Showing papers on "Solid-state fermentation published in 1993"
TL;DR: Results indicate that regulatory phenomena, such as induction-repression or activation-inhibition, related to pectinase synthesis by A. niger CH4 are different in the two types of fermentation.
Abstract: A study was made to compare the production of pectinase by Aspergillus niger CH4 in solid-state (SSF) and submerged (SmF) fermentations. Production of endo- (endo-p) and exo-pectinase (exo-p) by SSF was not reduced when glucose, sucrose or galacturonic acid (up to 10%) were added to a culture medium containing pectin. Moreover, both activities increased when concentrations of the carbon sources were also increased. In SmF, these activities were strongly decreased when glucose or sucrose (3%) was added to culture medium containing pectin. The addition of galacturonic acid affected endo-p activity production to a lesser extend than exo-p. Final endo-p and exo-p activities in SSF were three and 11 times higher, respectively, than those obtained in SmF. The overall productivities of SSF were 18.8 and 4.9 times higher for endo-p and exo-p, respectively, than those in SmF. These results indicate that regulatory phenomena, such as induction-repression or activation-inhibition, related to pectinase synthesis by A. niger CH4 are different in the two types of fermentation.
218 citations
TL;DR: The xylanase of T. lanuginosus was found to be inducible by xylan containing C sources as well as by xylose, and the optimal pH values of all enzymes were determined.
128 citations
TL;DR: It was found that solid state fermentation was 6–8 times more efficient with respect to iturin productivity than submerged fermentation on the basis of unit wet weight.
120 citations
TL;DR: This chapter discusses the biochemical engineering aspects of solid-state fermentation, which involves the growth of microorganisms on moist solid substrate in the absence of free-flowing water.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the biochemical engineering aspects of solid-state fermentation (SSF). Solid-state fermentation involves the growth of microorganisms on moist solid substrate in the absence of free-flowing water. The necessary moisture in SSF exists in an absorbed or complexed form within the solid matrix, which is likely to be more advantageous because of the possible efficient oxygen transfer process. Most applications of fermentation for the manufacture of industrial products use technology based on submerged fermentation; solid-state fermentation techniques are seen to exhibit great potential and for specific cases, competitive SSF systems have already been developed. Some of the important aspects on which research efforts need to be focused in this area are (1) the development of mathematical models accounting for the interactions of transport of heat and mass with bioreaction kinetics in different types of SSF systems; (2) theoretical predictions and experimental determination of transport parameters for SSF; (3) the development of reliable estimation methods, in particular for biomass in the presence of solids; and (4) better design of bioreactors enablingaccurate measurement and control of variables such as temperature, gaseous concentration, and water activity. To develop an effective SSF process, an interdisciplinary effort involving a combination of microbiological and engineering aspects is essential.
93 citations
TL;DR: The significant parameters in the production of Candida rugosa lipase using rice bran as solid substrate were optimized by the response surface technique.
80 citations
TL;DR: Immobilization of lipase on rice bran ( in situ ) has been found possible and the particle size and oil content of the bran and the addition of urea and maltose have a pronounced effect on the production oflipase.
65 citations
TL;DR: Wheat bran and rice bran were evaluated to test their efficiency as sole carbon sources for enzyme formation and WB produced a higher enzyme productivity than RB, showing a varying trend of enzyme production.
55 citations
TL;DR: Overproducing clones, particularly suited for SSF, were obtained by the procedures followed, and the higher-producing strains showed lower relative performance, suggesting that higher producing strains tend to express less efficiently their potential in SSF.
51 citations
TL;DR: The use of a large particle size (14 mm) support (sugar cane bagasse) increased penicillin production by solid state fermentation by 37 %, however this effect was due to a higher sugar concentration in this bagasse fraction.
50 citations
TL;DR: Lignin degradation by Pleurotus ostreatus was studied under solid-state fermentation (SSF) in chemically defined medium containing various levels of Mn, and Mn was found to precipitate in all treatments, with or without the addition of malonate.
Abstract: Lignin degradation by Pleurotus ostreatus was studied under solid-state fermentation (SSF) in chemically defined medium containing various levels of Mn. Degradation of [C]lignin prepared from cotton branches to soluble products, as well as its mineralization to CO(2), was enhanced by the addition of Mn. The effect of malonate on lignin mineralization was most marked during the first 10 days of SSF, in a treatment amended with 73 muM Mn. A high concentration of Mn (4.5 mM) caused inhibition of both fungal growth and mineralization rates during the first 2 weeks of incubation. Addition of malonate reversed this effect because of chelation of Mn. Mn was found to precipitate in all treatments, with or without the addition of malonate. alpha-Keto-gamma-methiolbutyric acid cleavage to ethylene, an indication of OH production, was observed as early as 3 days of incubation in all treatments.
46 citations
TL;DR: Two fungal strains, Aspergillus clavatus II-9 and Fusarium oxysporum @ 149, proved to be capable of degrading sinigrin and sinalbin, thus opening new perspectives for a cost effective detoxification process for raw feed materials.
Abstract: Two fungal strains, Aspergillus clavatus II-9 and Fusarium oxysporum @ 149, proved to be capable of degrading sinigrin and sinalbin During the degradation of sinigrin by whole cells of the Aspergillus strain, allylcyanide accumulated in the liquid incubation mixture After a maximum concentration had been reached, the concentration of allylcyanide decreased as a result of its instability in the medium used Incubation of cell-free extracts with sinigrin resulted in accumulation of glucose and allylisothiocyanate, suggesting that myrosinase is involved Experiments with intact cells and cell-free extracts indicate the formation of an as yet unknown intermediate When sinigrin was degraded by the Aspergillus strain in mustard seed meal under solid-state fermentation (SSF) conditions, no accumulation of allylcyanide or allylisothiocyanate was measured Degradation of sinigrin by F oxysporum @ 149 did not result in accumulation of intermediates, neither in liquid incubation mixtures nor in mustard seed meal under SSF conditions Sinigrin was not degraded during incubation with cell-free extracts of F oxysporum @ 149 Degradation of sinalbin by A clavatus and F oxysporum was measured during fermentation of yellow mustard seed meal under SSF conditions Both fungi are useful for laboratory-scale SSF of mustard seed meal, thus opening new perspectives for a cost effective detoxification process for raw feed materials
TL;DR: There is the possibility of achieving tailor-made spectra of ergot alkaloids by changing the liquid nutrient media composition of Claviceps purpurea 1029c in a solid-state fermentation system.
TL;DR: The production process of a new bioinsecticide against european corn borer is described, which has a field efficiency of 80% and conserves its efficiency after storage for 12 months at 4 degrees C, unlike pure cells.
TL;DR: This is the first report on the potential of sugarcane-pressmud for citric acid production and potassium ferrocyanide improved the conversion to about 88% and lowered the fermentation time by 24 h.
Abstract: Sugarcane-pressmud, a by-product of cane-sugar manufacture, was used as a substrate for production of citric acid by Aspergillus niger CFTRI 30, in a solid-state fermentation system. Of the 170 g of sugar supplied, 131 g were consumed, with a 79% yield of citric acid over 120 h. Potassium ferrocyanide improved the conversion to about 88% and lowered the fermentation time by 24 h. Enrichment with sugar and NH4NO3 was essential to improve productivity. About 174 g citric acid/kg dry sugarcane-pressmud were produced after 120 h in ferrocyanid-treated medium which initially contained 12.5% (w/w) effective sugar and 0.1% (w/w) NH4NO3. About 3% (w/w) of the original sugar present in the sugarcane-pressmud was non-utilizable. This is the first report on the potential of sugarcane-pressmud for citric acid production.
TL;DR: From about 10 years, developing reactors from lab scale to pilot plant, based on the same technology, reactor design and flowsheet to allow fermentation with a deep layer, with the possibility of forced aeration and the possibility or not to agitate.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors showed that steep gradients in the temperature and enzyme levels at different depths in deep bed rectangular fermenters with different loads were due to metabolic heat generation in the initial fermentation period.
TL;DR: It was found that low levels of a(w) produced by adding 15% EG to agar plates, were a significant selection factor for strains well adapted to SSF system, and suggested the existence of a reciprocal relation between adaptation of isolated strains toSSF or to Submerged Fermentation (SmF) systems.
TL;DR: Penicillium citrinum, using rice husks in a solid state fermentation, produced maximum cellulase yields after 12 days with a cellulose utilization of more than 70% and enzyme yields were three times higher than in shake-flask cultures.
Abstract: Penicillium citrinum, using rice husks in a solid state fermentation, produced maximum cellulase yields (37 Units/g) after 12 days with a cellulose utilization of more than 70%. Enzyme yields were three times higher than in shake-flask cultures.
TL;DR: The results showed the ability of the yeast to grow on the three solid media with fairly good viability and total dextrose consumption in the case of sugarcane bagasse and Amberlite, and partial consumption of wheat bran sugars.
TL;DR: By means of this measurement, the fungal growth kinetics could be followed on different solid media (vegetable material such as sugar beet pulp and sponge or mineral like clay granules) used and it is important to note that this method should not be used to compare different media without calibration.
TL;DR: The protease production was strongly related to the mold metabolic activity as represented by the total CO(2) evolved, and the pH evolution patterns were similar in all cases but different if the measurements were made on-line or on a liquid homogenate of the fermented substrate.
TL;DR: The in-vitro-digestibility values of OP and OP + GS were similar to or lower than those of the unfermented substrates, and the only advantage observed was the loss of lignin content and a slight increase of crude protein in the end-products.
TL;DR: The experiments reported indicate the potential of using the changing colour of the substrate during the growth of the microorganism can be quantified by light reflectance measurements for monitoring biomass in the presence of solid substrates.
TL;DR: Lipolytic enzymes were produced using wheat bran as substrate in a solid state fermentation with Penicillium candidum and the highest activity, 480 micromoles of FBA, was obtained at a moisture content of 67.5 % of saturation.
TL;DR: Pleurotus ostreatus, a white-rot edible mushroom, was cultivated on perlite particles supplemented with basidiomycete growth medium, and compared to that grown on a lignocellulosic substrate, cotton stalks as mentioned in this paper.
TL;DR: Protein enrichment of sweet potato residue with amylolytic moulds by solid-state fermentation was higher than that obtained with amymolytic yeasts and the optimum initial moisture content for protein enrichment was 66% to 75%.
TL;DR: During decaffeination of Coffee Processing Plant Solid Wastes (CPSW) by actinomycetes, Thermomonospora, Strain 29 exhibited high titers of cellulase and xylanase, and step wise addition of the three enzymes showed higher saccharification of lignocellulosics.
TL;DR: Two strains of Pleurotus spp.
Abstract: Two strains of Pleurotus spp., grown in solid state fermentation on sugar-cane straw, degraded the dry matter by 50% after 60 days. The rate of substrate consumption and the dry weight of fruiting bodies decreased in consecutive flushings. Both strains vigorously attacked hemicellulose (80% of total degradation) and lignin (70%). Fruiting bodies were rich in protein and lipids, and had a low content of carbohydrates and ash.
TL;DR: Growth kinetics of Rhizopus arrhizus MUCL 28168 were determined for different treatments of cassava during solid state fermentation and the best case gave a specific growth rate of 0.24 h-1.
Abstract: Growth kinetics of Rhizopus arrhizus MUCL 28168 were determined for different treatments of cassava during solid state fermentation. The best case gave a specific growth rate (μ) of 0.24 h-1, a yield calculated on a basis that oxygen consumption (Yx/o) was 2.9 g biomass. g-1 O2 consumed and the maintenance coefficient (m) was 0.004 g O2 consumed. g-1 biomass. h-1.