Sowing

About: Sowing is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 33888 publications have been published within this topic receiving 273438 citations. The topic is also known as: seeding.

Yield Loss Caused by Meloidogyne graminicola on Lowland Rainfed Rice in Bangladesh

Abstract: The impact of Meloidogyne graminicola on growth and yield of lowland rainfed rice was assessed with and without carbofuran in a rice-wheat rotation area of northwestern Bangladesh. The experiment was conducted on farmer fields and at a research station, with experimental plots arranged in a randomized complete block design. Prior to transplanting, rice seedling height and dry weight were greater (P

Nitrogen levels and its time of application influence leaf area, height and biomass of maize planted at low and high density.

Abstract: Field experiments were conducted at the New Developmental Research Farm of NWFP Agricultural University, Peshawar during 2002-03 and 2003-04 to investigate the impacts of nitrogen (N) rate and its time of application on leaf area, plant height and biomass yield of maize (Zea mays L., cv. Azam) planted at low and high density. Factorial experimental treatments comprising two plant densities (P1 = 60,000 and P2 = 100,000 plants ha -1 ) and three nitrogen rates (N1 = 60, N2 = 120 and N3 = 180 kg N ha -1 ) were kept in main plots, while six split application for N in different proportions were kept in subplots at different growth stages of maize in two equal (S1), three equal (S2), three unequal (S3), four equal (S4), five equal (S5) and five unequal splits (S6) at sowing and with 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th irrigation at two weeks intervals. Mean single leaf area (MSLA), and plant height was significantly higher in 2002-03 than in the 2003-04. Maize produced significantly taller plant and ear heights as well as biomass yield at high than at low density. MSLA and leaf area per plant (LAPP), plant and ear heights as well as biomass yield showed a remarkable increase with increasing N rate and number of N split applications. It is concluded that growing maize at high density with application of 50% higher N rate (180 kg ha -1 ) than the recommended rate of N (120 kg ha -1 ) in four to five splits can increase leaf area and plant height that could result in maximum biomass yield of maize and hence increase productivity of maize crop.

Effects of lupin-wheat rotations on soil fertility, crop disease and crop yields

Abstract: Three experiments, begun in successive years, were conducted between 1974 and 1979 in north-eastern Victoria to investigate the effects of rotating wheat (cv. Olympic) and 'sweet' lupins (Lupinus angustifolius cv. Uniharvest) on crop yields, soil fertility and crop diseases. The grain yield of continuous wheat was 2.58 t/ha and of continuous lupins 0.66 t/ha (P<0.05). Wheat, grown after a lupin crop, yielded 750 kg/ha more than wheat after wheat, and a second wheat crop, after lupins, yielded 420 kg/ha more than a third successive wheat crop. Lupins, grown after wheat, yielded 50-165% more than lupins after lupins. Grain nitrogen of wheat was significantly increased after lupins (P<0.01). Differences in soil mineral nitrogen were apparent ten weeks after sowing, with mean nitrogen levels of 37 and 55 kg/ha under wheat and lupins, respectively. Soil mineral nitrogen (0-20 cm) was consistently greater after lupins than after wheat (P<0.01) when measured just before seeding the succeeding crop. Overall, mean accretion of mineral nitrogen under lupins was 4 1 kg/ha.year. Residual nitrogen from lupins, after one succeeding wheat crop had been grown, was also evident (mean 23 kg/ha). Crop rotation influenced the incidence of crop diseases in wheat and lupins. Lupins after lupins suffered severely from brown leaf spot (Pleiochaeta setosa), up to 63% of plants being infected compared with only 18% after wheat. Disease incidence (mainly Gaeumannomyces graminis) in wheat increased from less than 1% in the first year of cropping, to 36% infection in year 3. When wheat was grown after lupins, disease incidence was negligible.

Reduced and zero-tillage options for establishment of wheat after rice in South Asia

Abstract: One of the major constraints to higher production of wheat on the 12 million hectares of rice-wheat grown in the Indo-Gangetic flood plains of South Asia is late planting and resultant poor plant stands. Late planting results in a linear decline in yield potential equivalent to 1–1.5% loss ha-1 d-1 when planting occurs after November. Late harvest of the previous rice crop or long turnaround time from rice harvest to wheat planting are two major causes of late wheat planting. Reduced or zero-tillage options are proving effective in overcoming late planting and poor plant stands in the rice-wheat systems of Asia. This paper presents data on zero-tillage systems, ranging from surface seeding to planting with four-wheel tractor seed drills, resulting in higher yields at lower costs and savings in fuel use and tractor wear and tear. Reduced tillage systems include ‘data-using’ drills that combine land preparation and seeding in one operation. Both two and four-wheel tractors have been used to achieve good results. This paper concludes that conventional tillage systems can be replaced by more economic reduced tillage options. However, it is important with reduced tillage that soil moisture at seeding is maintained at a high enough level to keep soil strength low, as occurs in tilled soils. Some longer term research is needed to determine medium term positive or negative effects of reduced tillage on sustaining wheat yields.

The effect of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on rapeseed (Brassica napes) production in South-Eastern Australia

Abstract: A field trial was conducted to determine the response of rapeseed (Brassica napus cv. Marnoo) to two irrigation treatments and six nitrogen fertilizer treatments. Dry matter accumulation, leaf area development and seed yield were measured. The dry matter and seed yield response to applied nitrogen was greater under irrigated compared to rainfed conditions. Maximum seed yield (approx. 3.8 t ha−1) was obtained from the irrigated treatment receiving 100 kg N ha−1 applied at sowing. This high rate of N application at sowing led to more rapid leaf area development and higher maximum LAI compared to treatments supplied with split application of the same amount of N at sowing and rosette stages. Greater partitioning of dry matter into the leaf component and higher specific leaf areas under the higher N regime were largely responsible for this increase. Higher maximum LAI's were associated with greater numbers of pods per plant, which combined with longer leaf area duration led to higher final seed yields.