Showing papers on "Spark-ignition engine published in 1973"

One-Dimensional Analysis of Combustion in a Spark-Ignition Engine

Abstract: A theory based upon a concept of turbulent flame propagation has been developed and has resulted in the calculation of pressure versus crank angle and temperature versus both crank angle and chamber position as a function of various design parameters. Ultimately, the theory would result in the calculation of NO concentration. Turbulent mixing occurs to a significant extent throughout the chamber especially for larger turbulent eddy sizes. After burning is completed, the mixing tends to uniformize the temperature distribution somewhat.

Fuel Vapor-Spray-Air Mixture Operation of a Spark-Ignition Engine

Abstract: A small quantity of light diesel oil injected into the combustion chamber of a spark-ignition engine running on a fuel vapor (propane)-air mixture was found to improve the engine performances for lean mixture ratios and to reduce the emissions of nitric oxide and carbon monoxide considerably. That is, the indicated horsepower (or indicated mean effective pressure) was increased by 6 to 16 per cent for a constant operating condition and a constant mixture ratio, while the region of stable operation was extended up to an extremely large overall air-fuel ratio well greater than twenty. Consequently, both the emission of nitric oxide and that of carbon monoxide were reduced simultaneously. The concentration of nitric oxide in the exhaust gas for the mean effective pressure of 5 kp/cm2, for example, was reduced down to 200 ppm, ca. one tenth of the value obtained for propane-air operation without light oil injection, while the concentration of carbon monoxide was reduced down to ca. 0.08 per cent by v...

The Chemistry of Spark-Ignition Engine Combustion and Emission Formation

Abstract: The ability of the spark-ignition engine to release chemical energy via combustion reactions and transform this energy into mechanical energy is well known. The engine may be visualized as a combination of parallel but out of phase batch reactors. These are commonly called the combustion chambers. Four-, six-, or eight-batch reactors are arranged in parallel. The effluent from these batch reactors is combined in one or two pulsating-flow reactors, called the exhaust system.