Showing papers on "Solid-state fermentation published in 1987"
TL;DR: In this article, a solid-state fermentation method was developed for the production of citric acid from kiwifruit peel by Aspergillus niger NRRL 567.
Abstract: A solid-state fermentation method was developed for the production of citric acid from kiwifruit peel by Aspergillus niger NRRL 567. This method produced about 100g citric acid per kg of kiwifruit peel fermented in the presence of 2% methanol at 30°C in 4 days. The yield was more than 60% based on the amount of fermentable sugar consumed.
121 citations
TL;DR: It was confirmed that enzyme productivity per unit volume from both fungi was greater in SSF than in LF, and cellulase activities were achieved by Thermoascus aurantiacus and Sporotrichum thermophile.
Abstract: Six thermophilic fungi were examined for their ability to produce cellulolytic enzymes in liquid (LF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF). The best cellulase activities were achieved by Thermoascus aurantiacus and Sporotrichum thermophile. Taking into consideration that solid-state medium obtained from 100 g of dry sugar-beet pulp occupies about 11 of fermentor volume equivalent to 11 of LF, it was confirmed that enzyme productivity per unit volume from both fungi was greater in SSF than in LF. The cellulase system obtained by SSF with T. aurantiacus contained 1.322 IU/1 of exo-β-d-glucanase, 53.269 IU/1 of endo-β-d-glucanase and 8.974 IU/1 of β-d-glucosidase. The thermal and pH characteristics of cellulases from solid-state fermentation of T. aurantiacus and S. thermophile are described.
83 citations
TL;DR: The comparative production of GA3 by SSF and submerged fermentation (SmF) indicated better productivity with the former technique, and a net savings of about 60% and 50% on fermentation medium cost and the expenditure on down‐stream processing, respectively, as compared to the presently employed SmF technique was evident.
Abstract: Five strains each of Gibberella fujikuroi and Fusarium monoliforme were screened to select G. fujikuroi P-3, a strain capable of giving consistent production of gibberellic acid (GA(3)) by solid state fermentation (SSF). The comparative production of GA(3) by SSF and submerged fermentation (SmF) indicated better productivity with the former technique. The accumulation of GA(3) was 1.626 times higher in the case of SSF. On the basis of available carbohydrates in the media, the percent conversions were 0.096 and 0.156 in SmF and SSF, respectively. The use of coarse wheat bran of the particle size of 0.3-0.4 cm resulted in an increase of 2.5 times in the yield of GA(3). The enrichment of commercial wheat bran with soluble starch gave enhanced accumulation to an extent of 3.5 times. The relation between GA(3) production and cell growth in SSF was similar to that encountered in SmF. The consistent and improved yields to a tune of 1.22 g GA(3) per kilogram dry moldy bran (DMB) establish the potential and feasibility of SSF for the production of GA(3) by G. fujikuroi P-3. On preliminary cost analysis, a net savings of about 60% and 50% on fermentation medium cost and the expenditure on down-stream processing, respectively, as compared to the presently employed SmF technique was evident.
70 citations
TL;DR: It was found that the production of enzymes was strongly affected by water activity of substrate and nature of a w depressor used, and it was observed that sorbitol improved the thermal stability of polygalacturonase and d -xylanase.
64 citations
TL;DR: The ratio of buffer to wheat bran, incubation temperature and initial pH influence α-amylase production by Bacillus megaterium 16M under solid state fermentation as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The ratio of buffer to wheat bran, incubation temperature and initial pH influence α-amylase production byBacillus megaterium 16M under solid state fermentation. The enzyme, with pH and temperature optima at 6.0 and 70°C, is formed at a level of 30,000 units/g dry bacterial bran without coproduction of proteases and cellulases.
63 citations
TL;DR: A novel thermostable alpha-amylase system produced by Bacillus HOP-40 at neutral pH under solid state fermentation gave three peaks in descending order at pH 5.0, 8.5–9.0 and 7.0.
Abstract: A novel thermostable alpha-amylase system produced byBacillus HOP-40 at neutral pH under solid state fermentation gave three peaks in descending order at pH 5.0, 8.5–9.0 and 7.0.
53 citations
Journal Article•
45 citations
TL;DR: Fed-batch culture technique, applied to theSolid state fermentation process for the production of gibberellic acid, improves the yield by 18.2% as compared to a conventional batch solid state fermentation.
Abstract: Fed-batch culture technique, applied to the solid state fermentation
process for the production of gibberellic acid, improves the yield by 182%
as compared to a conventional batch solid state fermentation
39 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the stimulating effect of methanol on fungal production of citric acid decreased markedly as the substrate moisture decreased, and the production of Aspergillusniger varied considerably with the initial moisture content of apple pomace.
Abstract: Under solid state fermentation conditions, the production of citric acid byAspergillusniger varied considerably with the initial moisture content of apple pomace. The stimulating effect of methanol on fungal production of citric acid decreased markedly as the substrate moisture decreased.
29 citations
TL;DR: Two Basidiomycete isolates, Polyporus BH1 and P.BW1, were studied for cellulase and ligninase activities in the degradation of bagasse in solid-state fermentation and acetone treatment of the fermented residue before drying helped in retention of both the enzyme activities.
27 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an overview is given of the anaerobic treatment of concentrated organic municipal wastes under spontaneous conditions in -landfills and under controlled reactor conditions, and particular attention is given to a newly developed dry an-aerobic composting process.
TL;DR: CMCase and β-glucosidase were produced by the mutantNeurosporacrassa 40b cultivated on untreated wheat straw in a solid state fermentation when the growth medium was composed of wheat straw mixed with certain mineral solutions at a ratio 1:2 (w/v).
Abstract: CMCase and β-glucosidase were produced by the mutantNeurosporacrassa 40b cultivated on untreated wheat straw in a solid state fermentation. Best enzyme activities were observed when the growth medium was composed of wheat straw mixed with certain mineral solutions at a ratio 1:2 (w/v). A partially purified enzyme preparation showed optimum enzyme activities of CMCase and β-glucosidase at pH 4.0 and 5.0 and temperature 50 and 60°C respectively. The apparent Km values for the same enzymes were 16.8 g/l and 1.03x10−4 M respectively. At optimum growth and enzyme assay conditions yields as high as 586.2 U CMCase and 58.4 U β-glucosidase per gram of straw were obtained.
TL;DR: The cassava fibrous waste residue, after enrichment with urea, gave similar yields of fungal pectinases when used as a substitute to wheat bran in solid state fermentation as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The cassava fibrous waste residue, after enrichment with urea, gave similar yields of fungal pectinases when used as a substitute to wheat bran in solid state fermentation Comparatively, it is much less expensive and can be used in existing solid state fermentation plants without any modification
TL;DR: A solid state fermentation process was developed for the conversion of straw and cellulose under anaerobic conditions by a mixed culture of cellulolytic and methanogenic organisms, but the relative low activity levels attained limit the perspectives of producing cellulase enzymes by this type of process.
Abstract: A solid state fermentation process was developed for the conversion of straw and cellulose under anaerobic conditions by a mixed culture of cellulolytic and methanogenic organisms. The bioconversion rate and efficiency were compared under mesophilic (35° C) and thermophilic (55° C) conditions. Cellulolytic activity was assayed in terms of sugar and overall soluble organic matter (chemical oxygen demand, COD) production. Maximum conversion rates were obtained under thermophilic conditions, i.e. 8.4 g and 14.2 g COD/kg·d, respectively, when wheat straw and cellulose were used as substrates. The cellulolytic activity of the reactor contents (23% dry matter), measured under substrate excess conditions, amounted to 50 g COD/kg·d. As a comparison, the activity of rumen contents (15% dry matter) measured by the same assay amounted to 150 g COD/kg·d. The anaerobic cellulases appeared to be substrate bound. This and the relative low activity levels attained, limit the perspectives of producing cellulase enzymes by this type of process.
TL;DR: In this article, a review characterizes the submerged and solid state fermentation processes (SF and SSF) for obtaining of microbial biomass protein (MBP) on cellulose-and lignin-containing (CL) agricultural wastes (straw, wine, branches of fruit trees).
Abstract: The review characterizes the submerged and solid state fermentation processes (SF and SSF) for obtaining of microbial biomass protein (MBP) on cellulose- and lignin-containing (CL) agricultural wastes (straw, wine, branches of fruit trees). There are discussed other alternatives as well. The main technological parametres are presented (protein (biomass) yield, degree of available substrate utilization, process efficiency, etc.). The use of a special stirring system of the authors' design for mycelial cultures results in an increase of CL substrate concentration in the initial nutrient medium from 2% to 8%of dry matter (DM) and in a threefold increase of the specific productivity (from 0.07 g biomass/l · h to 0.21 g biomass/l · h). The technological parametres can be increased also in the processes with substrate addition. The obtained preparations are analyzed as to their usefulness for the feeds of ruminants.
TL;DR: It was found that CO2 evolution evidently increased in the logarithmic phase, together with the protein biosynthesis, along with theprotein biosynthesis in Aspergillus niger strain A.n./61 on a solid medium containing beet pulp.
Abstract: Growth kinetics of Aspergillus niger strain A.n./61 on a solid medium containing beet pulp were examined.
Solid state fermentation was carried out in laboratory microfermenter (aerated packed columns). During the experiments the CO2 evolution, protein biosynthesis, as well as cellulose and sucrose utilization were determined.
It was found that CO2 evolution evidently increased in the logarithmic phase, together with the protein biosynthesis. Between 30–32 h of culture CO2 evolution and protein content in product were the greatest. Subsequently, CO2 evolution decreased.
During 28 h of culture, cellulose was slightly utilized, the strain using mainly sucrose. Intense utilization of cellulose was paralleled by a drop in CO2 evolution.