Solid lipid nanoparticle

About: Solid lipid nanoparticle is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3175 publications have been published within this topic receiving 127912 citations. The topic is also known as: LNP & SLN.

Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) and Oil-Loaded SLN Studied by Spectrofluorometry and Raman Spectroscopy

Abstract: Recently, colloidal dispersions made of mixtures from solid and liquid lipids have been described to overcome the poor drug loading capacity of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN). It has been proposed that these nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) are composed of oily droplets, which are embedded in a solid lipid matrix. High loading capacities and controlled release characteristics have been claimed. It is the objective of the present paper to investigate these new NLC particles in more detail to obtain insights into their structure. Colloidal lipid dispersions were produced by high-pressure homogenization. Particle sizes were estimated by laser diffraction and photon correlation spectroscopy. The hydrophobic fluorescent marker nile red (NR) was used as model drug, and by fluorometric spectroscopy, the molecular environment (polarity) was elucidated because of solvatochromism of NR. The packaging of the lipid nanoparticles was investigated by Raman spectroscopy and by densimetry. The light propagation in lipid nanodispersions was examined by refractometry to obtain further insights into the nanostructural compositions of the carriers. Fluorometric spectroscopy clearly demonstrates that NLC nanoparticles offer two nanocompartments of different polarity to accommodate NR. Nevertheless, in both compartments, NR experiences less protection from the outer water phase than in a nanoemulsion. In conventional SLN, lipid crystallization leads to the expulsion of the lipophilic NR from the solid lipid. Measurements performed by densimetry and Raman spectroscopy confirm the idea of intact glyceryl behenate lattices in spite of oil loading. The lipid crystals are not disturbed in their structure as it could be suggested in case of oil incorporation. Refractometric data reveal the idea of light protection because of incorporation of sensitive drug molecules in NLC. Neither SLN nor NLC lipid nanoparticles did show any advantage with respect to incorporation rate compared to conventional nanoemulsions. The experimental data let us conclude that NLC lipid nanoparticles are not spherical solid lipid particles with embedded liquid droplets, but they are rather solid platelets with oil present between the solid platelet and the surfactant layer.

Development and evaluation of solid lipid nanoparticles of raloxifene hydrochloride for enhanced bioavailability.

Abstract: Raloxifene hydrochloride (RL-HCL) is an orally selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with poor bioavailability of nearly 2% due to its poor aqueous solubility and extensive first pass metabolism. In order to improve the oral bioavailability of raloxifene, raloxifene loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) have been developed using Compritol 888 ATO as lipid carrier and Pluronic F68 as surfactant. Raloxifene loaded SLN were prepared by solvent emulsification/evaporation method, and different concentrations of surfactant, and homogenization speed were taken as process variables for optimization. SLN were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, surface morphology, and crystallinity of lipid and drug. In vitro drug release studies were performed in phosphate buffer of pH 6.8 using dialysis bag diffusion technique. Particle sizes of all the formulations were in the range of 250 to 1406 nm, and the entrapment efficiency ranges from 55 to 66%. FTIR and DSC studies indicated no interaction between drug and lipid, and the XRD spectrum showed that RL-HCL is in amorphous form in the formulation. In vitro release profiles were biphasic in nature and followed Higuchi model of release kinetics. Pharmacokinetics of raloxifene loaded solid lipid nanoparticles after oral administration to Wistar rats was studied. Bioavailability of RL-HCL loaded SLN was nearly five times than that of pure RL-HCL.

Brain targeting of risperidone-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles by intranasal route

Abstract: Intranasal drug delivery is known to overcome the blood–brain barrier (BBB) for delivery of drugs to brain. The objective of this study was to prepare risperidone (RSP)-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (RSLNs) and explore the possibility of brain targeting by nose-to-brain delivery. RSLNs were prepared by solvent emulsification–solvent evaporation method and characterized for drug content, particle size and size distribution, zeta potential, and in vitro drug-release study. The pharmacodynamic study of RSLNs, which was performed by paw test using Perspex platform, showed higher hindlimb retraction time (HRT) values as compared with RSP solution (RS) indicating the superiority of RSLNs over the RS for brain targeting. The pharmacokinetics and biodistribution studies in mice showed that brain/blood ratio 1 h post-administration of RSLNs (i.n.) was found to be 1.36 ± 0.06 (nearly 10- and 5-fold higher) as compared with 0.17 ± 0.05 for RS (i.v.) and 0.78 ± 0.07 for RSLNs (i.v.), respectively. Gamma scintigrap...