Somatosensory system

About: Somatosensory system is a(n) research topic. Over the lifetime, 6371 publication(s) have been published within this topic receiving 316900 citation(s).

The rat nervous system

Abstract: Vasculature O.U. Scremin, Cerebral Vascular System. Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nervous System C. Molander and G. Grant, Spinal Cord Cytoarchitecture. A. Ribeiro-da-Silva, Substantia Gelantinosa of Spinal Cord. G. Grant, Primary Afferent Projections to the Spinal Cord. D.J. Tracey, Ascending and Descending Pathways in the Spinal Cord. G. Gabella, Autonomic Nervous System. Brainstem and Cerebellum C.B. Saper, CentralAutonomic System. G. Holstege, The Basic, Somatic, and Emotional Components of the Motor System in Mammals. B.E. Jones, Reticular Formation: Cytoarchitecture, Transmitters, and Projections. A.J. Beitz, Periaqueductal Gray. G. Aston-Jones, M.T. Shipley, and R. Grzanna, The Locus Coeruleus, A5 and A7 Noradrenergic Cell Groups. J.H. Fallon and S.E. Loughlin, Substantia Nigra. J.B. Travers, Oromotor Nuclei. G. Holstege, B.F.M. Blok, and G.J. ter Horst, Brain Stem Systems Involved in the Blink Reflex, Feeding Mechanisms, and Micturition. T.J.H. Ruigrok and F. Cella, Precerebellar Nuclei and Red Nucleus. J. Voogd, Cerebellum. Forebrain R.B. Simerly, Anatomical Substrates of Hypothalamic Integration. W.E. Armstrong, Hypothalamic Supraoptic and Paraventricular Nuclei. B.J. Oldfield and M.J. McKinley, Circumventricular Organs. R.L. Jakab and C. Leranth, Septum. D.G. Amaral and M.P. Witter, Hippocampal Formation. G.F. Alheid, J.S. de Olmos, and C.A. Beltramino, Amygdala and Extended Amygdala. L. Heimer, D.S. Zahm, and G.F. Alheid, Basal Ganglia. J.L. Price, Thalamus. K. Zilles and A. Wree, Cortex: Areal and Laminar Structure. Sensory Systems D.J. Tracey and P.M.E. Waite, Somatosensory System. P.M.E. Waite and D.J. Tracey, Trigeminal Sensory System. W.D. Willis, K.N. Westlund, and S.M. Carlton, Pain. R. Norgren, Gustatory System. J.A. Rubertone, W.R. Mehler, and J. Voogd, The Vestibular Nuclear Complex. W.R. Webster, Auditory System. A.J. Sefton and B. Dreher, Visual System. M.T. Shipley, J.H. McLean, and M. Ennis, Olfactory System. Neurotransmitters G. Halliday, A. Harding, and G. Paxinos, Serotonin and Tachykinin Systems. S.E. Loughlin, F.M. Leslie, and J.H. Fallon, Endogenous Opioid Systems. L.L. Butcher, Cholinergic Neurons and Networks. O.P. Ottersen, O.P. Hjelle, K.K. Osen, and J.H. Laake, Amino Acid Transmitters. Development S.A. Bayer and J. Altman, Neurogenesis and Neuronal Migration. S.A. Bayer and J. Altman, Principles of Neurogenesis, Neuronal Migration, and Neural Circuit Formation. Subject Index.

Pain affect encoded in human anterior cingulate but not somatosensory cortex.

Abstract: Recent evidence demonstrating multiple regions of human cerebral cortex activated by pain has prompted speculation about their individual contributions to this complex experience. To differentiate cortical areas involved in pain affect, hypnotic suggestions were used to alter selectively the unpleasantness of noxious stimuli, without changing the perceived intensity. Positron emission tomography revealed significant changes in pain-evoked activity within anterior cingulate cortex, consistent with the encoding of perceived unpleasantness, whereas primary somatosensory cortex activation was unaltered. These findings provide direct experimental evidence in humans linking frontal-lobe limbic activity with pain affect, as originally suggested by early clinical lesion studies.

Functional organization of inferior area 6 in the macaque monkey. II. Area F5 and the control of distal movements.

Abstract: The functional properties of neurons located in the rostral part of inferior area 6 were studied in awake, partially restrained macaque monkeys. The most interesting property of these neurons was that their firing correlated with specific goal-related motor acts rather than with single movements made by the animal. Using the motor acts as the classification criterion we subdivided the neurons into six classes, four related to distal motor acts and two related to proximal motor acts. The distal classes are: "Grasping-with-the-hand-and-the-mouth neurons", "Grasping-with-the-hand neurons", "Holding neurons" and "Tearing neurons". The proximal classes are: "Reaching neurons" and "Bringing-to-the-mouth-or-to-the-body neurons". The vast majority of the cells belonged to the distal classes. A particularly interesting aspect of distal class neurons was that the discharge of many of them depended on the way in which the hand was shaped during the motor act. Three main groups of neurons were distinguished: "Precision grip neurons", "Finger prehension neurons", "Whole hand prehension neurons". Almost the totality of neurons fired during motor acts performed with either hand. About 50% of the recorded neurons responded to somatosensory stimuli and about 20% to visual stimuli. Visual neurons were more difficult to trigger than the corresponding neurons located in the caudal part of inferior area 6 (area F4). They required motivationally meaningful stimuli and for some of them the size of the stimulus was also critical. In the case of distal neurons there was a relationship between the type of prehension coded by the cells and the size of the stimulus effective in triggering the neurons. It is proposed that the different classes of neurons form a vocabulary of motor acts and that this vocabulary can be assessed by somatosensory and visual stimuli.