Topic
Span (engineering)
About: Span (engineering) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 7012 publications have been published within this topic receiving 38610 citations.
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TL;DR: A linear algebraic model of computation the span program, a variant of Razborov's general approximation method, is introduced, and several upper and lower bounds on it are proved.
Abstract: A linear algebraic model of computation the span program, is introduced, and several upper and lower bounds on it are proved. These results yield applications in complexity and cryptography. The proof of the main connection, between span programs and counting branching programs, uses a variant of Razborov's general approximation method. >
564 citations
TL;DR: There are age differences in all verbal span tasks; the data support the conclusion that working memory span is more age sensitive than short-term memory span; and there is a linear relationship between span of younger adults and span of older adults.
Abstract: Using Brinley plots, this meta-analysis provides a quantitative examination of age differences in eight verbal span tasks. The main conclusions are these: (a) there are age differences in all verbal span tasks; (b) the data support the conclusion that working memory span is more age sensitive than short-term memory span; and (c) there is a linear relationship between span of younger adults and span of older adults. A linear model indicates the presence of three distinct functions, in increasing order of size of age effects: simple storage span; backward digit span; and working memory span.
538 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that span is influenced by interference, that age differences in span may be due to Differences in the ability to overcome interference rather than to differences in capacity, and that interference plays an important role in the relation between span and other tasks.
Abstract: The authors investigated the possibility that working memory span tasks are influenced by interference and that interference contributes to the correlation between span and other measures. Younger and older adults received the span task either in the standard format or one designed to reduce the impact of interference with no impact on capacity demands. Participants then read and recalled a short prose passage. Reducing the amount of interference in the span task raised span scores, replicating previous results (C. P. May, L. Hasher, & M. J. Kane, 1999). The same interference-reducing manipulations that raised span substantially altered the relation between span and prose recall. These results suggest that span is influenced by interference, that age differences in span may be due to differences in the ability to overcome interference rather than to differences in capacity, and that interference plays an important role in the relation between span and other tasks.
468 citations
TL;DR: A variable span smoother based onlinear fits based on linear fits is described, and Computationally efficient algorithms making use of updating formulas are presented.
Abstract: : A variable span smoother based on linear fits is described. Local cross-validation is used to estimate the optimal span as a function of abscissa value. Computationally efficient algorithms making use of updating formulas are presented.
439 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a train is modeled as the composition of two subsystems of wheel loads of constant intervals, with one consisting of all the front wheel assemblies and the other the rear assemblies.
359 citations