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Spacetime symmetries
About: Spacetime symmetries is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1365 publications have been published within this topic receiving 36867 citations.
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Book•
01 Jan 1986
TL;DR: In this paper, the Cauchy-Kovalevskaya Theorem has been used to define a set of invariant solutions for differential functions in a Lie Group.
Abstract: 1 Introduction to Lie Groups- 11 Manifolds- Change of Coordinates- Maps Between Manifolds- The Maximal Rank Condition- Submanifolds- Regular Submanifolds- Implicit Submanifolds- Curves and Connectedness- 12 Lie Groups- Lie Subgroups- Local Lie Groups- Local Transformation Groups- Orbits- 13 Vector Fields- Flows- Action on Functions- Differentials- Lie Brackets- Tangent Spaces and Vectors Fields on Submanifolds- Frobenius' Theorem- 14 Lie Algebras- One-Parameter Subgroups- Subalgebras- The Exponential Map- Lie Algebras of Local Lie Groups- Structure Constants- Commutator Tables- Infinitesimal Group Actions- 15 Differential Forms- Pull-Back and Change of Coordinates- Interior Products- The Differential- The de Rham Complex- Lie Derivatives- Homotopy Operators- Integration and Stokes' Theorem- Notes- Exercises- 2 Symmetry Groups of Differential Equations- 21 Symmetries of Algebraic Equations- Invariant Subsets- Invariant Functions- Infinitesimal Invariance- Local Invariance- Invariants and Functional Dependence- Methods for Constructing Invariants- 22 Groups and Differential Equations- 23 Prolongation- Systems of Differential Equations- Prolongation of Group Actions- Invariance of Differential Equations- Prolongation of Vector Fields- Infinitesimal Invariance- The Prolongation Formula- Total Derivatives- The General Prolongation Formula- Properties of Prolonged Vector Fields- Characteristics of Symmetries- 24 Calculation of Symmetry Groups- 25 Integration of Ordinary Differential Equations- First Order Equations- Higher Order Equations- Differential Invariants- Multi-parameter Symmetry Groups- Solvable Groups- Systems of Ordinary Differential Equations- 26 Nondegeneracy Conditions for Differential Equations- Local Solvability- In variance Criteria- The Cauchy-Kovalevskaya Theorem- Characteristics- Normal Systems- Prolongation of Differential Equations- Notes- Exercises- 3 Group-Invariant Solutions- 31 Construction of Group-Invariant Solutions- 32 Examples of Group-Invariant Solutions- 33 Classification of Group-Invariant Solutions- The Adjoint Representation- Classification of Subgroups and Subalgebras- Classification of Group-Invariant Solutions- 34 Quotient Manifolds- Dimensional Analysis- 35 Group-Invariant Prolongations and Reduction- Extended Jet Bundles- Differential Equations- Group Actions- The Invariant Jet Space- Connection with the Quotient Manifold- The Reduced Equation- Local Coordinates- Notes- Exercises- 4 Symmetry Groups and Conservation Laws- 41 The Calculus of Variations- The Variational Derivative- Null Lagrangians and Divergences- Invariance of the Euler Operator- 42 Variational Symmetries- Infinitesimal Criterion of Invariance- Symmetries of the Euler-Lagrange Equations- Reduction of Order- 43 Conservation Laws- Trivial Conservation Laws- Characteristics of Conservation Laws- 44 Noether's Theorem- Divergence Symmetries- Notes- Exercises- 5 Generalized Symmetries- 51 Generalized Symmetries of Differential Equations- Differential Functions- Generalized Vector Fields- Evolutionary Vector Fields- Equivalence and Trivial Symmetries- Computation of Generalized Symmetries- Group Transformations- Symmetries and Prolongations- The Lie Bracket- Evolution Equations- 52 Recursion Operators, Master Symmetries and Formal Symmetries- Frechet Derivatives- Lie Derivatives of Differential Operators- Criteria for Recursion Operators- The Korteweg-de Vries Equation- Master Symmetries- Pseudo-differential Operators- Formal Symmetries- 53 Generalized Symmetries and Conservation Laws- Adjoints of Differential Operators- Characteristics of Conservation Laws- Variational Symmetries- Group Transformations- Noether's Theorem- Self-adjoint Linear Systems- Action of Symmetries on Conservation Laws- Abnormal Systems and Noether's Second Theorem- Formal Symmetries and Conservation Laws- 54 The Variational Complex- The D-Complex- Vertical Forms- Total Derivatives of Vertical Forms- Functionals and Functional Forms- The Variational Differential- Higher Euler Operators- The Total Homotopy Operator- Notes- Exercises- 6 Finite-Dimensional Hamiltonian Systems- 61 Poisson Brackets- Hamiltonian Vector Fields- The Structure Functions- The Lie-Poisson Structure- 62 Symplectic Structures and Foliations- The Correspondence Between One-Forms and Vector Fields- Rank of a Poisson Structure- Symplectic Manifolds- Maps Between Poisson Manifolds- Poisson Submanifolds- Darboux' Theorem- The Co-adjoint Representation- 63 Symmetries, First Integrals and Reduction of Order- First Integrals- Hamiltonian Symmetry Groups- Reduction of Order in Hamiltonian Systems- Reduction Using Multi-parameter Groups- Hamiltonian Transformation Groups- The Momentum Map- Notes- Exercises- 7 Hamiltonian Methods for Evolution Equations- 71 Poisson Brackets- The Jacobi Identity- Functional Multi-vectors- 72 Symmetries and Conservation Laws- Distinguished Functionals- Lie Brackets- Conservation Laws- 73 Bi-Hamiltonian Systems- Recursion Operators- Notes- Exercises- References- Symbol Index- Author Index
8,118 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduce the concept of complex vector space and describe a set of properties of composite systems, including Bell's Theorem, and the notion of spacetime symmetry.
Abstract: Preface. Part I: Gathering the Tools. 1. Introduction to Quantum Physics. 2. Quantum Tests. 3. Complex Vector Space. 4. Continuous Variables. Part II: Cryptodeterminism and Quantum Inseparability. 5. Composite Systems. 6. Bell's Theorem. 7. Contextuality. Part III: Quantum Dynamics and Information. 8. Spacetime Symmetries. 9. Information and Thermodynamics. 10. Semiclassical Methods. 11. Chaos and Irreversibility. 12. The Measuring Process. Author Index. Subject Index.
2,851 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1990
TL;DR: In this article, the authors define Lie point transformations and symmetries of an ordinary differential equation, and how to find the Lie point transformation and symmetry of a differential equation with one symmetry and more than one symmetry.
Abstract: Preface 1 Introduction Part I Ordinary Differential Equations: 2 Point transformations and their generators 3 Lie point symmetries of ordinary differential equations: the basic definitions and properties 4 How to find the Lie point symmetries of an ordinary differential equation 5 How to use Lie point symmetries: differential equations with one symmetry 6 Some basic properties of Lie algebras 7 How to use Lie point symmetries: second order differential equations admitting a G2 8 Second order differential equations admitting a G3IX 9 Higher order differential equations admitting more than one Lie point symmetry 10 Systems of second order differential equations 11 Symmetries more general than Lie point symmetries 12 Dynamical symmetries: the basic definitions and properties 13 How to find and use dynamical symmetries for systems possessing a Lagrangian 14 Systems of first order differential equations with a fundamental system of solutions Part II Partial Differential Equations: 15 Lie point transformations and symmetries 16 How to determine the point symmetries of partial differential equations 17 How to use Lie point symmetries of partial differential equations I: generating solutions by symmetry 18 How to use Lie point symmetries of partial differential equations II: similarity variables and reduction of the number of variables 19 How to use Lie point symmetries of partial differential equations III: multiple reduction of variables and differential invariants 20 Symmetries and the separability of partial differential classification 21 Contact transformations and contact symmetries of partial differential equations, and how to use them 22 Differential equations and symmetries in the language of forms 23 Lie-Backlund transformations 24 Lie-Backlund symmetries and how to find them 25 How to use Lie-Backlund symmetries Appendices Index
854 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose spacetime uncertainty relations motivated by Heisenberg's uncertainty principle and by Einstein's theory of classical gravity, which is described by a non-commutative algebra whose commutation relations do imply our uncertainty relations.
Abstract: We propose spacetime uncertainty relations motivated by Heisenberg's uncertainty principle and by Einstein's theory of classical gravity. Quantum spacetime is described by a non-commutative algebra whose commutation relations do imply our uncertainty relations. We comment on the classical limit and on the first steps towards QFT over QST.
826 citations
TL;DR: The embedding formalism for conformal field theories is developed, aimed at doing computations with symmetric traceless operators of arbitrary spin, using an indexfree notation where tensors are encoded by polynomials in auxiliary polarization vectors.
Abstract: We develop the embedding formalism for conformal field theories, aimed at doing computations with symmetric traceless operators of arbitrary spin. We use an index-free notation where tensors are encoded by polynomials in auxiliary polarization vectors. The efficiency of the formalism is demonstrated by computing the tensor structures allowed in n-point conformal correlation functions of tensors operators. Constraints due to tensor conservation also take a simple form in this formalism. Finally, we obtain a perfect match between the number of independent tensor structures of conformal correlators in d dimensions and the number of independent structures in scattering amplitudes of spinning particles in (d+1)-dimensional Minkowski space.
624 citations