Showing papers on "Solid-state fermentation published in 1988"
TL;DR: A new pilot reactor for solid‐state fermentation has been used for single‐cell protein production on raw sugar beet pulp with a mutant, Trichoderma viride T.S.S., and a material and heat balance is presented in relation with temperature and moisture level regulation during the process.
Abstract: A new pilot reactor for solid-state fermentation has been used for single-cell protein production on raw sugar beet pulp with a mutant, Trichoderma viride T.S. This pilot plant, having a maximum working capacity of one ton (ca. 200 kg dry matter) can be scaled up to the production plant level. During the process, the protein content increases from 9 to 20-21% (on the basis of dry matter) in 48 h. A material and heat balance is presented in relation with temperature and moisture level regulation during the process.
127 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a theoretical calculation based on the Ross equation showed that the water activity of the substrate decreased to 0.85 towards the end of the culture and increased when sugarcane bagasse was used as high water retention capacity support.
Abstract: During the solid state fermentation (SSF) of cassava starch by Aspergillus niger estimations were made of total water, consumed water and the residual water remaining in small quantities after 23 h. A theoretical calculation based on the Ross equation showed that the water activity (a
w) of the substrate decreased to 0.85 towards the end of the culture. Such low values were assumed to be inhibitory to growth. The a
w of the substrate was increased when sugarcane bagasse was used as a high water retention capacity support. Higher growth rates and substrate conversion to biomass were obtained with this system, confirming that water availability is a critical factor in the SSF of starch substrates.
121 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a non-sterile solid state fermentation (SSF) on bagasse impregnated with culture medium was used to produce penicillin, and the use of concentrated media greatly enhanced the antibiotic production.
Abstract: Penicillin was produced by a non-sterile solid state fermentation (SSF) on bagasse impregnated with culture medium. The use of concentrated media greatly enhanced the antibiotic production in this system. It was observed that adequate initial moisture content (70%) of the impregnated solid medium results in higher production. A comparison between solid and liquid fermentation showed superior yield and productivity.
97 citations
TL;DR: Starchy agricultural wastes were inoculated with amylolytic yeasts for protein enrichment by solid-state fermentation and the final product contained 16.11-20.82% protein.
Abstract: Starchy agricultural wastes were inoculated with amylolytic yeasts for protein enrichment by solid-state fermentation. The moisture content of substrate was 65-69%, and water activity was equivalent to 0.98-0.99. The optimum conditions for protein enrichment were initial moisture content 65%, initial pH 4.5, a 1:1 mixture of ammonium sulfate and urea was incrementally added to the ferment with 1% added at zero time, 1% added at 24 h, and 0.5% added at 48 h, and incubation with amylolytic yeasts (1.0 x 10(10)/100 g substrate) at 30 degrees C for 2-3 days. The final product contained 16.11-20.82% protein.
50 citations
TL;DR: The oxygen uptake rate (THE AUTHORS') was studied in a solid state fermentation process of dried citrus peel with the strain Aspergillus niger QH-2 in order to obtain the growth estimation of the microorganism in the system.
Abstract: The oxygen uptake rate (OUR) was studied in a solid state fermentation process of dried citrus peel with the strain Aspergillus niger QH-2 in order to obtain the growth estimation of the microorganism in the system.
The relationship between OUR, the maintenance coefficient (m) and the yield for oxygen consumption YO2 allows the estimation of the biomass rate if we consider that both parameters are not constants in some periods of the process.
It was estimated that in the first 24th the strain has an specific growth rate of 0.174 h−1 with values for YO2 and m in the order of 2.84 g-cell/g-oxygen and 0.006 g-oxygen/g-cell ·h respectively.
36 citations
TL;DR: The synthesis of 2-heptanone from the sodium salt of octanoic acid by spores of five strains of Penicillium roqueforti showed a high disparity in kinetic behavior, and an activator was needed in the incubation medium.
Abstract: The synthesis of 2-heptanone from the sodium salt of octanoic acid by spores of five strains ofPenicillium roqueforti was studied. The strains showed a high disparity in kinetic behavior. The one selected, which was originally isolated from blue cheese, had a good resistance to substrate inhibition along with a good apparent biotransformation yield (close to 60%). An activator was needed in the incubation medium. The loss of activity of aging spores was reduced by the activator compounds; ethanol exhibited the highest efficiency. When spores were produced on buckwheat seeds with a solid state fermentation technique, the medium itself was an activator source. When the biotransformation reaction was carried out in a stirred aerated fermentor, the volatile loss by air-stream stripping had to be taken into account. No ketone metabolism occurred with the strain used.
30 citations
01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used filamentous fungi to degrade caffeine when used as a nitrogen source and found that nearly 80% of the isolated microorganisms were Aspergillus.
Abstract: Coffee pulp is a greatly abundant agroindustrial waste with a limited use as feed. due to Us high contents oftoxic compounds such as caffeine. tarmines and polyphenols. An alternative to increase Us utilization could be a detoxification process through Sal1d State Fermentation. using filamentous fungi. These microorganisms are able to degrade caffeine when Uis used as nitrogen source. Same degradation pathways are known. and urea 1s one of the ultimate products of this degradation. Sail. leaves and coffee fruits samples was recolected from Xalapa. Ver. and Saconusco. Chis .. Mexico: the isolation was done by inoculating samples on 3 semisynthetic culture media contening coffee extract CA). coffee extract with sucrose (8) and coffee pulp extract (C) with mineral salts and streptomycine (30 ppm). Cultures were incubated at 25"C and 35"C. The purification was made through succesive repl1cation with the same isolation culture medium. In this form. 280 pure strains were isolated and identlfied by macroscoplc and microscopie observations on standard culture media plates and microculture. Subsequently. a physiologie study ofthese strains was made in l1quid medium with caffeine and other controled conditions. Strains were selected for their caffeine degradation capacity in this selective l1quid medium. After 70 hours of incubation. strains with nearly 80% of caffeine degradation were found and in sorne cases correlated with a notable increase in pH. Most of the isolated microorganisms were Aspergillus. Penicillium, Trichoderma and
25 citations
25 citations
TL;DR: R. oligosporus was chosen as the more suitable organism for future studies of the protein enrichment of cassava by solid-state fermentation, although growth was stimulated by the addition of yeast extract and peptone.
Abstract: Colony radial growth rates of Rhizopus oligosporus and Aspergillus oryzae were compared under various conditions on agar plates containing cassava starch. Both organisms grew well on cassava starch as their sole source of carbon and energy, although growth was stimulated by the addition of yeast extract and peptone. Neither organism utilized ungelatinized starch effectively. The optimum initial pH for R. oligosporus was 7, although good growth was obtained at pH 5 when ammonium sulfate was partially replaced by urea. A. oryzae grew well over a range of initial pH values from 5 to 8. Growth of R. oligosporus was inhibited by NaCl concentrations above 0.5% (w/v) while A. oryzae was unaffected up to 4% NaCl. The best colony radial growth rate obtained for R. oligosporus was 1.01 mm/h, which was far superior to that obtained for A. oryzae (0.29 mm/h). R. oligosporus was chosen as the more suitable organism for future studies of the protein enrichment of cassava by solid-state fermentation.
23 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a model solid substrate consisting of cassava starch and other nutrients embedded in kappa-carrageenan was developed, and a suitable fermentation system and analytical techniques were also developed to cope with the constraints imposed by solid state fermentation.
Abstract: A model solid substrate was developed, consisting of cassava starch and other nutrients embedded in kappa-carrageenan. A suitable fermentation system and analytical techniques were also developed to cope with the constraints imposed by solid-state fermentation.
17 citations
01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: In this article, a method for measuring KL a in a solid state medium is proposed, which allows to study the influence of air inflow rate and dry matter percentage of the medium on the oxygen volumetric mass transfer coefficient.
Abstract: A convenient method for measuring KL a in a solid state medium is proposed. Due to the particular nature of the substrate used in solid state fermentation, different modifications of the sulfite oxidation method have been necessary. This first approach allows to study the influence of air inflow rate and dry matter percentage of the medium on the oxygen volumetric mass transfer coefficient.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of solid state fermentation (SSF) for the production of GA 3 was investigated and a better yield of the product as compared to that by submerged fermentation (SmF).
Abstract: Exploratory studies on the production of gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) by solid state fermentation (SSF) revealed better yield of the product as compared to that by submerged fermentation (SmF). Wheat bran, enriched with inorganic minerals, was the best substrate and it was not necessary to add any other nutrient or stimulant to it. The use of SSF for the production of GA 3 is promising.
TL;DR: A fungal strain suitable for protein enrichment of starchy raw materials was selected by evaluation of the growth rate, results of protein biosynthesis in solid state fermentation (SSF) and assessment of fungal biomass.
Abstract: A fungal strain suitable for protein enrichment of starchy raw materials was selected by evaluation of the growth rate, results of protein biosynthesis in solid state fermentation (SSF) and assessment of fungal biomass. The strain Aspergillus oryzae A.or. 11 selected for further studies was characterized by the radial growth rate Kr of about 300 μm/h and by the specific growth rate μ of about 0.100 h−1. Fungal biomass contained about 32% of crude protein in dry matter. The digestibility of this protein in vitro was close to 75%. Protein analysis for amino acids showed that the content of exogenous amino acids approached that in protein of the FAO standard. As a result of 34 — h culture of this strain in solid medium, net protein increased by about 5.0 g/100 g of starting medium d.m. at the cost of decomposition of about 20 g carbohydrates.
TL;DR: Serveral conditions were studied to prepare an economical preculture for large scale process and the best performance was shown by a preculture obtained in 24 h from 1.5 % molasses solution at pH 4.5–5.0 with milled beet pulp.
Abstract: For the protein upgrading of sugar-beet pulp in solid state fermentation byTrichodermareesei andFusariumoxysporum, serveral conditions were studied to prepare an economical preculture for large scale process. The best performance was shown by a preculture obtained in 24 h from 1.5 % molasses solution at pH 4.5–5.0 with 1.0 % milled beet pulp.
TL;DR: In this article, a semi solid culture is adapted to ethanol production from sugar-beet, which offers some advantages (reduction of liquid volumes and suppression of the diffusion step) with a tubular reactor, the ethanol concentration obtained reaches 8,3%, and the yield is 0,407.
Abstract: Semi solid culture is adaptated to ethanol production from sugar-beet. This technique offers some advantages (reduction of liquid volumes and suppression of the diffusion step). With a tubular reactor, the ethanol concentration obtained reaches 8,3%, and the yield is 0,407. The feasability of solid state fermentation on sugar-beet is demonstrated.
TL;DR: In an attempt to grow microorganisms other than fungi using a solid-state fermentation process, a model system of Baker’s yeast was cultured in an air-fluidized bed fermentor in an highly aerated system.
Abstract: In an attempt to grow microorganisms other than fungi using a solid-state fermentation process, a model system of Baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was cultured in an air-fluidized bed fermentor A semisolid potato mixture (pretreated with α-amylase) was used for the substrate in this highly aerated system
01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: Effet de la temperature d'extraction, de la proportion de bacteries par rapport au systeme tampon du milieu, de the duree d’extraction and du mode d‘extraction (addition de glycerol au solvant et extraction a contre-courant).
Abstract: Effet de la temperature d'extraction, de la proportion de bacteries par rapport au systeme tampon du milieu, de la duree d'extraction et du mode d'extraction (addition de glycerol au solvant et extraction a contre-courant)
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, Aspergillus niger 16 grown by solid state fermentation on sugarcane bagasse fortified with sucrose was studied and the addition of ethanol and fluoroacetate after 6 h growth gave max. conversion.
Abstract: [Citric acid is one of the most commonly used organic acids in food and pharmaceutical industries.] Citric acid production by Aspergillus niger 16 grown by solid state fermentation on sugarcane bagasse fortified with sucrose was studied. Ethanol and coconut oil at 3% v/w increased citric acid production. Fluoroacetate at a concn. of 1.0 mg/15 g bagasse enhanced the yield of citric acid significantly. Addition of ethanol and fluoroacetate after 6 h growth gave max. conversion.
01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: The altered lignins presented a relative increase in the arounts of carboxyl e's and alkyl e' s, suggesting respectively the oxidative alteration of 1 ignin and the iocorporation or coextraction of fungal 1 ipids in the 1 ignIn fraction.
Abstract: This stuqy is m.rt the effect of five species of lignin and ce11u1ose-degrading fungi on the chanica1 characteristics of 1 ignin after 45-day sol id-state fenrentation of Wleat straw. The species iooculated \Ere Chaetanit.m virescens, Trici'locB1na reesei, Phanerochaete chrysosporit.m, Fares farentarius and GarKxBml applanatun. The creased arounts of aryl C'S, and the latter species caused an additional decrease in the intensity of the resonances proclK:ed by the sicrease in the intensity of the resonances assigned to residual carbohydrate 1 iñ