Showing papers on "Solid-state fermentation published in 2000"
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, three agricultural residues, wheat straw, wood chips and corn-cob shreds, were tested for their ability to adsorb individual dyes and dye mixtures in solutions.
605 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, three agricultural residues, wheat straw, wood chips and corn-cob shreds, were tested for their ability to adsorb individual dyes and dye mixtures in solutions.
561 citations
TL;DR: In this article, soy and wheat bran were employed as raw materials for the production of pectinases by Aspergillus niger through solid-state fermentation, and several fermentation and recovery parameters were studied.
232 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, solid-state fermentation was carried out to evaluate three different agro-industrial wastes, sugar cane bagasse, coffee husk and cassava bagasse for their efficiency in production of citric acid by a culture of Aspergillus niger.
202 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of fermentation conditions, such as moisture content, initial pH, temperature, and composition of mixed substrate (wheat straw and wheat bran) on endoglucanase production by Aspergillus niger 38 were studied.
165 citations
TL;DR: The results showed good prospects of using these fungal strains, in particular Aspergillus sp.
159 citations
TL;DR: Solid-state fermentation using inert supports impregnated with chemically defined liquid media has several potential applications in both scientific studies and in the industrial production of high-value products, such as metabolites, biological control agents and enzymes.
146 citations
TL;DR: The results proved the feasibility of using cassava bagasse and giant palm bran as substrates to produce fruity aroma compounds by the yeast culture.
112 citations
TL;DR: Enzymic formulations with suitable polygalacturonase and FPCAse activities were favourable to extract oil from the pulp of tropical fruits and oleaginous seeds.
106 citations
TL;DR: The production of citric and gluconic acids from fig by Aspergillus niger ATCC 10577 in solid-state fermentation was investigated and the addition of 6% (w/w) methanol into substrate increased the concentration from 64 and 490 to 96 and 685 g/kg dry fig, respectively.
Abstract: The production of citric and gluconic acids from fig by Aspergillus niger ATCC 10577 in solid-state fermentation was investigated. The maximal citric and gluconic acids concentration (64 and 490 g/kg dry figs, respectively), citric acid yield (8%), and gluconic acid yield (63%) were obtained at a moisture level of 75%, initial pH 7.0, temperature 30°C, and fermentation time in 15 days. However, the highest biomass dry weight (40 g/kg wet substrate) and sugar utilization (90%) were obtained in cultures grown at 35°C. The addition of 6% (w/w) methanol into substrate increased the concentration of citric and gluconic acid from 64 and 490 to 96 and 685 g/kg dry fig, respectively. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 25, 298–304.
100 citations
TL;DR: Extracellular l -glutaminase production by Beauveria sp., isolated from marine sediment, was observed during solid state fermentation using polystyrene as an inert support as mentioned in this paper.
TL;DR: Three Aspergillus nigerstrains were grown in submerged and solid state fermentation systems with sucrose at 100 g l−1 and better productivity in solid-state was due to a better mould growth.
Abstract: Three Aspergillus nigerstrains were grown in submerged and solid state fermentation systems with sucrose at 100 g l−1. Average measurements of all strains, liquid vs solid were: final biomass (g l−1), 11 ± 0.3 vs 34 ± 5; maximal enzyme titres (U l−1) 1180 ± 138 vs 3663 ± 732; enzyme productivity (U l−1h−1) 20 ± 2 vs 87 ± 33 and enzyme yields (U/gX) 128 ± 24 vs 138 ± 72. Hence, better productivity in solid-state was due to a better mould growth.
TL;DR: Three distinct forms (Lip A, Lip B and Lip C) of extra-cellular lipases produced by Candida rugosa in solid state fermentation were purified and characterised, and may find potential application in biomedical field.
Abstract: Three distinct forms (Lip A, Lip B and Lip C) of extra-cellular lipases (EC- 3.1.1.3), produced by Candida rugosa in solid state fermentation (SSF) were purified and characterised. SSF was carried out in glass columns using coconut oil cake and wheat bran. The enzyme was purified from the aqueous extract of fermented matter by ammonium sulphate precipitation, dialysis, ultra-filtration and gel filtration using Sephadex-200 to a 43-fold purification and 64.35-mg/ml specific activity. SDS-PAGE of purified enzyme revealed three distinct bands, indicating the existence of three iso-forms, Lip A, Lip B and Lip C with apparent molecular weight about 64,000, 62,000 and 60,000 Da, respectively. All the three iso-forms were optimally active at 35-40°C and pH 7-8. They showed marked differences in their Km values with different saturated and unsaturated triacyl glycerols. Ag++ and Hg++ strongly inhibited enzyme activity of all the iso-forms, Mn++ has no effect and Ca++ and Mg++ enhanced the activity. EDTA also strongly inhibited the enzyme activities of iso-forms. However, activities of all the three lipases were completely inhibited by serine protease inhibitors such as 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin, pefabloc and partially by phenylmethanesulphonyl fluoride. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the purification and characterisation of C. rugosa lipase iso-forms from solid cultures. These lipase iso-forms with diverse characteristics produced in solid cultures may find potential application in biomedical field.
TL;DR: Caesalpinia digyna, a tannin-rich forest residue, was used as substrate for production of tannase and gallic acid and recovery under modified solid-state fermentation condition was maximum.
Abstract: Caesalpinia digyna, a tannin-rich forest residue, was used as substrate for production of tannase and gallic acid. Media engineering was carried out under solid-state fermentation, submerged fermentation and modified solid state fermentation conditions for optimum synthesis of tannase and gallic acid (based on 58% tannin content in the raw material). Tannase vis-a-vis gallic acid recovery under modified solid-state fermentation condition was maximum. Conversions of tannin to gallic acid under solid-state fermentation, submerged fermentation and modified solid-state fermentation conditions were 30.5%, 27.5% and 90.9%, respectively. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 25, 29–38.
TL;DR: The supplementation of basal medium with enriched peptone, oliveoil, and Tween-80 positively influenced both enzyme production and fungal growth.
Abstract: Lipase, protease, and amylase production by Penicillium restrictum in solid-state fermentation was investigated. The basal medium was an industrial waste of babassu oil (Orbignya oleifera) production. It was enriched with peptone, olive oil, and Tween-80. The supplementation positively influenced both enzyme production and fungal growth. Media enriched with Tween-80 provided the highest protease activity (8.6 U/g), whereas those enriched with peptone and olive oil led to the highest lipase (27.8 U/g) and amylase (31.8 U/g) activities, respectively.
TL;DR: The thermotolerant fungus, Aspergillus niger NCIM 563, was used for production of extracellular phytase on agricultural residues: wheat bran, mustard cake, cowpea meal, groundnut cake, coconut cake, cotton cake and black bean flour in solid state fermentation (SSF).
Abstract: The thermotolerant fungus, Aspergillus niger NCIM 563, was used for production of extracellular phytase on agricultural residues: wheat bran, mustard cake, cowpea meal, groundnut cake, coconut cake, cotton cake and black bean flour in solid state fermentation (SSF). Maximum enzyme activity (108 U g−1 dry mouldy bran, DMB) was obtained with cowpea meal. During the fermentation phytic acid was hydrolysed completely with a corresponding increase in biomass and phytase activity within 7 days. Phosphate in the form of KH2PO4 (10 mg per 100 g of agriculture residue) increased phytase activity. Among various surfactants added to SSF, Trition X-100 (0.5%) exhibited a 30% increase in phytase activity. The optimum pH and temperature of the crude enzyme were 5.0 and 50°C respectively. Phytase activity (86%) was retained in buffer of pH 3.5 for 24 h. The enzyme retained 75% of its activity on incubation at 55°C for 1 h. In the presence of 1 mM K+ and Zn2+, 95% and 55% of the activity were retained. Scanning electron microscopy showed a high density growth of fungal mycelia on wheat bran particles during SSF. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 24, 237–243.
TL;DR: In this article, the extraction of protease in the solid state fermentation of wheat bran by Rhizopus oryzae, was conducted, and the optimum volume was 5 ml/g bran.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used apple pomace (AP) and spent malt grains (SMG) as the major substrate components for the production of a high-value fungal oil containing up to 11.43% biologically active γ-linolenic acid (GLA).
TL;DR: The results indicate that the packed column bioreactor can become a more acceptable solid state fermentation system for commercial exploitation of Fenthion specific biosurfactant production.
Abstract: Biosurfactants capable of emulsifying pesticides have great potential to assist in microbial degradation of the pesticides. Solid State Fermentation (SSF) due to several advantages, is one of the efficient ways of producing these surfactants and seldom receives attention for commercial exploitation. In this study, a packed column bioreactor with wheat bran as the raw material and Bacillus subtilis has been used to produce a biosurfactant specific to disperse Fenthion, an organophosphrous pesticide. The emulsifier activity (EA) and surface tension from the packed column bioreactor were compared with flask fermentation experiments, which served as control. Airflow rate in the packed column bioreactor was varied from 10–20 l/min. Maximum EA and minimum surface tension occurred at airflow rate of 20 l/min. Peak EA in the control was 1.2 at 29 h while it was 1.9 in the bioreactor. The least surface tension of 24 dynes/cm was noticed at 54 h in the bioreactor, which was 33% better than the control at the same time period. The results indicate that the packed column bioreactor can become a more acceptable solid state fermentation system for commercial exploitation of Fenthion specific biosurfactant production.
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of oxygen mass transfer coefficients in solid state fermentations is clarified with a simple pseudo-steady-state model and used to discuss the influence of the biofilm thickness, the dissolved oxygen diffusion coefficient, the convective gas mass transfer coefficient, and the gas flow rate on the oxygen transfer coefficient in solid-state fermentations.
TL;DR: A laboratory practical experiment in Biotechnology involving the investigation of α-amylase production by solid state fermentation of Gibberella fujikuroi is described.
TL;DR: Development of a Monod-type product-formation model was undertaken to predict methane formation and to determine kinetic parameters for the methanogenic processes in the simulated landfill and separate methane reactors.
TL;DR: Solid state fermentation of several low-toxin varieties of grass pea seeds with Aspergillus oryzae and Rhizopus microsporus var chinensis removed the neurotoxin β-ODAP to a considerable degree from the seed meal, and those of other free protein amino acids increased dramatically in the fermented seeds.
Abstract: Solid state fermentation of several low-toxin varieties of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L) seeds with Aspergillus oryzae and Rhizopus microsporus var chinensis removed the neurotoxin β-ODAP (3-N-oxalyl-L-2,3-diaminopropanoic acid) to a considerable degree from the seed meal. The detoxification efficiency was statistically significant and ranged from 52.4% (p < 0.01) to 82.2% (p < 0.001), which was lower than for a high-toxin variety processed by the same fermentation procedure (94.8%, p < 0.001). While the content of β-ODAP decreased, those of other free protein amino acids, especially glutamic acid, histidine, threonine, tyrosine, valine and lysine, increased dramatically in the fermented seeds. Efforts to remove the neurotoxin from Lathyrus sativus either by breeding or by food processing to obtain toxin-free grass pea seeds have been made worldwide for several decades. The efficiencies of various reported processing methods are summarised and compared.
© 2000 Society of Chemical Industry
TL;DR: In this article, the advances in the production of cellulase by solid-state fermentation are reviewed and several suggestions are proposed which might further research and development of the cellulase production by the solid state fermentation process.
Abstract: The advances in the production of cellulase by solid-state fermentation are reviewed. In the process description of solid-state fermentation for cellulase production, the microorganisms, raw materials for solid-state fermentation, pretreatment of raw materials, sterilization and inoculation, and solid-state fermentation process are included. The effects and control of operating conditions, such as temperature, water content and water activity, pH, aeration, and substrate, are presented. A total of eight types of bioreactors with their advantages and disadvantages for solid-state fermentation are discussed. From the engineering aspect, mathematical models for the solid-state fermentation process are also discussed and several suggestions are proposed which might further research and development of cellulase production by the solid-state fermentation process.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, apple pomace (AP) was prepared on a large scale by solid state fermentation under optimized conditions by using five yeasts i.e., Saccharomyces cereutstae, Candida utilis, Torula utilis and Schlzosaccharomysts pombe and Kloeckera spp.
Abstract: Animal feed from apple pomace (AP) was prepared on a large scale by solid state fermentation under optimized conditions by using five yeasts i.e., Saccharomyces cereutstae, Candida utilis, Torula utilis, Schlzosaccharomyces pombe and Kloeckera spp. The changes during fermentation were monitored. Compositional analysis, after fermentation of apple pomace with yeasts and ethanol recovery revealed that the dried product was rich in crude proteins, crude fat, vitamin C and minerals. Fermented apple pomace, when mixed with a standard broiler feed in 1:1 ratio was acceptable to broilers and was comparable to the standard feed. The broilers gained weight regularly upto 8 weeks. There was neither mortality nor any abnormalities in liver and kidneys of the broilers. The serum biochemical changes i.e., serum urea nitrogen level sugar, total proteins, ALT, AST and AKPase levels were also found to be within the normal limits. It was concluded that reformulation of broiler feed could make apple pomace as one of the essential components of feed.
TL;DR: Aspergillus niger NRRL3 was cultivated in a moist wheat bran and ground corncob solid medium supplemented with inorganic minerals for the production ofcellobiase and was able to produce a high concentration of cellobiase after 96 h of incubation.
Abstract: Aspergillus niger NRRL3 was cultivated in a moist wheat bran and ground corncob solid medium supplemented with inorganic minerals for the production of cellobiase (β-1, 4-glucosidase, EC 3.2.1.21). With this method, A. niger NRRL3 was able to produce a high concentration of cellobiase (215 IU/g of solid substrate) after 96 h of incubation. Temperature and moisture content affected final cellobiase titers. The best conditions for cellobiase production from solid substrate by A. niger NRRL3 were determined to be 70% moisture and 35°C.
TL;DR: Solid-state fermentation using inert supports impregnated with chemically defined liquid media has several potential applications in both scientific studies and in the industrial production of high-value products, such as metabolites, biological control agents and enzymes.
Abstract: Solid-state fermentation (SSF) using inert supports impregnated with chemically defined liquid media has several potential applications in both scientific studies and in the industrial production of high-value products, such as metabolites, biological control agents and enzymes. As a result of its more defined system, SSF on inert supports offers numerous advantages, such as improved process control and monitoring, and enhanced process consistency, compared with cultivation on natural solid substrates.
TL;DR: In this paper, a central composite orthogonal design model was used to optimize pretreatment and culture conditions for the production of cellulase-systems by T. reesei QMY-1 and MCG 80 using wheat straw as carbon source.
TL;DR: In this paper, a fermentation process for the production of rifamycin-B using Amycolatopsis mediterranei VA18 was developed for solid state fermentation (SSF) and submerged fermentation (SmF).
Patent•
22 Feb 2000
TL;DR: In this paper, the Aspergillus terreus ATCC 10020 mutant strain was derived from the sugarcane pressmud by successive mutation, and the optimal pH of the medium is between 2.0-3.0.
Abstract: The method to produce itaconic acid is a solid-state fermentation method. Sugarcane pressmud or peeled sugarcane pressmud is the support used to adsorb liquid medium for the production of itaconic acid by an Aspergillus terreus mutant strain. This mutant strain was derived from Aspergillus terreus ATCC 10020 by successive mutation. Beside the remaining sucrose in the sugarcane pressmud, other carbon source can be added, i.e. glucose, fructose, sucrose, or starch hydrolysate. Appropriate amounts of nitrogen source, such as ammonium nitrate, or ammonium sulfate are added. Mineral salts, such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, ferric chloride, zinc sulfate, and copper sulfate can be added to the medium. The suitable amount of liquid medium that can be added to the support is 4 to 6 times its dry weight for the sugarcane pressmud and 8 to 14 times its dry weight for the peeled sugarcane pressmud. The optimal pH of the medium is between 2.0-3.0. The fermentation temperature is between 30-40 degrees centigrade.