Solenoid

About: Solenoid is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 19278 publications have been published within this topic receiving 114721 citations.

A Digitally Controlled Fully Integrated Voltage Regulator With On-Die Solenoid Inductor With Planar Magnetic Core in 14-nm Tri-Gate CMOS

Abstract: A fully integrated digitally controlled two-phase buck voltage regulator (VR) with on-die solenoid inductors with a planar magnetic core is demonstrated in 14-nm tri-gate CMOS for fine-grained power delivery/management domains of high power density in system-on-chips while enabling ultra-thin (z-height) packages. The VR achieves 1-A/mm2 power density for 400-mA load current with a measured peak efficiency of 84% at 100-MHz switching frequency including a digital PWM with >9 bits (8 ps) of resolution.

Electrolytic gas producer method and apparatus

Abstract: Electrolytic gas producer apparatus is provided wherein a water inlet has a pressure sensor and solenoid valve control passes water through a filter by pump to a reservoir. Cell chambers maintain electrolyte by supply pump and solenoid valve delivering to the cell via solenoid valves responsive to a level sensor. Gas outlet apertures extend into a polling manifold via solenoid valves and thence to a wash tank. The gas is removed from the tank via a manifold to a vacuum pump which draws the gas through a first filter including a drain line and a secondary filter for residual moisture removal. After the pump the gas passes under water in a flashback arrester filled with metal mesh. The gas then travels to a moisture removing filter and delivery pumps for delivery via intermediate solenoid valves, an outlet manifold, and final solenoid valves which control delivery to an electronically monitored outlet flashback arrester comprising infrared sensors to detect and signal a flashback condition.

Linear Control of Switching Valve in Vehicle Hydraulic Control Unit Based on Sensorless Solenoid Position Estimation

Abstract: Accurate linear brake-pressure control in a hydraulic control unit (HCU) of the vehicle dynamics control system, such as the electronic-stability control (ESC) system, can improve the control performance while significantly reduce noise and brake paddle vibration during the transient high-frequency brake-pressure control process. To minimize system cost, only simple switching solenoid valves and a master cylinder pressure (MCP) sensor are used in the ESC, thus an accurate real-time sensorless spool-position estimation is the key to the linear pressure controller. In this paper, a new sliding-mode controller (SMC) integrated with a nonlinear sliding-mode observer (SMO) is proposed to achieve a real-time linear controller for the switching valve in the HCU. First, a nonlinear SMO is used to observe the spool position based on the voltage and current values of the solenoid coil, from which the flow rate of brake fluid in the HCU of the ESC and the wheel cylinder pressure (WCP) can be deduced based on a specific hydraulic model of the solenoid valve and the braking system. Then an SMC is employed to adjust the spool position for accurate linear pressure control, taking into consideration the nonlinear characteristics of the electromagnetic force, the dynamic flow force, and the flow rate of the solenoid valve at different openings. Simulations and experiments were conducted, and the results supported the tracking ability of the sensorless linear pressure controller in different conditions. This study may provide a useful method to realize real-time linear control of high-frequency switching valve comparable to a high-performance proportional valve.

Linear solenoid valve

Abstract: A linear solenoid valve includes a solenoid having a coil wound around a coil bobbin, a fixed core, and a movable core for being attracted to the fixed core when the coil is energized, and a valve mechanism having a valve element for selectively bringing an inlet port and an outlet port into and out of fluid communication with each other responsive to a displacement of the movable core. The movable core has a nonmagnetic layer formed on an outer surface thereof and having a predetermined thickness.

Extended range proportional valve

Abstract: An extended range proportional valve which can control rates of mass flow over continuous low, intermediate and high ranges has a pilot member mounted on an armature of a solenoid which can be dithered onto and off of a pilot opening in a main valve member which seals a main valve opening to control mass flow rates over the low range by varying the duty cycle and/or frequency of a pulse width modulated current in the solenoid coil. Intermediate and high flow rates are achieved by dithering the pilot valve member with a duty cycle and/or frequency sufficient to raise the main valve member relatively short and relatively long respective distances from the main valve seat.