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Sowing

About: Sowing is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 33888 publications have been published within this topic receiving 273438 citations. The topic is also known as: seeding.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of seed coating technologies and their potential benefits to enhance seed performance, improve crop establishment, and provide early season pest management for sustainable agricultural systems is presented.
Abstract: The objective of modern seed-coating technology is to uniformly apply a wide range of active components (ingredients) onto crop seeds at desired dosages so as to facilitate sowing and enhance crop performance. There are three major types of seed treating/coating equipment: dry powder applicator, rotary pan, and pelleting pan with the provisions to apply dry powders, liquids, or a combination of both. Additional terms for coatings produced from these types of equipment include dry coating, seed dressing, film coating, encrustments, and seed pelleting. The seed weight increases for these different coating methods ranges from 5000% (>100,000-fold range). Modern coating technology provides a delivery system for many other materials including biostimulants, nutrients, and plant protectants. This review summarizes seed coating technologies and their potential benefits to enhance seed performance, improve crop establishment, and provide early season pest management for sustainable agricultural systems.

66 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: Data from this experiment indicate that low temperature during reproductive phase could limit wheat yield by affecting its phenology and fertility of pollen grains and adaptation measures need to be developed for reducing yield loss of wheat in areas experiencing very lowTemperature during anthesis stage.
Abstract: Low temperature during reproductive stage of spring wheat causes sterility of pollen grains and reduced yield. Field experiment was conducted during the winter season in the farm of Indian Agricultural Research Institute with wheat crop to study the effect of temperature on phenology and pollen sterility of spring wheat crop. Lower mean temperature during the crop growth period led to enhanced the crop growth period in both aestivum and durum varieties of wheat crop. Results showed that in early sowing treatment pollen sterility percentage was very high (46.1%) in HD 2851 variety. This in turn led to decreased pollen germination and lesser yield in wheat crop. Pollen germination was maximum between mean temperatures of 18-20C, while at lower temperatures germination of pollen grains got reduced in all wheat varieties. A good positive correlation was obtained between pollen germination percentage and yield (R 2 =0.65) of wheat crop. Data from this experiment indicate that low temperature during reproductive phase could limit wheat yield by affecting its phenology and fertility of pollen grains. Adaptation measures need to be developed for reducing yield loss of wheat in areas experiencing very low temperature during anthesis stage.

66 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the development and use of micro-plantlets and micro-tubers in potato seed tubers is presented, and strategies for improving the field performance of the micro-and minitubers are discussed.
Abstract: The production of large volumes of vitroplantlets and greenhouse tubers for increasing the rate of multiplication at the start of seed programmes provides the opportunity of reducing the total number of field generations grown before the seed moves into commerce. This implementation is especially useful for countries where high quality potato seed tubers cannot be produced because there are no vector-free production areas. This review covers the following steps: a) laboratory production of microplantlets and microtubers; b) minituber production in the glasshouse; c) storage and dormancy of micro- and minitubers; d) field performance of micro- and minitubers compared with conventional seed tubers; e) incorporation of the mentioned propagules in seed production systems. Many optimized protocols are already available for propagating plantlets, inducing microtubers and obtaining minitubers in the glasshouse at all periods of the year. Advanced molecular approaches techniques (RFLP and RAPD) to detect genetic variation in the progeny of these propagules have been described. Investigations carried out in this field have shown genetic stability, with the propagules usually reproducing plants true-to-type and tubers without deviants. By contrast, variations were demonstrated in DNA extracted from old suspension cell culture. Field trials assessed a lower yield potential crops from in vitro propagules compared with conventional seed tubers., mainly due to slow early crop development and the failure of plants caused by early stress after emergence. This may cause problems when the growing season is short because of the necessity for planting late to avoid night frosts and the mandatory haulm killing dates, common in many seed producing areas. Strategies for improving the field performance of micro- and minitubers are discussed. The most promising crop husbandry techniques appear to be: a) using tubers of a suitable physiological age, properly presprouted and encapsulated; b) optimizing the time application of fertilizer and irrigation, and c) using floating films. Outside the classical seed tuber areas of Northern Europe where the length of the growing period for pre-basic seed is usually not more than 80 days, the growing season is long enough to obtain reasonable yields even from micro- and minitubers.

66 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Winter cover crops for sod-planted corn (Zea mays L.) were studied in 11 location-year field experiments in Virginia and Rye was the most satisfactory because of superior winter hardiness, susceptibility to herbicidal killing, and the production of relatively large amounts of persistent mulch.
Abstract: Winter cover crops for sod-planted corn (Zea mays L.)were studied in 11 location-year field experiments in Virginia during the 1962-1966 period. Conventionally tilled corn with cover crop turnplowed and sod-planted corn were also compared. Rye (Secale cereale L.) was the most satisfactory because of superior winter hardiness, susceptibility to herbicidal killing, and the production of relatively large amounts of persistent mulch. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and oats (Avena sativa L.) were comparable as mulches except at higher elevations where oats winterkilled. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was the least satisfactory winter grain tested because of resistance to herbicides. Inclusion of crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) or hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.) in winter grain seedings slightly increased mulch forage but not corn yields. In general, highest corn yields occurred where largestamounts of cover crop mulch occurred, except for Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.). The additional mulch produced by late versus early killing of particular cover crops tended to increase corn yields, though not always significantly. Planting corn in rye stubble after removal of forage for hay or silage reduced corn yields an average of 47% in three of seven comparisons with rye left as mulch, while yields in the remaining four were comparable. Yields of sod-planted corn in rye sod averaged 44% higher than conventionally tilled corn in 4 of 13 comparisons and were comparable in the remaining nine. More soil moisture was found under sod-planted corn than under conventionally tilled corn, especially during the first half of the growing season. Corn yields were increased or at least maintained, in comparison to conventional tillage, by sod-planting in rye over a wide range of soil and moisture conditions, with the added advantages of improved soil and water conservation.

66 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Cover crop killing method had no effect on weed density, weed species composition, cucumber yield, and soil nutrient composition, and Weed density was lower in all cover crop systems compared to bare ground, and sorghum sudangrass and rye showed potential for improvement of cucumbers yield.

66 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20241
20232,551
20225,773
2021919
20201,657
20192,181