. We consider the exact problem where all three entities are quantized. We approximate the wave function as the product of three wave functions: a vector potential wave function, an electron wave function, and a solenoid wave function. We apply the variational principle for the exact Schr\"odinger equation to this approximate form of solution. This leads to three Schr\"odinger equations, one each for vector potential, electron, and solenoid, each with classical sources for the other two entities. However, each Schr\"odinger equation contains an additional real $c$-number term, the time derivative of an extra phase. We show that these extra phases are such that the phase of the total wave function produces the AB shift. Since none of the three entities requires different treatment from any of the others, this leads to three alternative views of the physical cause of the AB magnetic effect.

Drain valve assembly

Abstract: A drain valve for use in the cooling system of a diesel engine for a locomotive including a valve body having a drain fitting mounted in the bottom portion thereof and a solenoid operated valve assembly mounted therein for opening and closing the drain fitting. A thermostat assembly is removably mounted on the exterior of the valve body in close thermal relationship to the interior of the valve, said thermostat operable to energize the solenoid and open the drain fitting when the temperature inside the valve reaches a predetermined minimum.

Solenoid-operated valve assembly

Abstract: A solenoid-operated valve assembly is configured in such a way that one of multiple receiving connectors 4A and 4B of different forms is attached to a first end block 2a via the corresponding one of holders 5A and 5B having the same mounting mechanism, thereby enabling either the receiving connector 4A or 4B to be selectively attached.

Method and apparatus for preventing coil induced delay in a automatic transfer switch

Abstract: An automatic transfer switch for transferring a load between a normal power source and an alternate power source has a control circuit which senses the movement of the plunger of the switch-actuating solenoid into a position proximate the plunger stop or pole piece and then turns off power to the coil current so that the plunger can be restored to its rest position as the inertia of the switch enables completion of the transfer. Upon interruption of voltage to the coil, the coil is switched in series with a resistance which rapidly dissipates the residual current generated by the collapsing field within the coil to alleviate the braking effect of the residual coil current on the solenoid plunger.