Solid-state fermentation

About: Solid-state fermentation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5311 publications have been published within this topic receiving 113337 citations.

Potential of the solid-state fermentation of tomato by products by Fusarium solani pisi for enzymatic extraction of lycopene

Abstract: The present study aims to evaluate the direct use of crude enzymes extract produced by solid state fermentation (SSF) of Fusarium solani pisi to improve lycopene extraction from tomato processing by products (TPB) and thus avoiding the downstream steps. Optimized production of the crude enzymes extract (23.90 μg/ml) was obtained after 7 days of incubation of TPB moistened with distilled water (1/3, w/v) at 30 °C. Afterwards, TPB was pretreated by the crude enzymes extract with pectinolytic, cellulolytic and cutinolytic activities and then subjected to ethanol extraction. The factors investigated included pH, temperature, particle size and solid-to-crude enzymes solution ratio and results provided the following optimal extraction conditions: pH = 8, T = 50 °C, solid-to-enzyme ratio = 1/30 (w/v) and TPB particle size between 0.8 and 1.25 mm. Lycopene recovery was moderately higher when extracted using F. solani crude enzymes extract compared to either pectinases and cellulases preparations. TPB enzymatic extract exhibited powerful antioxidant activity even better than the ethanol TPB extract. The obtained results strongly support the idea of using enzymes from SSF of F. solani as an effective means for recovering powerful antioxidant from tomato by products.

L-methioninase production by Aspergillus flavipes under solid-state fermentation.

Abstract: Solid-state fermentation was carried out for the production of extra-cellular L-methioninase by Aspergillus flavipes (Bain and Sart.) using nine agro-industrial residues, namely wheat bran, rice bran, wheat flour, coconut seeds, cotton seeds, ground nut cake, lentil hulls, soya beans and chicken feathers. Chicken feathers were selected as solid substrate for L-methioninase production by A. flavipes. The maximum L-methioninase productivity (71.0 U/mg protein) and growth (11 mg protein/ml) of A. flavipes was obtained using alkali pretreated chicken feathers of 50% initial moisture content as substrate supplemented with D-glucose (1.0% w/v) and L-methionine (0.2% w/v). External supplementation of the fermentation medium with various vitamin sources has no overinductive effect on L-methioninase biosynthesis. The partially purified A. flavipes L-methioninase preparation showed highest activity (181 U/ml) at pH 8.0 with stability over a pH range (pH 6-8) for 2 h. L-methioninase activity was increased by preincubation of the enzyme for 2 h with Co(2+), Mn(2+), Cu(2+) and Mg(2+) and strongly inhibited by the presence of EDTA, NaN(3), Li(2+), Cd(2+), DMSO and 2-mercaptoethanol. The enzyme preparation has a broad substrate spectrum showing a higher affinity to deaminate L-glycine, N -acetylglucosamine and glutamic acid, in addition to their proteolytic activity against bovine serum albumin, casein, gelatin and keratin. The partially purified enzyme was found to be glyco-metalloproteinic in nature as concluded from the analytical and spectroscopic profiles of the enzyme preparation. The demethiolating activity of the enzyme was also visualized chromogenially.

Influence of Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorous Sources on Glucoamylase Production by Aspergillus awamori in Solid State Fermentation

Abstract: It was the objective of the present study to increase the production of glucoamylase by Aspergillus awamori through solid state fermentation, using wheat bran as the main carbon source and (NH4)2SO4, urea, KH2PO4, glucose, maltose and starch as additional nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon sources. The production of glucoamylase is strongly influenced by N and C sources. A 100% increase was observed when the (NH4)2SO4 was replaced by urea, with C/N = 4.8, using maltose as the additional carbon source. C/P ratios in a range of 5.1 to 28.7 did not induce glucoamylase production under the studied conditions.

Biomass sorghum as a novel substrate in solid‐state fermentation for the production of hemicellulases and cellulases by Aspergillus niger and A. fumigatus

Abstract: AIMS We investigated the role of carbon and nitrogen sources in the production of cellulase and hemicellulase by Aspergillus strains. METHODS AND RESULTS The strains Aspergillus niger SCBM1 and Aspergillus fumigatus SCBM6 were cultivated under solid-state fermentation (SSF), with biomass sorghum (BS) and wheat bran (WB) as lignocellulosic substrates, in different proportions, along with variable nitrogen sources. The best SSF condition for the induction of such enzymes was observed employing A. niger SCBM1 in BS supplemented with peptone; maximum production levels were achieved as follows: 72 h of fermentation for xylanase and exoglucanase (300·07 and 30·64 U g-1 respectively), 120 h for β-glucosidase and endoglucanase (54·90 and 41·47 U g-1 respectively) and 144 h for β-xylosidase (64·88 U g-1 ). CONCLUSIONS This work demonstrated the viability of the use of BS for the production of hemi- and cellulolytic enzymes; the high concentration of celluloses in BS could be associated with the significant production of cellulases, mainly exoglucanase. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first study which presents the promising use of biomass sorghum (genetically modified sorghum to increase its biomass content) as an alternative carbon source for the production of enzymes by SSF.

Production and characterization of cellulolytic enzymes by aspergillus niger and rhizopus sp . by solid state fermentation of prickly pear

Abstract: Prickly palm cactus husk was used as a solid-state fermentation support substrate for the production of cellulolytic enzymes using Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus sp. A Box-Behnken design was used to evaluate the effects of water activity, fermentation time and temperature on endoglucanase and total cellulase production. Response Surface Methodology showed that optimum conditions for endoglucanase production were achieved at after 70.35 h of fermentation at 29.56°C and a water activity of 0.875 for Aspergillus niger and after 68.12 h at 30.41°C for Rhizopus sp. Optimum conditions for total cellulase production were achieved after 74.27 h of fermentation at 31.22°C for Aspergillus niger and after 72.48 h and 27.86°C for Rhizopus sp. Water activity had a significant effect on Aspergillus niger endoglucanase production only. In industrial applications, enzymatic characterization is important for optimizing variables such as temperature and pH. In this study we showed that endoglucanase and total cellulase had a high level of thermostability and pH stability in all the enzymatic extracts. Enzymatic deactivation kinetic experiments indicated that the enzymes remained active after the freezing of the crude extract. Based on the results, bioconversion of cactus is an excellent alternative for the production of thermostable enzymes.